Exam 3: Does God Exist?

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Even if God is the first cause of the universe, it does not follow that God is

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Explain the benefits (and costs) of theism.

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Theism, the belief in the existence of a higher power or deity, has both benefits and costs.

Benefits of theism include a sense of purpose and meaning in life. Believers often find comfort in the idea that there is a higher power guiding and watching over them. This can provide a sense of security and hope, especially in difficult times. Theism also offers a moral framework for many people, providing guidelines for ethical behavior and a sense of accountability to a higher power.

On the other hand, there are also costs associated with theism. Some may argue that theism can lead to close-mindedness and intolerance towards those who hold different beliefs. Additionally, theism can sometimes be used to justify harmful actions or discrimination in the name of religion. There is also the potential for conflict and division between different religious groups, as history has shown.

Ultimately, the benefits and costs of theism are subjective and can vary greatly from person to person. It is important to approach the topic with an open mind and respect for differing beliefs.

W. K. Clifford argued that it is wrong always, everywhere, and for anyone to believe anything on insufficient evidence. His critics have claimed that this argument fails owing to

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The principle of sufficient reason claims that

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In detail, explain the cosmological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

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William Paley's design argument is an example of which of the following types of argumentation?

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Ontology is a branch of philosophy concerned with

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An atheist believes

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Which of the following is an objection to Leibniz's Cosmological Argument?

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A causal chain is a sequence of events

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In detail, explain the first cause argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

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Pragmatic arguments claim to be

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In detail, explain the ontological argument, including major objections that have been made against it.

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Evidential arguments claim to be

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In detail, explain the argument from design, including major objections that have been made against it.

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What sort of argument shows a claim to be false by first assuming it is true and then deriving a contradiction from that assumption?

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Charles Darwin explains the order in the world by means of

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Gaunilo of Marmoutiers attempted to refute St. Anselm's ontological argument with an analogy to the most perfect

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Which of the following correctly states a central premise of the design argument: Many of the parts of plants and animals

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David Hume gave reasons to suggest the Design Argument may not prove that God has which of the following attributes?

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