Question 1

Coping strategies:

Accepted Answer

A) are behavioral, versus cognitive, tools for reducing distress 
B) are cognitive, rather than behavioral, in origin 
C) are rarely effective in alleviating or preventing psychological distress 
D) include self-esteem and mastery 
E) refer to the things people do to minimize the negative effects of stressors 
A) are behavioral, versus cognitive, tools for reducing distress 
B) are cognitive, rather than behavioral, in origin 
C) are rarely effective in alleviating or preventing psychological distress 
D) include self-esteem and mastery 
E) refer to the things people do to minimize the negative effects of stressors

Question 2

In Dohrenwend and associates' (2008) study, the differential vulnerability model best explained the high rate of chronic PTSD among:

Accepted Answer

A) Americans who worked as medics during the Vietnam War 
B) African American Vietnam War veterans 
C) Hispanic Vietnam War veterans 
D) White Vietnam War veterans 
E) women who served in the military during the Vietnam War 
A) Americans who worked as medics during the Vietnam War 
B) African American Vietnam War veterans 
C) Hispanic Vietnam War veterans 
D) White Vietnam War veterans 
E) women who served in the military during the Vietnam War

Question 3

The differential vulnerability model is based on the notion that:

Accepted Answer

A) exposure to one stressor often results in exposure to other (secondary) stressors 
B) group differences in psychological distress are due to group differences in stressor exposure 
C) some individuals are more reactive than other individuals to the stressors they're exposed to 
D) the magnitude of the stressors people experience varies across time and place 
E) all of the above 
A) exposure to one stressor often results in exposure to other (secondary) stressors 
B) group differences in psychological distress are due to group differences in stressor exposure 
C) some individuals are more reactive than other individuals to the stressors they're exposed to 
D) the magnitude of the stressors people experience varies across time and place 
E) all of the above

Question 4

Stressors include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) chronic strains 
B) low self-esteem 
C) major traumas 
D) negative life events 
E) role strains 
A) chronic strains 
B) low self-esteem 
C) major traumas 
D) negative life events 
E) role strains

Question 5

Self-esteem, mastery, and social support are coping resources.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

How is the label "mentally ill" similar to the label "witch"?

Accepted Answer

The label "mentally ill" and the label "

Question 7

The process through which people are reprogrammed with new values and norms following one or more a serious transgressions is called:

Accepted Answer

A) behavior-self reformation 
B) personality repair 
C) resocialization 
D) secondary development 
E) self-healing 
A) behavior-self reformation 
B) personality repair 
C) resocialization 
D) secondary development 
E) self-healing

Question 8

The differential vulnerability model provides a better explanation than the differential exposure model of the effect of _____________ on psychological distress.

Accepted Answer

A) class 
B) gender 
C) marital status 
D) race/ethnicity 
E) region of the country 
A) class 
B) gender 
C) marital status 
D) race/ethnicity 
E) region of the country

Question 9

Most colleges and universities are total institutions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Suppose that Leo works at his family's business and believes he is a dependable and conscientious employee. He views himself in a similar manner within the context of his family. Leo has few other roles or social relationships. Imagine that Leo is on the verge of divorce because his wife believes he is not committed to his family and is unreliable. Leo is likely to experience a high level of psychological distress in this situation because he:

Accepted Answer

A) does not have effective coping strategies 
B) has experienced a blow to his self-esteem 
C) has low self-complexity 
D) has low mastery 
E) is experiencing role strain 
A) does not have effective coping strategies 
B) has experienced a blow to his self-esteem 
C) has low self-complexity 
D) has low mastery 
E) is experiencing role strain

Question 11

What is medicalization? Give an example of a condition or behavioral pattern that has been medicalized. What consequences has the medicalization of this condition likely to have had for the individuals who have received this diagnosis? Why are sociologists, including labeling theorists, concerned about the increasing trend toward medicalization within this society?

Accepted Answer

Medicalization refers to the process by

Question 12

Individuals who subscribe to the medical model of mental illness believe that mental illnesses:

Accepted Answer

A) are equally distributed throughout the population 
B) are socially based "diseases" 
C) almost always begin during childhood 
D) can be prevented through nutrition and vaccination 
E) can often be treated with medication 
A) are equally distributed throughout the population 
B) are socially based "diseases" 
C) almost always begin during childhood 
D) can be prevented through nutrition and vaccination 
E) can often be treated with medication

Question 13

What is a total institution? In what ways do the characteristics of total institutions, such as the isolation of inmates from the rest of society, the removal of props, and the issue of standard attire, contribute to the mortification of mental patients' selves? Why is this process significant?

Accepted Answer

A total institution is a term coined by

Question 14

Symbolic interactionists emphasize:

Accepted Answer

A) the benefits of inpatient treatment for severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia) 
B) the importance of identifying those aspects of the primary socialization process that make individuals vulnerable to psychological distress and disorder 
C) the link between social relationships and the risk for mental illness 
D) the relationship between status characteristics, in particular gender and race/ethnicity, and psychological distress 
E) the subjective nature of societal definitions of mental illness 
A) the benefits of inpatient treatment for severe psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia) 
B) the importance of identifying those aspects of the primary socialization process that make individuals vulnerable to psychological distress and disorder 
C) the link between social relationships and the risk for mental illness 
D) the relationship between status characteristics, in particular gender and race/ethnicity, and psychological distress 
E) the subjective nature of societal definitions of mental illness

Question 15

Labeling theorists argue that working mothers are the target demographic for private psychiatric facilities seeking to increase their profits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Racial/ethnic differences in levels of psychological distress are better explained by the differential vulnerability model than by the differential exposure model.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

According to sociological social psychologists, psychological distress results in mental illness (i.e., a psychiatric disorder) when:

Accepted Answer

A) individuals have a biological predisposition to particular neurochemical imbalances 
B) individuals' levels of stressor exposure exceeds their levels of coping resources 
C) people's basic needs for food and shelter aren't being met 
D) societies experience rapid social change 
E) the self-concept has not developed in a normative fashion 
A) individuals have a biological predisposition to particular neurochemical imbalances 
B) individuals' levels of stressor exposure exceeds their levels of coping resources 
C) people's basic needs for food and shelter aren't being met 
D) societies experience rapid social change 
E) the self-concept has not developed in a normative fashion

Question 18

Within psychological social psychology, cognitive schemata that reflect the different ways that people view themselves are called:

Accepted Answer

A) domains of self 
B) mental frames 
C) reflected appraisals 
D) social identities 
E) the "I"-"me" divide 
A) domains of self 
B) mental frames 
C) reflected appraisals 
D) social identities 
E) the "I"-"me" divide

Question 19

Scheff defines residual deviance as:

Accepted Answer

A) deviant behaviors that have no effect on anyone other than the perpetrator 
B) low-consensus behaviors defined by some people as deviant and others as normative 
C) minimal acts of deviance that occurs after, and often as the result of, a serious criminal behavior 
D) the unexpected and often atypical consequences of normative behaviors 
E) those behaviors that violate social norms for which we have no specific label 
A) deviant behaviors that have no effect on anyone other than the perpetrator 
B) low-consensus behaviors defined by some people as deviant and others as normative 
C) minimal acts of deviance that occurs after, and often as the result of, a serious criminal behavior 
D) the unexpected and often atypical consequences of normative behaviors 
E) those behaviors that violate social norms for which we have no specific label

Question 20

Labeling theorists argue that witchcraft and mental illness are similar constructs in that both labels are subjective and can be applied to any action and:

Accepted Answer

A) can be resisted once the target recognizes their subjective nature 
B) once they are applied, there is nothing the targets of either label can do to prove they are not in this category 
C) they are, or have been, applied with equal frequency across groups within society 
D) they have largely failed in controlling people's behaviors 
E) all of the above 
A) can be resisted once the target recognizes their subjective nature 
B) once they are applied, there is nothing the targets of either label can do to prove they are not in this category 
C) they are, or have been, applied with equal frequency across groups within society 
D) they have largely failed in controlling people's behaviors 
E) all of the above

Coping strategies:

In Dohrenwend and associates' (2008) study, the differential vulnerability model best explained the high rate of chronic PTSD among:

The differential vulnerability model is based on the notion that:

Stressors include all of the following except:

Self-esteem, mastery, and social support are coping resources.

How is the label "mentally ill" similar to the label "witch"?

The process through which people are reprogrammed with new values and norms following one or more a serious transgressions is called:

The differential vulnerability model provides a better explanation than the differential exposure model of the effect of _____________ on psychological distress.

Most colleges and universities are total institutions.

Individuals who subscribe to the medical model of mental illness believe that mental illnesses:

What is a total institution? In what ways do the characteristics of total institutions, such as the isolation of inmates from the rest of society, the removal of props, and the issue of standard attire, contribute to the mortification of mental patients' selves? Why is this process significant?

Symbolic interactionists emphasize:

Labeling theorists argue that working mothers are the target demographic for private psychiatric facilities seeking to increase their profits.

Racial/ethnic differences in levels of psychological distress are better explained by the differential vulnerability model than by the differential exposure model.

According to sociological social psychologists, psychological distress results in mental illness (i.e., a psychiatric disorder) when:

Within psychological social psychology, cognitive schemata that reflect the different ways that people view themselves are called:

Scheff defines residual deviance as:

Labeling theorists argue that witchcraft and mental illness are similar constructs in that both labels are subjective and can be applied to any action and:

What Is Sociological Social Psychology

Research Methods in Sociological Social Psychology

Symbolic Interactionism and Related Perspectives

The Social Structure and Personality Perspective

Group Processes and Structure

Socialization Throughout the Life Course

Self and Identity

Emotions and Social Life

Deviance and Social Control

Personal Relationships

Prejudice and Discrimination

Social Influence, Social Constraint, and Social Change

Filters

Exam 10: Mental Health and Illness

Coping strategies:

In Dohrenwend and associates' (2008) study, the differential vulnerability model best explained the high rate of chronic PTSD among:

The differential vulnerability model is based on the notion that:

Stressors include all of the following except:

Self-esteem, mastery, and social support are coping resources.

How is the label "mentally ill" similar to the label "witch"?

The process through which people are reprogrammed with new values and norms following one or more a serious transgressions is called:

The differential vulnerability model provides a better explanation than the differential exposure model of the effect of _____________ on psychological distress.

Most colleges and universities are total institutions.

Individuals who subscribe to the medical model of mental illness believe that mental illnesses:

What is a total institution? In what ways do the characteristics of total institutions, such as the isolation of inmates from the rest of society, the removal of props, and the issue of standard attire, contribute to the mortification of mental patients' selves? Why is this process significant?

Symbolic interactionists emphasize:

Labeling theorists argue that working mothers are the target demographic for private psychiatric facilities seeking to increase their profits.

Racial/ethnic differences in levels of psychological distress are better explained by the differential vulnerability model than by the differential exposure model.

According to sociological social psychologists, psychological distress results in mental illness (i.e., a psychiatric disorder) when:

Within psychological social psychology, cognitive schemata that reflect the different ways that people view themselves are called:

Scheff defines residual deviance as:

Labeling theorists argue that witchcraft and mental illness are similar constructs in that both labels are subjective and can be applied to any action and:

What Is Sociological Social Psychology

Research Methods in Sociological Social Psychology

Symbolic Interactionism and Related Perspectives

The Social Structure and Personality Perspective

Group Processes and Structure

Socialization Throughout the Life Course

Self and Identity

Emotions and Social Life

Deviance and Social Control

Personal Relationships

Prejudice and Discrimination

Social Influence, Social Constraint, and Social Change

Filters