Question 1

What occurs in the hypertrophic zone during endochondral ossificiation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage undergo mitosis and growth 
B)  Invasion of empty lacunae by osteoprogenitor cells 
C)  Penetration of calcified septa by blood vessels 
D)  Programmed cell death of chondrocytes 
E)  Proliferating chondrocytes organize into parallel columns 
A)  Chondrocytes in the center of the cartilage undergo mitosis and growth 
B)  Invasion of empty lacunae by osteoprogenitor cells 
C)  Penetration of calcified septa by blood vessels 
D)  Programmed cell death of chondrocytes 
E)  Proliferating chondrocytes organize into parallel columns D

Question 2

Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Appositional growth occurs on the epiphyseal side 
B)  Bone replaces cartilage on the diaphyseal side 
C)  Mitotically active chondrocytes are distributed throughout the zone of reserve cartilage 
D)  These chondrocytes are required for lengthening of long bones 
E)  They contain a portion of healthy hyaline cartilage 
A)  Appositional growth occurs on the epiphyseal side 
B)  Bone replaces cartilage on the diaphyseal side 
C)  Mitotically active chondrocytes are distributed throughout the zone of reserve cartilage 
D)  These chondrocytes are required for lengthening of long bones 
E)  They contain a portion of healthy hyaline cartilage A

Question 3

The hormone calcitonin functions to

Accepted Answer

A)  Decrease the rate of calcium absorption 
B)  Decrease the rate of calcium excretion 
C)  Increase the level of calcium ion in the blood 
D)  Stimulate both osteoblast and osteoclast activity 
E)  Stimulate osteoclast activity 
A)  Decrease the rate of calcium absorption 
B)  Decrease the rate of calcium excretion 
C)  Increase the level of calcium ion in the blood 
D)  Stimulate both osteoblast and osteoclast activity 
E)  Stimulate osteoclast activity A

Question 4

Which of the following is true of intramembranous, rather than endochondral, ossification?

Accepted Answer

A)  A hyaline cartilage model is used 
B)  Long bones are formed 
C)  Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts within connective tissue 
D)  Periosteal buds invade the lacunae left behind by dead chondrocytes 
E)  Secondary ossification centers form in the epiphyses 
A)  A hyaline cartilage model is used 
B)  Long bones are formed 
C)  Mesenchymal cells differentiate into osteoblasts within connective tissue 
D)  Periosteal buds invade the lacunae left behind by dead chondrocytes 
E)  Secondary ossification centers form in the epiphyses

Question 5

In bone remodeling, osteoclasts perform lamellar resorption just prior to

Accepted Answer

A)  Maturation of osteoblasts into osteocytes 
B)  Mineralization of osteoid tissue 
C)  Osteoclast activation 
D)  Osteoclast to osteoblast reversal 
E)  Trapping of osteoblasts in bony matrix 
A)  Maturation of osteoblasts into osteocytes 
B)  Mineralization of osteoid tissue 
C)  Osteoclast activation 
D)  Osteoclast to osteoblast reversal 
E)  Trapping of osteoblasts in bony matrix

Question 6

Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  Appositional growth occurs on the epiphyseal side 
B)  Bone replaces cartilage on the diaphyseal side 
C)  Mitotically active chondrocytes are distributed throughout the zone of reserve cartilage 
D)  Epiphyseal plates are required for lengthening of long bones 
E)  Epiphyseal plates contain a portion of healthy hyaline cartilage 
A)  Appositional growth occurs on the epiphyseal side 
B)  Bone replaces cartilage on the diaphyseal side 
C)  Mitotically active chondrocytes are distributed throughout the zone of reserve cartilage 
D)  Epiphyseal plates are required for lengthening of long bones 
E)  Epiphyseal plates contain a portion of healthy hyaline cartilage

Question 7

Parathyroid hormone

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreases calcium levels in the blood 
B)  Increases calcium excretion in the kidneys 
C)  Inhibits osteoclast activity 
D)  Is released by the thyroid gland 
E)  Stimulates osteoclast activity 
A)  Decreases calcium levels in the blood 
B)  Increases calcium excretion in the kidneys 
C)  Inhibits osteoclast activity 
D)  Is released by the thyroid gland 
E)  Stimulates osteoclast activity

Question 8

When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone

Accepted Answer

A)  Appositional bone growth begins 
B)  Interstitial bone growth begins 
C)  Long bones have reached their adult length 
D)  Puberty begins 
E)  The bone becomes more brittle 
A)  Appositional bone growth begins 
B)  Interstitial bone growth begins 
C)  Long bones have reached their adult length 
D)  Puberty begins 
E)  The bone becomes more brittle

Question 9

Secondary ossification centers are found

Accepted Answer

A)  At the outer surface of the diaphysis 
B)  At the surface of the epiphyses 
C)  In the center of the epiphyses 
D)  In the dermis of the skin 
E)  In the medullary cavity of the diaphysis 
A)  At the outer surface of the diaphysis 
B)  At the surface of the epiphyses 
C)  In the center of the epiphyses 
D)  In the dermis of the skin 
E)  In the medullary cavity of the diaphysis

Question 10

During the lengthening of long bones, the zone in which cartilage cells undergo cell division and become organized into rows of isogenous cells is the

Accepted Answer

A)  Calcification zone 
B)  Hypertrophic zone 
C)  Proliferative zone 
D)  Reserve zone 
E)  Vascular invasion zone 
A)  Calcification zone 
B)  Hypertrophic zone 
C)  Proliferative zone 
D)  Reserve zone 
E)  Vascular invasion zone

What occurs in the hypertrophic zone during endochondral ossificiation?

Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT

The hormone calcitonin functions to

Which of the following is true of intramembranous, rather than endochondral, ossification?

In bone remodeling, osteoclasts perform lamellar resorption just prior to

Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT

Parathyroid hormone

When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone

Secondary ossification centers are found

During the lengthening of long bones, the zone in which cartilage cells undergo cell division and become organized into rows of isogenous cells is the

Epithelium

Epithelial Glands

Cell Signaling

Connective Tissue

Blood and Hematopoiesis

Muscle Tissue

Nervous Tissue

Sensory Organs: Vision and Hearing

Immune-Lymphatic System

Integumentary System

Cardiovascular System

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Upper Digestive Segment

Lower Digestive Segment

Digestive Glands

Neuroendocrine System

Endocrine System

Spermatogenesis

Sperm Transport and Maturation

Follicle Development and the Menstrual Cycle

Fertilization, Placentation, and Lactation

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Exam 5: Osteogenesis

What occurs in the hypertrophic zone during endochondral ossificiation?

Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT

The hormone calcitonin functions to

Which of the following is true of intramembranous, rather than endochondral, ossification?

In bone remodeling, osteoclasts perform lamellar resorption just prior to

Each of the following statements about epiphyseal plates is correct EXCEPT

Parathyroid hormone

When the epiphyseal plate is replaced by bone

Secondary ossification centers are found

During the lengthening of long bones, the zone in which cartilage cells undergo cell division and become organized into rows of isogenous cells is the

Epithelium

Epithelial Glands

Cell Signaling

Connective Tissue

Blood and Hematopoiesis

Muscle Tissue

Nervous Tissue

Sensory Organs: Vision and Hearing

Immune-Lymphatic System

Integumentary System

Cardiovascular System

Respiratory System

Urinary System

Upper Digestive Segment

Lower Digestive Segment

Digestive Glands

Neuroendocrine System

Endocrine System

Spermatogenesis

Sperm Transport and Maturation

Follicle Development and the Menstrual Cycle

Fertilization, Placentation, and Lactation

Filters