Question 1

Which basic approach to social research is most effective in providing a holistic and contextual understanding of social actions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimentation 
B)  Survey research 
C)  Field research 
D)  Analysis of existing data 
A)  Experimentation 
B)  Survey research 
C)  Field research 
D)  Analysis of existing data

Question 2

Explain how the concept of triangulation is applied in measurement with respect to (a) operational definitions, (b) reliability assessment, and (c) validity assessment.

Accepted Answer

The concept of triangulation in measurem

Question 3

Concurrent designs are implicit in mixed methods research that is conducted for the explicit purpose of development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Testers' field notes in Pager and associates' study revealed the processes through which employment discrimination took place.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The basic research approaches are equally strong or flexible with respect to the topics or research questions that they may address.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In their study of unpredictability of work schedules and time, Clawson and Gerstel examined four occupational groups. Which of the following was not one of those groups?

Accepted Answer

A)  Doctors 
B)  Physician assistants (PAs) 
C)  Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) 
D)  Nurses 
A)  Doctors 
B)  Physician assistants (PAs) 
C)  Emergency medical technicians (EMTs) 
D)  Nurses

Question 7

Pretesting of survey instruments is a form of mixed methods research that serves the purpose of triangulation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Pager and associates' study of employment discrimination in New York City compared the experiences of two teams of testers as they applied for a job

Accepted Answer

A)  one team of Black applicants and the other team of white testers. 
B)  each team consisted of one Black and one white tester. 
C)  each team consisted of a Black, Latino, and white tester. 
D)  a randomly chosen applicant of each team had a criminal record. 
A)  one team of Black applicants and the other team of white testers. 
B)  each team consisted of one Black and one white tester. 
C)  each team consisted of a Black, Latino, and white tester. 
D)  a randomly chosen applicant of each team had a criminal record.

Question 9

An example of nesting is conducting in-depth interviews with a sample of respondents who participate in a survey.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Comparing the results of a survey and field experiment on employment discrimination, Pager and Quillian showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  the two approaches yielded similar results. 
B)  surveys are a more effective means of assessing job discrimination. 
C)  neither approach provides a valid assessment of job discrimination. 
D)  what employers said they would do in the survey did not match what they did in the experiment. 
A)  the two approaches yielded similar results. 
B)  surveys are a more effective means of assessing job discrimination. 
C)  neither approach provides a valid assessment of job discrimination. 
D)  what employers said they would do in the survey did not match what they did in the experiment.

Question 11

Field notes taken by testers in Pager and associates' field experiment (or audit study) on employment discrimination enabled the researchers to

Accepted Answer

A)  verify the results of the field experiment. 
B)  identify consistent patterns of racial discrimination. 
C)  identify racist employers. 
D)  identify individual differences among same-race testers. 
A)  verify the results of the field experiment. 
B)  identify consistent patterns of racial discrimination. 
C)  identify racist employers. 
D)  identify individual differences among same-race testers.

Question 12

Which basic approach to social research lends itself best to studies of long-term social change?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimentation 
B)  Survey research 
C)  Qualitative research 
D)  Analysis of existing data 
A)  Experimentation 
B)  Survey research 
C)  Qualitative research 
D)  Analysis of existing data

Question 13

Experiments are the most flexible approach with regard to the topics or research questions that may be addressed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Some research indicates that people tend to associate status and height. As a consequence, we tend to perceive persons with prestigious positions or titles as taller than they actually are. Briefly describe how you could test this hypothesis with three different approaches: an experiment, a survey, and the analysis of existing data. Then, compare the relative advantages and disadvantages of using each approach.

Accepted Answer

Experiment: 
To test the hypothesis that

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of job channeling, as discovered in Pager and associates' study of employment discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  After a Black applicant is told that a position has already been filled, the position is offered to a white applicant. 
B)  A Black tester applying for a sales position is offered a job as a stock boy. 
C)  An employer removes a job listing when only minority candidates apply for the job. 
D)  A white candidate with a criminal record is hired as a laborer. 
A)  After a Black applicant is told that a position has already been filled, the position is offered to a white applicant. 
B)  A Black tester applying for a sales position is offered a job as a stock boy. 
C)  An employer removes a job listing when only minority candidates apply for the job. 
D)  A white candidate with a criminal record is hired as a laborer.

Question 16

As Cherlin and associates discovered, one effect of abuse on marriage and cohabitation was abated unions, in which

Accepted Answer

A)  women withdrew from serious relationships with men altogether. 
B)  women constantly moved from one relationship to another. 
C)  women preferred cohabiting, nonmarried relationships. 
D)  women married after becoming pregnant as teenagers. 
A)  women withdrew from serious relationships with men altogether. 
B)  women constantly moved from one relationship to another. 
C)  women preferred cohabiting, nonmarried relationships. 
D)  women married after becoming pregnant as teenagers.

Question 17

Andrew Cherlin and associates' study of the influence of abuse on marriage and cohabitation

Accepted Answer

A)  integrated field research methods with survey research methods. 
B)  compared surveys of respondents in low-income and high-income areas. 
C)  replicated a survey five times within a period of 10 years. 
D)  incorporated an experimental design within surveys of three communities. 
A)  integrated field research methods with survey research methods. 
B)  compared surveys of respondents in low-income and high-income areas. 
C)  replicated a survey five times within a period of 10 years. 
D)  incorporated an experimental design within surveys of three communities.

Question 18

In the study of abuse, women observed in abated unions in the field research would have been classified as "single" in the survey.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which basic approach to social research is most effective in providing a holistic and contextual understanding of social actions?

Explain how the concept of triangulation is applied in measurement with respect to (a) operational definitions, (b) reliability assessment, and (c) validity assessment.

Concurrent designs are implicit in mixed methods research that is conducted for the explicit purpose of development.

Testers' field notes in Pager and associates' study revealed the processes through which employment discrimination took place.

The basic research approaches are equally strong or flexible with respect to the topics or research questions that they may address.

In their study of unpredictability of work schedules and time, Clawson and Gerstel examined four occupational groups. Which of the following was not one of those groups?

Pretesting of survey instruments is a form of mixed methods research that serves the purpose of triangulation.

Pager and associates' study of employment discrimination in New York City compared the experiences of two teams of testers as they applied for a job

An example of nesting is conducting in-depth interviews with a sample of respondents who participate in a survey.

Comparing the results of a survey and field experiment on employment discrimination, Pager and Quillian showed that

Field notes taken by testers in Pager and associates' field experiment (or audit study) on employment discrimination enabled the researchers to

Which basic approach to social research lends itself best to studies of long-term social change?

Experiments are the most flexible approach with regard to the topics or research questions that may be addressed.

Which of the following is an example of job channeling, as discovered in Pager and associates' study of employment discrimination?

As Cherlin and associates discovered, one effect of abuse on marriage and cohabitation was abated unions, in which

Andrew Cherlin and associates' study of the influence of abuse on marriage and cohabitation

In the study of abuse, women observed in abated unions in the field research would have been classified as "single" in the survey.

Introduction: Why Care About Research Methods?

Science and Social Research: From Theory to Data and Back

The Ethics and Politics of Research: Doing What's "Right"

Research Designs: It Depends on the Question

Measurement: Linking Theory to Research

Sampling: Case Selection as a Basis for Inference

Experiments: What Causes What?

Surveys: Questioning and Sampling

Field Research and In-Depth Interviews: Systematic People-Watching and Listening

Existing Data Analysis: Using Data from Secondhand Sources

Quantitative Data Analysis: Using Statistics for Description and Inference

Qualitative Data Analysis: Searching for Meaning

Reading and Writing in Social Research: It's All About Communication

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Exam 11: Multiple Methods: Two or More Approaches Are Better Than One

Which basic approach to social research is most effective in providing a holistic and contextual understanding of social actions?

Explain how the concept of triangulation is applied in measurement with respect to (a) operational definitions, (b) reliability assessment, and (c) validity assessment.

Concurrent designs are implicit in mixed methods research that is conducted for the explicit purpose of development.

Testers' field notes in Pager and associates' study revealed the processes through which employment discrimination took place.

The basic research approaches are equally strong or flexible with respect to the topics or research questions that they may address.

In their study of unpredictability of work schedules and time, Clawson and Gerstel examined four occupational groups. Which of the following was not one of those groups?

Pretesting of survey instruments is a form of mixed methods research that serves the purpose of triangulation.

Pager and associates' study of employment discrimination in New York City compared the experiences of two teams of testers as they applied for a job

An example of nesting is conducting in-depth interviews with a sample of respondents who participate in a survey.

Comparing the results of a survey and field experiment on employment discrimination, Pager and Quillian showed that

Field notes taken by testers in Pager and associates' field experiment (or audit study) on employment discrimination enabled the researchers to

Which basic approach to social research lends itself best to studies of long-term social change?

Experiments are the most flexible approach with regard to the topics or research questions that may be addressed.

Which of the following is an example of job channeling, as discovered in Pager and associates' study of employment discrimination?

As Cherlin and associates discovered, one effect of abuse on marriage and cohabitation was abated unions, in which

Andrew Cherlin and associates' study of the influence of abuse on marriage and cohabitation

In the study of abuse, women observed in abated unions in the field research would have been classified as "single" in the survey.

Introduction: Why Care About Research Methods?

Science and Social Research: From Theory to Data and Back

The Ethics and Politics of Research: Doing What's "Right"

Research Designs: It Depends on the Question

Measurement: Linking Theory to Research

Sampling: Case Selection as a Basis for Inference

Experiments: What Causes What?

Surveys: Questioning and Sampling

Field Research and In-Depth Interviews: Systematic People-Watching and Listening

Existing Data Analysis: Using Data from Secondhand Sources

Quantitative Data Analysis: Using Statistics for Description and Inference

Qualitative Data Analysis: Searching for Meaning

Reading and Writing in Social Research: It's All About Communication

Filters