Exam 1: Adult

A patient has been admitted with the diagnosis of "ETOH overdose." What life threatening gastric disorder is the patient with chronic alcohol use at risk for?

What is the neurotransmitter that is found to be in low levels in patients with Alzheimer's disease?

The nurse is preparing to transfer the patient to a telemetry unit after treatment for a new diagnosis of Atrial Fibrillation and Status Post Mechanical Valve. The patient will be on long term Warfarin Therapy. What is the goal International Normalized Ratio (INR) for this patient?

The nurse is taking care of a Hispanic patient who has a large family. She pulls in extra chairs and lets the patient know what times where multiple family members would be allowed. She gets the patient water without ice. The nurse is showing what professional caring quality?

A nurse is assessing a 2 year old admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. What would the nurse look for as a confirmation of the diagnosis?

A patient has been transferred to the intensive care unit after being diagnosed with Diabetes Ketoacidosis. The nurse would expect to see the following signs and symptoms:

The nurse is reviewing the ABG's (Arterial Blood Gas) results of a patient who has been admitted for gastro intestinal (GI) bleeding and is now in Hypovolemic shock after severe vomiting and diarrhea for 3 days. The arterial blood gas results are pH 7.25, pCO2 39, pO2 77, HCO 316 and oxygen saturation 92%. What is the most probably cause of the arterial blood gas result?

Which of the following drugs used for treatment of multi system organ dysfunction should never be suddenly withdrawn from?

A patient is transferred from the medical-surgical floor to the intensive care unit for a blood pressure of 70/40, increased confusion over the past 6 hours, nausea, vomiting and urine output of 50 mL over the last 6 hours. The patient also has a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and the blood sugars have remained less than 60 despite a bolus of 50 mL of dextrose. What would the nurse do upon receiving the patient?

Which anticonvulsant may cause Status Epilepticus when abruptly withdrawn?

A 77 year old patient with diabetes mellitus has been diagnoses with acute Tubular Necrosis. What would most likely indicate the patient is in the initial phase of acute Tubular Necrosis?

A patient is entering in the end stages renal disease is in denial about her disease process. She is convinced that there is a "natural" way to cure renal disease. What are the only options to effectively treat renal disease?

A 60 year old woman comes worried to her family physician because she has noticed a lump in her right breast during self exam at home. She states that she had felt it initially about a month ago, but it has grown in size since then. She also states that she has had some bloody discharge from nipple. On breast exam, you are able to palpate a movable lump and you notice the skin of her breast is a little dimpled. You also detect some axillary Lymphadenopathy. What is the main risk factor for developing this condition?

Which patient would continuous renal replacement therapy be the most appropriate for?

A nurse is taking care of a patient with a gastrointestinal bleed who is receiving intravenous fluids, packed red blood cell transfusion and proton pump inhibitor medication. The nurse would assess for all the following complications of a gastrointestinal bleed except for:

A patient is admitted to the intensive care unit with a diagnosis of exacerbation of heart failure. Her heart rate is 145/minute and she is breathing rapidly; her oxygen saturation is 90% on 2 L of oxygen. She has been taking beta blockers at home for her heart failure. Which medication would be the drug of choice to increase the contractility of her heart?

A 47 year old man, develops symptoms of weakness in his hands, unsteady gait and inability to dorsiflex his foot. He has also developed a tremor of his extremities, slurred speech and difficulty swallowing. As the muscles of the diaphragm weaken, a respirator is needed to help with breathing. After an extensive work-up, you arrive at a diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). He has no family history of this disease. What is the most likely additional symptom he may develop as this disease progresses?

The nurse is beginning her first shift on her own in the intensive care unit. As she assesses her patient she is alarmed at the decreased amount of urine in the patient's foley catheter. The nurse observes a urine output of:

Bleeding prevention is important with patients who have been diagnosed with Arteriovenous Malformation. What interventions would not be included in preventing a bleed?

The nurse is administering a second unit of packed red blood cells to a patient who was admitted with Hemoglobin of 4.2. After 15 minutes of infusion, the nurse suspects the patient is having a reaction to the packed red blood cells. What symptoms would most likely be evidence of a hemolytic reaction?