Exam 8: After the Ice: The Food-Producing Revolution

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The late Pleistocene Iberomaurusians of northwest Africa had as their subsistence base:

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What are the essential characteristics of the Archaic period of North America?

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The Archaic period of North America, which lasted from around 8000 to 1000 BCE, was characterized by several essential characteristics.

First, during this period, there was a shift towards a more settled, sedentary lifestyle as opposed to the nomadic hunter-gatherer lifestyle of previous periods. This led to the development of more permanent settlements and the beginning of agriculture.

Second, there was an increase in the use of tools and technology, including the development of more sophisticated hunting and farming implements. This technological advancement allowed for more efficient food production and storage.

Third, there was a diversification of subsistence strategies, with communities beginning to rely on a wider range of food sources, including plants, fish, and small game in addition to large game.

Fourth, there was an increase in social complexity and the development of more elaborate social structures. This period saw the emergence of more complex trade networks and the beginning of social differentiation.

Overall, the Archaic period of North America was a time of significant change and development, laying the groundwork for the more complex societies that would emerge in the subsequent Woodland and Mississippian periods.

Social complexity in Australia in the post-Pleistocene is reflected in:

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A heavy reliance on the plants that later would become agricultural staples has been found at the Ohalo II site in Israel dating to as much as:

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What is the source of the domesticated cattle raised by the ancient people of Africa? How has a genetic analysis of modern cattle contributed to this issue?

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The remains of a domesticated species may be distinguishable from a wild species by reference to:

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Among the important crops domesticated in Africa and virtually unknown in the rest of the world are:

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The Younger Dryas lasted from:

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When was maize first domesticated?

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What animals were domesticated in the New World? When were they domesticated and what were they used for?

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Discuss seed bed selection. How might it have contributed to the domestication of plants?

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Human internments found at Shell Mound Archaic sites as well as at the Koster site in Illinois reflect the:

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Following the Holocene Warm Maximum, modern cooler and drier conditions were established in Australia by about:

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Mesolithic sites in southern Germany show evidence of a subsistence base that included:

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The Hoabinhian was:

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About how long ago does evidence show people were first producing cheese from the milk of goats or cows:

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The geological epoch that follows the Pleistocene is called the:

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The period following the Paleoindian in the New World is called the:

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Maize-like teosinte mutants possess what characteristics:

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Using the Messages from the Past section of this chapter as a jumping off point, discuss the possibility that domesticated plants and animals that were major sources of food in antiquity (other than those that are currently our most significant food sources) can make a contribution to feeding people in the present.

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