Exam 9: Getting Results

Outcome analyses concern immediate and direct results of program activities.

Quality-of-life measurement consists of multiple measures.

A larger standard deviation indicates a consistent and reliable performance.

An effectiveness measure concerns a level of output by input.

Outcomes are related to the program goals.

An efficiency analysis assesses a level of outcome by output.

When managers are asked to make forecasts on the basis of few previous observations, they should consider non-regression-based forecasting methods.

Performance in an organization is often unidimensional, so it can be measured well by one measure.

Forecasting based on prior moving averages is more conservative than that based on prior moving changes.

(Optional, Appendix) Forecasting can include periodic effects.

Outputs can be used to measure the performance of a program.

When forecasting, it is best to first deflate current expenditures.

Equity can be defined as the provision of equal access to resources for all social groups.

Only measures of efficiency and effectiveness, not equity, should be included in a performance measurement system.