Question 1

Both of Jane and Jenny's parents are alcoholics. If Jane and Jenny also develop alcoholism, they are said to be _______ for the condition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Both of Jane and Jenny's parents are...

Question 2

Individuals with Huntington's disease possess an allele that causes severe symptoms by

Accepted Answer

A)  replacing pairs of chromosomes. 
B)  producing certain abnormal proteins. 
C)  halting the process of gene expression. 
D)  regulating the sequences of nucleotides. 
A)  replacing pairs of chromosomes. 
B)  producing certain abnormal proteins. 
C)  halting the process of gene expression. 
D)  regulating the sequences of nucleotides.

Question 3

A heritable trait is one that

Accepted Answer

A)  is influenced by genes inherited from one's parents. 
B)  is guaranteed to present itself if inherited from one's parents. 
C)  can be perfectly mapped within the genome. 
D)  cannot be found using genetic testing. 
A)  is influenced by genes inherited from one's parents. 
B)  is guaranteed to present itself if inherited from one's parents. 
C)  can be perfectly mapped within the genome. 
D)  cannot be found using genetic testing.

Question 4

Which statement distinguishes a genotype from a phenotype?

Accepted Answer

A)  Only a phenotype contains inherited information. 
B)  Only a genotype is impacted by environmental factors. 
C)  Only a genotype is determined at the moment of fertilization. 
D)  Only a phenotype remains constant throughout a person's life. 
A)  Only a phenotype contains inherited information. 
B)  Only a genotype is impacted by environmental factors. 
C)  Only a genotype is determined at the moment of fertilization. 
D)  Only a phenotype remains constant throughout a person's life.

Question 5

Your friend is concerned about her brother presenting symptoms of schizophrenia. What question would be most relevant to ask in light of research on genes and schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Did her brother show signs of the disorder in infancy? 
B)  Do her parents have schizophrenia? 
C)  Did her brother ever threaten to harm himself? 
D)  Is her family comfortable with genetic testing? 
A)  Did her brother show signs of the disorder in infancy? 
B)  Do her parents have schizophrenia? 
C)  Did her brother ever threaten to harm himself? 
D)  Is her family comfortable with genetic testing?

Question 6

One reason dysfunctional alleles can have such specific effects on the workings of our sensory systems is that

Accepted Answer

A)  only one allele has a significant effect on each system. 
B)  the toxicity of dysfunctional alleles degrades the action of the entire brain. 
C)  our sensory systems rely on the functioning of more than one protein. 
D)  only a single allele needs to be dysfunctional to result in a deficit. 
A)  only one allele has a significant effect on each system. 
B)  the toxicity of dysfunctional alleles degrades the action of the entire brain. 
C)  our sensory systems rely on the functioning of more than one protein. 
D)  only a single allele needs to be dysfunctional to result in a deficit.

Question 7

A friend is concerned because her brother has started to tell the family that he believes he talks directly to God. He is also becoming emotionally withdrawn. You recommend sending him to a psychiatrist because he might be showing signs of

Accepted Answer

A)  depression. 
B)  generalized anxiety disorder. 
C)  schizophrenia. 
D)  bipolar disorder. 
A)  depression. 
B)  generalized anxiety disorder. 
C)  schizophrenia. 
D)  bipolar disorder.

Question 8

A mutation is defined as involving the

Accepted Answer

A)  miscopying of a gene. 
B)  recombination of nucleotides. 
C)  recombination of amino acids. 
D)  mismatch of a chromosome pair. 
A)  miscopying of a gene. 
B)  recombination of nucleotides. 
C)  recombination of amino acids. 
D)  mismatch of a chromosome pair.

Question 9

Which biological factor typically spares us from harm when we inherit a nonfunctional allele?

Accepted Answer

A)  The other allele in a pair 
B)  The copying of a genotype 
C)  The process of fertilization 
D)  The presence of recessive traits 
A)  The other allele in a pair 
B)  The copying of a genotype 
C)  The process of fertilization 
D)  The presence of recessive traits

Question 10

Next to each allele, a stretch of DNA contains instructions for

Accepted Answer

A)  deletion of the allele. 
B)  expression of the allele. 
C)  duplication of the allele. 
D)  re-shaping the allele. 
A)  deletion of the allele. 
B)  expression of the allele. 
C)  duplication of the allele. 
D)  re-shaping the allele.

Question 11

Both of your best friend's biological parents were born deaf, yet your friend is not deaf because

Accepted Answer

A)  deafness is not a heritable trait. 
B)  deaf people often adopt children. 
C)  he inherited some functional and some dysfunctional alleles for hearing. 
D)  he inherited only functional alleles for hearing. 
A)  deafness is not a heritable trait. 
B)  deaf people often adopt children. 
C)  he inherited some functional and some dysfunctional alleles for hearing. 
D)  he inherited only functional alleles for hearing.

Question 12

What do studies of maternal nurturing behavior in rats suggest about humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Maternal nurturing causes children to release corticosterone, which reduces levels of stress and leads to more nurturing. 
B)  People who are adequately nurtured early in life tend to be less nurturing when they have children of their own. 
C)  Children with nurturing mothers develop fewer natural defenses to stress and are more likely to become suicidal. 
D)  Maternal neglect early in life may have lasting impacts on a person's ability to cope with life's challenges. 
A)  Maternal nurturing causes children to release corticosterone, which reduces levels of stress and leads to more nurturing. 
B)  People who are adequately nurtured early in life tend to be less nurturing when they have children of their own. 
C)  Children with nurturing mothers develop fewer natural defenses to stress and are more likely to become suicidal. 
D)  Maternal neglect early in life may have lasting impacts on a person's ability to cope with life's challenges.

Question 13

In the experiment with dull and bright rats, Cooper and Zubek demonstrated a gene-environment interaction by showing that when navigating the maze

Accepted Answer

A)  dull rats raised in all environments always made more errors. 
B)  bright rats raised in enriched environments sometimes made more errors. 
C)  dull rats raised in enriched environments eventually performed as well as bright rats. 
D)  dull rats raised in impoverished environments performed poorly. 
A)  dull rats raised in all environments always made more errors. 
B)  bright rats raised in enriched environments sometimes made more errors. 
C)  dull rats raised in enriched environments eventually performed as well as bright rats. 
D)  dull rats raised in impoverished environments performed poorly.

Question 14

The fusion of your father's sperm and your mother's egg is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  gene expression. 
B)  spermatization. 
C)  fertilization. 
D)  epigenetics. 
A)  gene expression. 
B)  spermatization. 
C)  fertilization. 
D)  epigenetics.

Question 15

When psychologists use the term "nature" to refer to causes of behaviors, they mean

Accepted Answer

A)  the external environment around our homes. 
B)  the extent to which we were raised in rural areas. 
C)  exposure to plant and animal life. 
D)  our genes and strictly biological influences. 
A)  the external environment around our homes. 
B)  the extent to which we were raised in rural areas. 
C)  exposure to plant and animal life. 
D)  our genes and strictly biological influences.

Question 16

The key difference between twin studies and adoption studies is that in adoption studies

Accepted Answer

A)  the adopted siblings are treated as twins. 
B)  identical twins are separated at birth and raised apart. 
C)  adoptive parents do not know whether their adopted children are twins. 
D)  nothing is known about the genetic makeup of the biological parents. 
A)  the adopted siblings are treated as twins. 
B)  identical twins are separated at birth and raised apart. 
C)  adoptive parents do not know whether their adopted children are twins. 
D)  nothing is known about the genetic makeup of the biological parents.

Question 17

A recessive allele, such as the allele for white flower color in pea plants, affects an individual's phenotype only when

Accepted Answer

A)  both parents have one copy of the recessive allele. 
B)  the individual inherits only one allele. 
C)  it is present on both chromosomes. 
D)  it is absent from both chromosomes. 
A)  both parents have one copy of the recessive allele. 
B)  the individual inherits only one allele. 
C)  it is present on both chromosomes. 
D)  it is absent from both chromosomes.

Question 18

Which factor best explains why it is possible to have a genetic disorder causing a difficulty that is limited to distinguishing two particular colors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sensory processes are sensitive to interactions among chromosomes. 
B)  Sensory abnormalities are difficult to detect in prenatal testing. 
C)  Sensory cells produce specialized proteins for specific purposes. 
D)  Sensory deficits more commonly result from the presence of recessive alleles than from the presence of dominant alleles. 
A)  Sensory processes are sensitive to interactions among chromosomes. 
B)  Sensory abnormalities are difficult to detect in prenatal testing. 
C)  Sensory cells produce specialized proteins for specific purposes. 
D)  Sensory deficits more commonly result from the presence of recessive alleles than from the presence of dominant alleles.

Question 19

Proteins are often described by scientists as the

Accepted Answer

A)  building blocks of life. 
B)  subunits of DNA. 
C)  building blocks of amino acids. 
D)  sets of instructions for the sequence of nucleotides. 
A)  building blocks of life. 
B)  subunits of DNA. 
C)  building blocks of amino acids. 
D)  sets of instructions for the sequence of nucleotides.

Question 20

_______ twins share 100 percent of their DNA.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dizygotic 
B)  Monozygotic 
C)  Fraternal 
D)  Discordant 
A)  Dizygotic 
B)  Monozygotic 
C)  Fraternal 
D)  Discordant

Both of Jane and Jenny's parents are alcoholics. If Jane and Jenny also develop alcoholism, they are said to be _______ for the condition.

Individuals with Huntington's disease possess an allele that causes severe symptoms by

A heritable trait is one that

Which statement distinguishes a genotype from a phenotype?

Your friend is concerned about her brother presenting symptoms of schizophrenia. What question would be most relevant to ask in light of research on genes and schizophrenia?

One reason dysfunctional alleles can have such specific effects on the workings of our sensory systems is that

A friend is concerned because her brother has started to tell the family that he believes he talks directly to God. He is also becoming emotionally withdrawn. You recommend sending him to a psychiatrist because he might be showing signs of

A mutation is defined as involving the

Which biological factor typically spares us from harm when we inherit a nonfunctional allele?

Next to each allele, a stretch of DNA contains instructions for

Both of your best friend's biological parents were born deaf, yet your friend is not deaf because

What do studies of maternal nurturing behavior in rats suggest about humans?

In the experiment with dull and bright rats, Cooper and Zubek demonstrated a gene-environment interaction by showing that when navigating the maze

The fusion of your father's sperm and your mother's egg is referred to as

When psychologists use the term "nature" to refer to causes of behaviors, they mean

The key difference between twin studies and adoption studies is that in adoption studies

A recessive allele, such as the allele for white flower color in pea plants, affects an individual's phenotype only when

Which factor best explains why it is possible to have a genetic disorder causing a difficulty that is limited to distinguishing two particular colors?

Proteins are often described by scientists as the

_______ twins share 100 percent of their DNA.

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters

Exam 4: Genes, Environment, and Behavior

Both of Jane and Jenny's parents are alcoholics. If Jane and Jenny also develop alcoholism, they are said to be _______ for the condition.

Individuals with Huntington's disease possess an allele that causes severe symptoms by

A heritable trait is one that

Which statement distinguishes a genotype from a phenotype?

Your friend is concerned about her brother presenting symptoms of schizophrenia. What question would be most relevant to ask in light of research on genes and schizophrenia?

One reason dysfunctional alleles can have such specific effects on the workings of our sensory systems is that

A friend is concerned because her brother has started to tell the family that he believes he talks directly to God. He is also becoming emotionally withdrawn. You recommend sending him to a psychiatrist because he might be showing signs of

A mutation is defined as involving the

Which biological factor typically spares us from harm when we inherit a nonfunctional allele?

Next to each allele, a stretch of DNA contains instructions for

Both of your best friend's biological parents were born deaf, yet your friend is not deaf because

What do studies of maternal nurturing behavior in rats suggest about humans?

In the experiment with dull and bright rats, Cooper and Zubek demonstrated a gene-environment interaction by showing that when navigating the maze

The fusion of your father's sperm and your mother's egg is referred to as

When psychologists use the term "nature" to refer to causes of behaviors, they mean

The key difference between twin studies and adoption studies is that in adoption studies

A recessive allele, such as the allele for white flower color in pea plants, affects an individual's phenotype only when

Which factor best explains why it is possible to have a genetic disorder causing a difficulty that is limited to distinguishing two particular colors?

Proteins are often described by scientists as the

_______ twins share 100 percent of their DNA.

Introduction: Principles of Psychology

Psychology As a Science

The Neuroscience of Behavior

Developmental Psychology

Sensation and Perception

Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Language and Cognition

Intelligence

Motivation and the Regulation of Behavior

Emotions, Stress, and Health

Personality

Social Psychology

Clinical Psychology

Filters