Question 1

Which of the following items could appear on a scale measuring moral disengagement?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Cheating on an exam is justified when individuals don't have the time to study because of family obligations." 
B)  "Plagiarizing a term paper is okay if it's for a class that is not part of your academic major." 
C)  both 'a' and 'b.' 
D)  neither 'a' nor 'b.' 
A)  "Cheating on an exam is justified when individuals don't have the time to study because of family obligations." 
B)  "Plagiarizing a term paper is okay if it's for a class that is not part of your academic major." 
C)  both 'a' and 'b.' 
D)  neither 'a' nor 'b.'

Question 2

According to research by Osofsky and colleagues, how were prison personnel able to execute prisoners when, in general, they knew killing was wrong?

Accepted Answer

A)  By finding ways to make mortality more salient. 
B)  By finding ways to selectively disengage morality. 
C)  By finding ways to argue against the death penalty. 
D)  By finding ways to punish themselves later. 
A)  By finding ways to make mortality more salient. 
B)  By finding ways to selectively disengage morality. 
C)  By finding ways to argue against the death penalty. 
D)  By finding ways to punish themselves later.

Question 3

_______ refers to what people think will happen, whereas _______ refer to what people think should happen.

Accepted Answer

A)  goals; standards 
B)  standards; goals 
C)  expectancies; standards 
D)  standards; expectancies 
A)  goals; standards 
B)  standards; goals 
C)  expectancies; standards 
D)  standards; expectancies

Question 4

In the CAPS model, the organization among cognitive and affective units is relatively unimportant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Mischel found that preschool measures of delay of gratification were

Accepted Answer

A)  related to adolescent social popularity. 
B)  related to later athletic performance. 
C)  related to adolescent cognitive competencies. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  related to adolescent social popularity. 
B)  related to later athletic performance. 
C)  related to adolescent cognitive competencies. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 6

Which of the following statements best describe the social cognitive theory approach to personality assessment, specifically, their approach to assessing perceived self-efficacy?

Accepted Answer

A)  self-efficacy perceptions should be assessed using self-report measures that describe specific situations individuals will confront. 
B)  self-efficacy perceptions should be assessed using self-report measures that do not describe any specific situations, but instead measure a more generalized sense of self. 
C)  self-efficacy perceptions can not be assessed using self-report measures because people are not fully aware of their thinking processes, and therefore can not report on them. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  self-efficacy perceptions should be assessed using self-report measures that describe specific situations individuals will confront. 
B)  self-efficacy perceptions should be assessed using self-report measures that do not describe any specific situations, but instead measure a more generalized sense of self. 
C)  self-efficacy perceptions can not be assessed using self-report measures because people are not fully aware of their thinking processes, and therefore can not report on them. 
D)  none of the above

Question 7

In development of the ability to delay gratification, children develop ways to distance themselves from the "hot" qualities of desired objects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Objective studies of children in a camp setting support the view of cross-situational behavioral consistency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

According to Bandura, aggressive behavior is regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)  external consequences. 
B)  self-produced consequences. 
C)  vicarious experiencing of consequences. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  external consequences. 
B)  self-produced consequences. 
C)  vicarious experiencing of consequences. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 10

Although conceptualized differently, social cognitive theory shares many fundamental assumptions with trait theory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Relative to trait theorists, social cognitive theorists place much greater emphasis on discriminations among situations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

A ___________ is a criterion for judging the goodness or worth of a person or thing.

Accepted Answer

A)  performance goal 
B)  learning goal 
C)  self-efficacy perception 
D)  evaluative standard 
A)  performance goal 
B)  learning goal 
C)  self-efficacy perception 
D)  evaluative standard

Question 13

In social cognitive theory, one of the ways in which self-regulation is achieved is

Accepted Answer

A)  through the use of external rewards. 
B)  through the use of external cues. 
C)  through the use of internal standards and self-evaluation. 
D)  through the use of internal cues. 
A)  through the use of external rewards. 
B)  through the use of external cues. 
C)  through the use of internal standards and self-evaluation. 
D)  through the use of internal cues.

Question 14

Social cognitive theory recognizes that people differ not only because of their different emotions and motives, but because of their different

Accepted Answer

A)  archetypes. 
B)  competencies. 
C)  traits. 
D)  levels of self-actualization. 
A)  archetypes. 
B)  competencies. 
C)  traits. 
D)  levels of self-actualization.

Question 15

One would expect social cognitive theorists to support the use of generalized measures of intelligence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

According to theorizing by Bandura and colleagues, the disengagement of moral standards allows people to:

Accepted Answer

A)  engage in immoral behaviors when it is to their advantage to do so. 
B)  disregard their own standards of behavior. 
C)  engage in behaviors they believe to be morally wrong. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  engage in immoral behaviors when it is to their advantage to do so. 
B)  disregard their own standards of behavior. 
C)  engage in behaviors they believe to be morally wrong. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 17

According to social cognitive theory, the process of reciprocal determinism suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  people influence their environments. 
B)  environments influence people. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b). 
A)  people influence their environments. 
B)  environments influence people. 
C)  both (a) and (b). 
D)  neither (a) nor (b).

Question 18

The fact that children learn so many behaviors through television can probably best be explained by

Accepted Answer

A)  Skinnerian operant conditioning. 
B)  Freudian psychoanalytic theory. 
C)  Pavlovian classical conditioning. 
D)  Bandura's observational learning. 
A)  Skinnerian operant conditioning. 
B)  Freudian psychoanalytic theory. 
C)  Pavlovian classical conditioning. 
D)  Bandura's observational learning.

Question 19

According to Bandura, a person will try harder if

Accepted Answer

A)  they see a more competent person succeed. 
B)  they see a model punished. 
C)  perceived self-efficacy suggests a chance for success. 
D)  all of the above. 
A)  they see a more competent person succeed. 
B)  they see a model punished. 
C)  perceived self-efficacy suggests a chance for success. 
D)  all of the above.

Question 20

Research by Shoda, Wright, and Mischel reveals that aggressive behavior

Accepted Answer

A)  is primarily inherited, as the evolutionary psychologists thought. 
B)  is very stable across time. 
C)  varies from one situation to another. 
D)  is not an important element of personality. 
A)  is primarily inherited, as the evolutionary psychologists thought. 
B)  is very stable across time. 
C)  varies from one situation to another. 
D)  is not an important element of personality.

Which of the following items could appear on a scale measuring moral disengagement?

According to research by Osofsky and colleagues, how were prison personnel able to execute prisoners when, in general, they knew killing was wrong?

_ refers to what people think will happen, whereas _ refer to what people think should happen.

In the CAPS model, the organization among cognitive and affective units is relatively unimportant.

Mischel found that preschool measures of delay of gratification were

Which of the following statements best describe the social cognitive theory approach to personality assessment, specifically, their approach to assessing perceived self-efficacy?

In development of the ability to delay gratification, children develop ways to distance themselves from the "hot" qualities of desired objects.

Objective studies of children in a camp setting support the view of cross-situational behavioral consistency.

According to Bandura, aggressive behavior is regulated by

Although conceptualized differently, social cognitive theory shares many fundamental assumptions with trait theory.

Relative to trait theorists, social cognitive theorists place much greater emphasis on discriminations among situations.

A ___________ is a criterion for judging the goodness or worth of a person or thing.

In social cognitive theory, one of the ways in which self-regulation is achieved is

Social cognitive theory recognizes that people differ not only because of their different emotions and motives, but because of their different

One would expect social cognitive theorists to support the use of generalized measures of intelligence.

According to theorizing by Bandura and colleagues, the disengagement of moral standards allows people to:

According to social cognitive theory, the process of reciprocal determinism suggests that

The fact that children learn so many behaviors through television can probably best be explained by

According to Bandura, a person will try harder if

Research by Shoda, Wright, and Mischel reveals that aggressive behavior

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters

Exam 12: Social Cognitive Theory: Bandura and Mischel

Which of the following items could appear on a scale measuring moral disengagement?

According to research by Osofsky and colleagues, how were prison personnel able to execute prisoners when, in general, they knew killing was wrong?

_______ refers to what people think will happen, whereas _______ refer to what people think should happen.

In the CAPS model, the organization among cognitive and affective units is relatively unimportant.

Mischel found that preschool measures of delay of gratification were

Which of the following statements best describe the social cognitive theory approach to personality assessment, specifically, their approach to assessing perceived self-efficacy?

In development of the ability to delay gratification, children develop ways to distance themselves from the "hot" qualities of desired objects.

Objective studies of children in a camp setting support the view of cross-situational behavioral consistency.

According to Bandura, aggressive behavior is regulated by

Although conceptualized differently, social cognitive theory shares many fundamental assumptions with trait theory.

Relative to trait theorists, social cognitive theorists place much greater emphasis on discriminations among situations.

A ___________ is a criterion for judging the goodness or worth of a person or thing.

In social cognitive theory, one of the ways in which self-regulation is achieved is

Social cognitive theory recognizes that people differ not only because of their different emotions and motives, but because of their different

One would expect social cognitive theorists to support the use of generalized measures of intelligence.

According to theorizing by Bandura and colleagues, the disengagement of moral standards allows people to:

According to social cognitive theory, the process of reciprocal determinism suggests that

The fact that children learn so many behaviors through television can probably best be explained by

According to Bandura, a person will try harder if

Research by Shoda, Wright, and Mischel reveals that aggressive behavior

Personality Theory: From Everyday Observations to Systematic Theories

The Scientific Study of People

A Psychodynamic Theory: Freuds Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality

Freuds Psychodynamic Theory: Applications, Related Theoretical Conceptions, and Contemporary Research

A Phenomenological Theory: Carl Rogers Person-Centered Theory of Personality

A Phenomenological Theory - Applications and Evaluation of Rogers Theory

Trait Approaches to Personality - Allport, Eyesneck and Cattell

Trait Theory: the Five-Factor Model: Applications and Evaluation of the Trait Approach

Biological Foundations of Personality

Behaviorism and the Learning Approaches to Personality

A Cognitive Theory of Personality: George a Kellys Personal Construct Theory of Personality

Social-Cognitive Theory: Extensions, Applications, and Evaluation

Personality in Context: Interpersonal Relations, Culture, and Development Across the Course of Life

An Overview of Personality Theory, Assessment, and Research

Filters

_ refers to what people think will happen, whereas _ refer to what people think should happen.