Exam 10: Sex, Gender, and Sexuality.

At birth, male and female infants are distinguished by secondary sex characteristics: the genitalia used in the reproductive process.

__________ refers to the domestication of large animals to provide food.

A society's __________ refers to the level of technology and the organization of the economy in a given society.

At the core of the differences between gender and sex is the chromosomal information transmitted at the moment a child is conceived. An "XY" chromosome pairing would indicate what?

Across cultures, girls are preferred to boys, especially when the number of children that parents can have is limited by law or economic conditions.

__________ is the belief that women and men are equal and that they should be valued equally and have equal rights.

The text observes that while most married women now share responsibility for the breadwinner role, many men do not accept their share of domestic responsibilities. Consequently, many women have a(n) __________.

During adolescence, adults are often stronger and more effective agents of socialization than peers. Adults are thought to be especially important in boys' development of gender identity.

Sociologist Elizabeth Higginbotham points out that African American professional women find themselves limited to employment in certain sectors of the labor market. Most are concentrated in the private sector, for example-in large corporations, major law firms, etc.

The pay gap is greatest for women of color. Although white women in 2003 earned 79 percent as much as white men, African American women earned only __________ percent of what white male workers earned.

In a definitive study of sexuality in the mid-1990s, researchers at the University of Chicago established three criteria for identifying people as homosexual or bisexual. Which of the following is not one of the criteria identified?

Various organizations of gays, lesbians, and transgendered persons have been unified in their desire to reduce hate crimes and other forms of __________-the extreme prejudice directed at gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and others who are perceived as not being heterosexual.

__________ refers to the biological and anatomical differences between females and males.

According to U.S. Census Bureau data, what occupation has the highest percentage of women employees?

A new form of feminist thinking is rising among Muslim women. This is called

In postindustrial societies such as the United States, approximately __________ of adult women are in the labor force, meaning that finding time to care for children, help aging parents, and the demands of the workplace will continue to place a heavy burden on women, despite living in an information and service-oriented economy.

Define sexism and explain how it is related to discrimination and patriarchy.

Sociologist Virginia Cyrus explains, "Under __________, men are seen as "natural" heads of the households, Presidential candidates, corporate executives, college presidents, etc. Women, on the other hand, are men's subordinates, playing such supportive roles as housewife, mother, nurse, and secretary."

According to U.S. Census Bureau data, what occupation has the highest percentage of African American employees?

A(n) __________ is one in which factory or mechanized production has replaced agriculture as the major form of economic activity.