Question 1

Ecotones are usually narrow in width and sharply defined.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Over ninety percent of all carbon on Earth is stored in the ocean.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Which of the following is true regarding the practice of setting well-regulated fires in forests?

Accepted Answer

A)  This practice was important to primitive peoples in managing their game yields. 
B)  This practice may have been important to the formation of grasslands worldwide. 
C)  This practice is called fire ecology. 
D)  This practice has been used by the U.S. Forest Service since the 1940s. 
E)  All of these are true. 
A)  This practice was important to primitive peoples in managing their game yields. 
B)  This practice may have been important to the formation of grasslands worldwide. 
C)  This practice is called fire ecology. 
D)  This practice has been used by the U.S. Forest Service since the 1940s. 
E)  All of these are true.

Question 4

The fact that no two organisms can occupy the same niche successfully in a stable community is a statement of which general ecological principle?

Accepted Answer

A)  trophic law 
B)  habitat bifurcation 
C)  niche rules 
D)  competitive exclusion 
A)  trophic law 
B)  habitat bifurcation 
C)  niche rules 
D)  competitive exclusion

Question 5

In nature, approximately ________ of the calories in plant matter survive from the primary to the secondary trophic (feeding, nutrition) level.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 percent 
B)  30 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  90 percent 
A)  10 percent 
B)  30 percent 
C)  50 percent 
D)  90 percent

Question 6

In the tropical rain forests of South America, a species of frog lives its life cycle in small "ponds" of water caught in large leaves in the tops of trees. The frogs, and the animals they interact with, constitute a/an ________, and the rain forest itself-with all its biotic and abiotic components-constitutes a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  habitat; community 
B)  community; ecosystem 
C)  ecosystem; niche 
D)  ecosystem; community 
A)  habitat; community 
B)  community; ecosystem 
C)  ecosystem; niche 
D)  ecosystem; community

Question 7

In which region does the midlatitude grassland $\underline { \text { not } }$occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  North America 
B)  the Pampas of Argentina and Uruguay 
C)  Siberia 
D)  Ukraine 
A)  North America 
B)  the Pampas of Argentina and Uruguay 
C)  Siberia 
D)  Ukraine

Question 8

An individual species must satisfy several aspects of its niche, such as habitat and reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The interacting populations of living animals and plants in an area form a convenient subdivision in nature described as a/an

Accepted Answer

A)  ecosystem. 
B)  ecotone. 
C)  community. 
D)  niche. 
A)  ecosystem. 
B)  ecotone. 
C)  community. 
D)  niche.

Question 10

Which of the following did $\underline {   \text { not } }$ occur as a result of the 1988 Yellowstone fires?

Accepted Answer

A)  About 20 percent of the total acres in the park were severely burned. 
B)  A task force report led to a new policy of full fire suppression in all forests. 
C)  A conclusion was reached that previous fire suppression efforts actually made the fire worse than it would have otherwise been. 
D)  A task force report was prepared that endorsed continued fire ecology practices. 
A)  About 20 percent of the total acres in the park were severely burned. 
B)  A task force report led to a new policy of full fire suppression in all forests. 
C)  A conclusion was reached that previous fire suppression efforts actually made the fire worse than it would have otherwise been. 
D)  A task force report was prepared that endorsed continued fire ecology practices.

Question 11

Which of the following is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  niche - function of a life-form within a given environment 
B)  ecosystem - a self-regulating association of living plants and animals and their nonliving environment 
C)  community - specific location of an organism 
D)  symbiotic relationships - mutually beneficial relationship 
A)  niche - function of a life-form within a given environment 
B)  ecosystem - a self-regulating association of living plants and animals and their nonliving environment 
C)  community - specific location of an organism 
D)  symbiotic relationships - mutually beneficial relationship

Question 12

The greatest amount of biomass of an undisturbed ecosystem occurs when the ecosystem has fully matured.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Most ecosystems are relatively uniform, with few, if any, patches of former landscapes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Relative to the area surrounding a forest, which of the following is false regarding a forest-floor microclimate?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is cooler in summer. 
B)  It is windier. 
C)  It is more humid. 
D)  It has moderated temperatures. 
A)  It is cooler in summer. 
B)  It is windier. 
C)  It is more humid. 
D)  It has moderated temperatures.

Question 15

The different spatial distribution of coast redwoods and red maple trees illustrates the operation of

Accepted Answer

A)  limiting factors. 
B)  competitive exclusions. 
C)  management through logging. 
D)  symbiosis. 
A)  limiting factors. 
B)  competitive exclusions. 
C)  management through logging. 
D)  symbiosis.

Question 16

Most of the world's grain and livestock production occurs in the midlatitude grassland biome.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Earth's warm deserts include all of the following except the

Accepted Answer

A)  Atacama Desert. 
B)  Great Basin of the United States. 
C)  Western Sahara. 
D)  Great Australian Desert. 
A)  Atacama Desert. 
B)  Great Basin of the United States. 
C)  Western Sahara. 
D)  Great Australian Desert.

Question 18

Why do you suppose that tropical rain forests are the richest terrestrial ecosystems in terms of plant and animal diversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cold is not a limiting factor. 
B)  Water is not a limiting factor. 
C)  Because of the lack of environmental constraints, many evolutionary varieties can survive and reproduce. 
D)  All of the above are reasons. 
E)  None of the above-the tropical rain forests are not the richest terrestrial ecosystems. 
A)  Cold is not a limiting factor. 
B)  Water is not a limiting factor. 
C)  Because of the lack of environmental constraints, many evolutionary varieties can survive and reproduce. 
D)  All of the above are reasons. 
E)  None of the above-the tropical rain forests are not the richest terrestrial ecosystems.

Question 19

The Mediterranean shrubland biome occurs

Accepted Answer

A)  equatorward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is wet when this pressure system shifts over the area. 
B)  equatorward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is dry when this pressure system shifts over the area. 
C)  poleward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is wet when this pressure system shifts over the area. 
D)  poleward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is dry when this pressure system shifts over the area. 
A)  equatorward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is wet when this pressure system shifts over the area. 
B)  equatorward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is dry when this pressure system shifts over the area. 
C)  poleward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is wet when this pressure system shifts over the area. 
D)  poleward of the subtropical high pressure cells and is dry when this pressure system shifts over the area.

Question 20

Aridisols, Entisols, and the Desert climates form the basis of which biome?

Accepted Answer

A)  desert 
B)  northern needleleaf forest and montane forest 
C)  midlatitude grassland 
D)  alpine and arctic tundra 
A)  desert 
B)  northern needleleaf forest and montane forest 
C)  midlatitude grassland 
D)  alpine and arctic tundra

Ecotones are usually narrow in width and sharply defined.

Over ninety percent of all carbon on Earth is stored in the ocean.

Which of the following is true regarding the practice of setting well-regulated fires in forests?

The fact that no two organisms can occupy the same niche successfully in a stable community is a statement of which general ecological principle?

In nature, approximately ________ of the calories in plant matter survive from the primary to the secondary trophic (feeding, nutrition) level.

In which region does the midlatitude grassland $\underline { \text { not } }$ occur?

An individual species must satisfy several aspects of its niche, such as habitat and reproduction.

The interacting populations of living animals and plants in an area form a convenient subdivision in nature described as a/an

Which of the following did $\underline { \text { not } }$ occur as a result of the 1988 Yellowstone fires?

Which of the following is false?

The greatest amount of biomass of an undisturbed ecosystem occurs when the ecosystem has fully matured.

Most ecosystems are relatively uniform, with few, if any, patches of former landscapes.

Relative to the area surrounding a forest, which of the following is false regarding a forest-floor microclimate?

The different spatial distribution of coast redwoods and red maple trees illustrates the operation of

Most of the world's grain and livestock production occurs in the midlatitude grassland biome.

Earth's warm deserts include all of the following except the

Why do you suppose that tropical rain forests are the richest terrestrial ecosystems in terms of plant and animal diversity?

The Mediterranean shrubland biome occurs

Aridisols, Entisols, and the Desert climates form the basis of which biome?

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

Exam 16: Ecosystems and Biomes

Ecotones are usually narrow in width and sharply defined.

Over ninety percent of all carbon on Earth is stored in the ocean.

Which of the following is true regarding the practice of setting well-regulated fires in forests?

The fact that no two organisms can occupy the same niche successfully in a stable community is a statement of which general ecological principle?

In nature, approximately ________ of the calories in plant matter survive from the primary to the secondary trophic (feeding, nutrition) level.

In which region does the midlatitude grassland not ‾\underline { \text { not } } not ​ occur?

An individual species must satisfy several aspects of its niche, such as habitat and reproduction.

The interacting populations of living animals and plants in an area form a convenient subdivision in nature described as a/an

Which of the following did not ‾\underline { \text { not } } not ​ occur as a result of the 1988 Yellowstone fires?

Which of the following is false?

The greatest amount of biomass of an undisturbed ecosystem occurs when the ecosystem has fully matured.

Most ecosystems are relatively uniform, with few, if any, patches of former landscapes.

Relative to the area surrounding a forest, which of the following is false regarding a forest-floor microclimate?

The different spatial distribution of coast redwoods and red maple trees illustrates the operation of

Most of the world's grain and livestock production occurs in the midlatitude grassland biome.

Earth's warm deserts include all of the following except the

Why do you suppose that tropical rain forests are the richest terrestrial ecosystems in terms of plant and animal diversity?

The Mediterranean shrubland biome occurs

Aridisols, Entisols, and the Desert climates form the basis of which biome?

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

In which region does the midlatitude grassland $\underline { \text { not } }$ occur?

Which of the following did $\underline { \text { not } }$ occur as a result of the 1988 Yellowstone fires?