Question 1

Exfoliation occurs because

Accepted Answer

A)  water combines with minerals and increases their size, thereby causing surrounding minerals to pop out of the rock matrix. 
B)  water freezes in joints and expands. 
C)  overlying rock is removed, thereby allowing the underlying rock mass to expand. 
D)  All of the above are possible causes of exfoliation. 
A)  water combines with minerals and increases their size, thereby causing surrounding minerals to pop out of the rock matrix. 
B)  water freezes in joints and expands. 
C)  overlying rock is removed, thereby allowing the underlying rock mass to expand. 
D)  All of the above are possible causes of exfoliation.

Question 2

Physical weathering dominates in warm, wet climates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A landscape in a state of dynamic equilibrium experiences no change.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Soil creep is a natural process sometimes related to a freeze-thaw cycle of soil moisture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Stream drainage patterns are determined by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  slope 
B)  differing rock resistance 
C)  climatic and hydrologic variability 
D)  all of these 
A)  slope 
B)  differing rock resistance 
C)  climatic and hydrologic variability 
D)  all of these

Question 6

At any one moment, approximately ________ of fresh water flows through Earth's rivers and streams.

Accepted Answer

A)  1,250 km³ (300 mi³) 
B)  13,000 km³ (3,100 mi³) 
C)  104,000 km³ (25,000 mi³) 
D)  22 percent (an amount equal to that in groundwater) 
A)  1,250 km³ (300 mi³) 
B)  13,000 km³ (3,100 mi³) 
C)  104,000 km³ (25,000 mi³) 
D)  22 percent (an amount equal to that in groundwater)

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the longitudinal profile of most rivers?

Accepted Answer

A)  It always changes at a constant rate from the headwater region to the sea. 
B)  It is convex in shape. 
C)  It is concave in shape. 
D)  It is gentle upstream and steep downstream. 
A)  It always changes at a constant rate from the headwater region to the sea. 
B)  It is convex in shape. 
C)  It is concave in shape. 
D)  It is gentle upstream and steep downstream.

Question 8

Of the world's largest rivers, which has the greatest discharge?

Accepted Answer

A)  Zaire (Congo) River 
B)  Amazon River 
C)  Missouri-Ohio-Mississippi river system 
D)  Chang Chiang (Yangtze) of Asia 
A)  Zaire (Congo) River 
B)  Amazon River 
C)  Missouri-Ohio-Mississippi river system 
D)  Chang Chiang (Yangtze) of Asia

Question 9

Which of the following rock types is most affected by fluvial solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  granite 
B)  sandstone 
C)  rhyolite 
D)  limestone 
A)  granite 
B)  sandstone 
C)  rhyolite 
D)  limestone

Question 10

As the discharge of a stream $\underline {\text { increases } }$, which of the following also happens?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stream channels narrow, become shallower, and lose velocity. 
B)  The rate of flow decreases. 
C)  Channel width increases but channel depth decreases. 
D)  Width, depth, and velocity all increase. 
A)  Stream channels narrow, become shallower, and lose velocity. 
B)  The rate of flow decreases. 
C)  Channel width increases but channel depth decreases. 
D)  Width, depth, and velocity all increase.

Question 11

The $\underline {\text { ultimate } }$ base level is

Accepted Answer

A)  an interior basin. 
B)  a dam. 
C)  sea level. 
D)  all of these 
A)  an interior basin. 
B)  a dam. 
C)  sea level. 
D)  all of these

Question 12

Stream-related processes are termed

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrological. 
B)  geomorphological. 
C)  fluvial. 
D)  erosion. 
A)  hydrological. 
B)  geomorphological. 
C)  fluvial. 
D)  erosion.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of spheroidal weathering?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a physical weathering process. 
B)  It is a type of exfoliation associated with pressure release. 
C)  It attacks the corners and edges of rocks. 
D)  All of these are true. 
A)  It is a physical weathering process. 
B)  It is a type of exfoliation associated with pressure release. 
C)  It attacks the corners and edges of rocks. 
D)  All of these are true.

Question 14

If a landscape is evolving toward a threshold condition, this means that it is approaching a condition of stability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The dynamic equilibrium model of landscape evolution emphasizes a balance among forces, form and process-rather than cyclical stages of development.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The convex upper portion of a typical slope is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  pediment. 
B)  debris slope. 
C)  waxing slope. 
D)  free face. 
A)  pediment. 
B)  debris slope. 
C)  waxing slope. 
D)  free face.

Question 17

Which of the following can initiate hillslope failure?

Accepted Answer

A)  making a roadcut in the side of a hill 
B)  increasing the slope angle 
C)  excessively watering a slope 
D)  all of these 
A)  making a roadcut in the side of a hill 
B)  increasing the slope angle 
C)  excessively watering a slope 
D)  all of these

Question 18

Soil thickness will decrease when soil production rates are greater than soil erosion rates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Karst topography involves the chemical weathering of granite landscapes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Watersheds are defined by

Accepted Answer

A)  continental divides. 
B)  drainage divides. 
C)  stream orders. 
D)  fluvial units. 
A)  continental divides. 
B)  drainage divides. 
C)  stream orders. 
D)  fluvial units.

Exfoliation occurs because

Physical weathering dominates in warm, wet climates.

A landscape in a state of dynamic equilibrium experiences no change.

Soil creep is a natural process sometimes related to a freeze-thaw cycle of soil moisture.

Stream drainage patterns are determined by which of the following?

At any one moment, approximately ________ of fresh water flows through Earth's rivers and streams.

Which of the following is true of the longitudinal profile of most rivers?

Of the world's largest rivers, which has the greatest discharge?

Which of the following rock types is most affected by fluvial solution?

As the discharge of a stream $\underline {\text { increases } }$ , which of the following also happens?

The $\underline {\text { ultimate } }$ base level is

Stream-related processes are termed

Which of the following is true of spheroidal weathering?

If a landscape is evolving toward a threshold condition, this means that it is approaching a condition of stability.

The dynamic equilibrium model of landscape evolution emphasizes a balance among forces, form and process-rather than cyclical stages of development.

The convex upper portion of a typical slope is called a

Which of the following can initiate hillslope failure?

Soil thickness will decrease when soil production rates are greater than soil erosion rates.

Karst topography involves the chemical weathering of granite landscapes.

Watersheds are defined by

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystems and Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

Exam 10: Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Exfoliation occurs because

Physical weathering dominates in warm, wet climates.

A landscape in a state of dynamic equilibrium experiences no change.

Soil creep is a natural process sometimes related to a freeze-thaw cycle of soil moisture.

Stream drainage patterns are determined by which of the following?

At any one moment, approximately ________ of fresh water flows through Earth's rivers and streams.

Which of the following is true of the longitudinal profile of most rivers?

Of the world's largest rivers, which has the greatest discharge?

Which of the following rock types is most affected by fluvial solution?

As the discharge of a stream increases ‾\underline {\text { increases } } increases ​ , which of the following also happens?

The ultimate ‾\underline {\text { ultimate } } ultimate ​ base level is

Stream-related processes are termed

Which of the following is true of spheroidal weathering?

If a landscape is evolving toward a threshold condition, this means that it is approaching a condition of stability.

The dynamic equilibrium model of landscape evolution emphasizes a balance among forces, form and process-rather than cyclical stages of development.

The convex upper portion of a typical slope is called a

Which of the following can initiate hillslope failure?

Soil thickness will decrease when soil production rates are greater than soil erosion rates.

Karst topography involves the chemical weathering of granite landscapes.

Watersheds are defined by

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystems and Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

As the discharge of a stream $\underline {\text { increases } }$ , which of the following also happens?

The $\underline {\text { ultimate } }$ base level is