Question 1

Which of the following is true regarding groundwater?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is unlimited when compared with the amount of surface water supplies. 
B)  When polluted, it is actually easier to clean up than is surface water. 
C)  The total amount of groundwater has been reduced by the mining of water. 
D)  In terms of total amount, it is second to streams in the United States. 
A)  It is unlimited when compared with the amount of surface water supplies. 
B)  When polluted, it is actually easier to clean up than is surface water. 
C)  The total amount of groundwater has been reduced by the mining of water. 
D)  In terms of total amount, it is second to streams in the United States.

Question 2

Gravitational water is associated with soil moisture deficits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The upper limit of water that collects in the zone of saturation is the water table.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Of the following regions, which is most vulnerable to water scarcity?

Accepted Answer

A)  South America 
B)  United States 
C)  India 
D)  China 
A)  South America 
B)  United States 
C)  India 
D)  China

Question 5

Water could be pumped faster from a geologic unit composed of sand than from one composed of clay.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

All plant species have the same amount of water available to them under the same soil moisture conditions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

In order to protect aquifers from pollution, the bottoms of waste dumps should be lined with

Accepted Answer

A)  gravel. 
B)  sand. 
C)  clay. 
D)  soil. 
A)  gravel. 
B)  sand. 
C)  clay. 
D)  soil.

Question 8

Which of the following types of soil would have the most water available for plant use following a rain? (Consider all relevant factors.)

Accepted Answer

A)  sand 
B)  silt 
C)  clay 
A)  sand 
B)  silt 
C)  clay

Question 9

An ________ is a rock layer that is permeable to groundwater flow in significant amounts, whereas an ________ is a body of rock that does not conduct water in usable amounts. Technically, the zone of saturation is an ________, a water-bearing stratum that is not confined by an impermeable overburden. The upper limit of the water that collects in the zone of saturation is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

aquifer; a

Question 10

An aquiclude would make a ________ aquifer because they are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  poor; permeable 
B)  poor; impermeable 
C)  good; permeable 
D)  good; impermeable 
A)  poor; permeable 
B)  poor; impermeable 
C)  good; permeable 
D)  good; impermeable

Question 11

Which of the following would $\underline {\text { decrease }}$ the rate at which evapotranspiration occurs?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased temperatures 
B)  increased wind speed 
C)  increased humidity 
D)  increased water availability 
A)  increased temperatures 
B)  increased wind speed 
C)  increased humidity 
D)  increased water availability

Question 12

Which of the following conditions are necessary for a surplus to exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water is added to the soil when actual evapotranspiration is less than potential evapotranspiration. 
B)  Water is added to the soil when potential evapotranspiration is less than actual evapotranspiration. 
C)  Water is added to the soil when actual evapotranspiration is equal to potential evapotranspiration and the soil is full of moisture. 
D)  Water is added to the soil when the deficit is very small. 
A)  Water is added to the soil when actual evapotranspiration is less than potential evapotranspiration. 
B)  Water is added to the soil when potential evapotranspiration is less than actual evapotranspiration. 
C)  Water is added to the soil when actual evapotranspiration is equal to potential evapotranspiration and the soil is full of moisture. 
D)  Water is added to the soil when the deficit is very small.

Question 13

Clay has a ________ field capacity because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  large; the pores between the particles are bigger 
B)  large; there are more particles (i.e., there is greater surface area) for the water to adhere to 
C)  small; the pores between the particles are bigger 
D)  small; there are fewer particles (i.e., there is less surface area) for the water to adhere to 
A)  large; the pores between the particles are bigger 
B)  large; there are more particles (i.e., there is greater surface area) for the water to adhere to 
C)  small; the pores between the particles are bigger 
D)  small; there are fewer particles (i.e., there is less surface area) for the water to adhere to

Question 14

Which of the following are true?

Accepted Answer

A)  80 countries face impending water shortages. 
B)  1.1 billion people lack access to safe water. 
C)  1.8 billion people lack access to adequate sanitary facilities. 
D)  In the next 50 years, water availability per person is expected to drop by 74%. 
E)  All of the above are true. 
A)  80 countries face impending water shortages. 
B)  1.1 billion people lack access to safe water. 
C)  1.8 billion people lack access to adequate sanitary facilities. 
D)  In the next 50 years, water availability per person is expected to drop by 74%. 
E)  All of the above are true.

Question 15

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Per capita water use in the United States has increased 33% from 1990 to 2000. 
B)  World water supplies per person have shrunk by 1/3 since 1970. 
C)  Canada is facing water shortages. 
D)  Desalination plants are found. 
A)  Per capita water use in the United States has increased 33% from 1990 to 2000. 
B)  World water supplies per person have shrunk by 1/3 since 1970. 
C)  Canada is facing water shortages. 
D)  Desalination plants are found.

Question 16

The term for water that is caught on the surface of vegetation during a rain shower is ________. Some of this water will subsequently run down the branches and trunk of the tree to reach the ground surface by ________. Once on the ground, water will enter the soil in a process known as ________, and will then move downward through the soil as a result of the force of gravity. This movement of soil water under the influence of gravity is called ________.

Accepted Answer

intercepti

Question 17

Which of the following water withdrawal habits do developing nations exhibit?

Accepted Answer

A)  They withdraw equal proportions for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use. 
B)  They withdraw the greatest amounts for the industrial sector. 
C)  They withdraw the greatest amounts for agriculture. 
D)  Their pattern of water usage is very similar to that of the United States. 
A)  They withdraw equal proportions for domestic, agricultural, and industrial use. 
B)  They withdraw the greatest amounts for the industrial sector. 
C)  They withdraw the greatest amounts for agriculture. 
D)  Their pattern of water usage is very similar to that of the United States.

Question 18

The term "cone of depression" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a change in the level of the soil water zone. 
B)  a depression in the water table formed by rapid ground water withdrawal. 
C)  a depression in Earth's surface formed by ground water withdrawal. 
D)  a graphical representation of the decline in the rate of ground water flow as an aquifer dries out. 
A)  a change in the level of the soil water zone. 
B)  a depression in the water table formed by rapid ground water withdrawal. 
C)  a depression in Earth's surface formed by ground water withdrawal. 
D)  a graphical representation of the decline in the rate of ground water flow as an aquifer dries out.

Question 19

Which of the following is a potential consequence of ground water mining?

Accepted Answer

A)  land subsidence and cracked building foundations 
B)  compression of the aquifer, resulting in a permanent loss of water storage capacity 
C)  salt water intrusion 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only 
A)  land subsidence and cracked building foundations 
B)  compression of the aquifer, resulting in a permanent loss of water storage capacity 
C)  salt water intrusion 
D)  all of the above 
E)  A and B only

Question 20

Which of the following would make the best aquifer?

Accepted Answer

A)  uncemented, loosely compacted clay 
B)  cemented sand that was highly compacted 
C)  uncemented sand that is loosely compacted 
D)  cemented gravel that was loosely compacted at the time of cementation 
A)  uncemented, loosely compacted clay 
B)  cemented sand that was highly compacted 
C)  uncemented sand that is loosely compacted 
D)  cemented gravel that was loosely compacted at the time of cementation

Which of the following is true regarding groundwater?

Gravitational water is associated with soil moisture deficits.

The upper limit of water that collects in the zone of saturation is the water table.

Of the following regions, which is most vulnerable to water scarcity?

Water could be pumped faster from a geologic unit composed of sand than from one composed of clay.

All plant species have the same amount of water available to them under the same soil moisture conditions.

In order to protect aquifers from pollution, the bottoms of waste dumps should be lined with

Which of the following types of soil would have the most water available for plant use following a rain? (Consider all relevant factors.)

An aquiclude would make a aquifer because they are .

Which of the following would $\underline {\text { decrease }}$ the rate at which evapotranspiration occurs?

Which of the following conditions are necessary for a surplus to exist?

Clay has a field capacity because .

Which of the following are true?

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following water withdrawal habits do developing nations exhibit?

The term "cone of depression" refers to

Which of the following is a potential consequence of ground water mining?

Which of the following would make the best aquifer?

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystems and Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

Exam 6: Water Resources

Which of the following is true regarding groundwater?

Gravitational water is associated with soil moisture deficits.

The upper limit of water that collects in the zone of saturation is the water table.

Of the following regions, which is most vulnerable to water scarcity?

Water could be pumped faster from a geologic unit composed of sand than from one composed of clay.

All plant species have the same amount of water available to them under the same soil moisture conditions.

In order to protect aquifers from pollution, the bottoms of waste dumps should be lined with

Which of the following types of soil would have the most water available for plant use following a rain? (Consider all relevant factors.)

An aquiclude would make a ________ aquifer because they are ________.

Which of the following would decrease ‾\underline {\text { decrease }} decrease ​ the rate at which evapotranspiration occurs?

Which of the following conditions are necessary for a surplus to exist?

Clay has a ________ field capacity because ________.

Which of the following are true?

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following water withdrawal habits do developing nations exhibit?

The term "cone of depression" refers to

Which of the following is a potential consequence of ground water mining?

Which of the following would make the best aquifer?

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystems and Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

An aquiclude would make a aquifer because they are .

Which of the following would $\underline {\text { decrease }}$ the rate at which evapotranspiration occurs?

Clay has a field capacity because .