Question 1

The Celsius scale

Accepted Answer

A)  is used exclusively in the United States. 
B)  places freezing at 0 degrees and was formerly called centigrade. 
C)  was developed by the British physicist Lord Kelvin. 
D)  was developed by Fahrenheit, who also developed the alcohol and mercury thermometers. 
E)  places freezing at 32 degrees and boiling at 212 degrees. 
A)  is used exclusively in the United States. 
B)  places freezing at 0 degrees and was formerly called centigrade. 
C)  was developed by the British physicist Lord Kelvin. 
D)  was developed by Fahrenheit, who also developed the alcohol and mercury thermometers. 
E)  places freezing at 32 degrees and boiling at 212 degrees.

Question 2

If the temperature at the surface of Earth (at sea level) is 100 degrees F, what is the temperature at 2000 feet if the normal lapse rate is 3.5 degrees F/1000 feet?

Accepted Answer

A)  93 degrees F 
B)  96.5 degrees F 
C)  103.5 degrees F 
D)  107 degrees F 
A)  93 degrees F 
B)  96.5 degrees F 
C)  103.5 degrees F 
D)  107 degrees F

Question 3

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Winnipeg - continentality 
B)  Vancouver - marine 
C)  Trondheim - continentality 
D)  Verkhoyansk - continentality 
E)  Wichita - continentality 
A)  Winnipeg - continentality 
B)  Vancouver - marine 
C)  Trondheim - continentality 
D)  Verkhoyansk - continentality 
E)  Wichita - continentality

Question 4

The greatest annual temperature ranges are characteristic of places like

Accepted Answer

A)  Los Angeles and Vancouver. 
B)  Los Angeles and London. 
C)  Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon. 
D)  Santa Fe and Kansas City. 
A)  Los Angeles and Vancouver. 
B)  Los Angeles and London. 
C)  Verkhoyansk and Oymyakon. 
D)  Santa Fe and Kansas City.

Question 5

Based on information discussed previously in the course, you know that average temperatures in the troposphere ________ with $\underline {  \text { increasing }  }$ elevation because the atmosphere is heated ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase; from the top-down by insolation 
B)  increase; from the top-down by energy emitted from the stratosphere 
C)  decrease; from the bottom-up by reflected insolation 
D)  decrease; from the bottom-up by terrestrial infrared energy 
A)  increase; from the top-down by insolation 
B)  increase; from the top-down by energy emitted from the stratosphere 
C)  decrease; from the bottom-up by reflected insolation 
D)  decrease; from the bottom-up by terrestrial infrared energy

Question 6

6.4C degrees/1000 m (3.5F degrees/1000 ft) refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  a latitudinal lapse rate. 
B)  a normal lapse rate. 
C)  an environmental lapse rate. 
D)  a measure of air pressure. 
A)  a latitudinal lapse rate. 
B)  a normal lapse rate. 
C)  an environmental lapse rate. 
D)  a measure of air pressure.

Question 7

Which of the following results from the fact that there is movement (currents) in heat transferring media?

Accepted Answer

A)  Heat energy is more evenly distributed in soil and rock than in water. 
B)  Heat energy tends to concentrate in one spot. 
C)  Warmer and cooler water mix, thereby spreading heat over a greater volume. 
D)  None of the above-currents have no effect on either land or water body temperatures. 
A)  Heat energy is more evenly distributed in soil and rock than in water. 
B)  Heat energy tends to concentrate in one spot. 
C)  Warmer and cooler water mix, thereby spreading heat over a greater volume. 
D)  None of the above-currents have no effect on either land or water body temperatures.

Question 8

Which of the following is$\underline {   \text { not } }$ responsible for the urban heating effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  The materials cities are constructed from conduct heat better than natural soils. 
B)  The materials cities are constructed from store heat better than natural soils. 
C)  The albedo of urban environments is substantially higher than that of natural landscapes. 
D)  The concentration of people, machines and heat generating devices adds more heat to the environment. 
E)  Less evaporation occurs from city surfaces. 
A)  The materials cities are constructed from conduct heat better than natural soils. 
B)  The materials cities are constructed from store heat better than natural soils. 
C)  The albedo of urban environments is substantially higher than that of natural landscapes. 
D)  The concentration of people, machines and heat generating devices adds more heat to the environment. 
E)  Less evaporation occurs from city surfaces.

Question 9

Which of the following is not associated with urban environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  higher relative humidity than that in surrounding rural areas 
B)  greatly increased condensation nuclei relative to surrounding rural areas 
C)  increased precipitation relative to surrounding rural areas 
D)  lower annual mean wind speeds relative to surrounding rural areas 
A)  higher relative humidity than that in surrounding rural areas 
B)  greatly increased condensation nuclei relative to surrounding rural areas 
C)  increased precipitation relative to surrounding rural areas 
D)  lower annual mean wind speeds relative to surrounding rural areas

Question 10

Sensible heat transfer (H) refers to energy transfer between the air and the surface by

Accepted Answer

A)  turbulent eddies, convection, and conduction. 
B)  evaporation of water. 
C)  reflection of insolation. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  turbulent eddies, convection, and conduction. 
B)  evaporation of water. 
C)  reflection of insolation. 
D)  all of the above

Question 11

The relationship between the insolation curve and the air temperature curve on a graph of daily surface energy

Accepted Answer

A)  exhibits a lag of several hours between the plotted lines. 
B)  shows little or no relationship between the two variables. 
C)  shows that peak temperatures occur near noon, whereas peak insolation receipt is at 3:00 or 4:00 P.M. 
D)  coincide at noon. 
A)  exhibits a lag of several hours between the plotted lines. 
B)  shows little or no relationship between the two variables. 
C)  shows that peak temperatures occur near noon, whereas peak insolation receipt is at 3:00 or 4:00 P.M. 
D)  coincide at noon.

Question 12

Heat energy can be transferred through: ________; ________; ________; and ________.

Accepted Answer

conduction

Question 13

Evaporation

Accepted Answer

A)  tends to increase temperatures over land. 
B)  tends to lower temperatures more over water bodies than over land. 
C)  tends to increase the temperature over water. 
D)  affects land more than ocean surfaces. 
E)  affects the temperature of land surfaces and water bodies the same amount. 
A)  tends to increase temperatures over land. 
B)  tends to lower temperatures more over water bodies than over land. 
C)  tends to increase the temperature over water. 
D)  affects land more than ocean surfaces. 
E)  affects the temperature of land surfaces and water bodies the same amount.

Question 14

Which term in the radiation balance equation links Earth's energy, hydrological, and biological systems?

Accepted Answer

A)  albedo 
B)  sensible heat 
C)  latent heat of evaporation 
D)  infrared energy emitted from the ground 
A)  albedo 
B)  sensible heat 
C)  latent heat of evaporation 
D)  infrared energy emitted from the ground

Question 15

When light passes from space into the atmosphere, it changes ________ in a process known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  color; reflection 
B)  color; refraction 
C)  color; Rayleigh scattering 
D)  speed and direction; reflection 
E)  speed and direction; refraction 
A)  color; reflection 
B)  color; refraction 
C)  color; Rayleigh scattering 
D)  speed and direction; reflection 
E)  speed and direction; refraction

Question 16

A vertical air current that is generated by temperature-induced density differences is an example of heat transfer by

Accepted Answer

A)  advection. 
B)  convection. 
C)  conduction. 
D)  transmission. 
E)  diffusion. 
A)  advection. 
B)  convection. 
C)  conduction. 
D)  transmission. 
E)  diffusion.

Question 17

The ocean temperature rarely rises above 31 degrees C (88 degrees

Accepted Answer

A)  positive; evaporation 
B)  positive; ocean currents 
C)  negative; evaporation 
D)  negative; ocean currents 
E)  because of ________ feedback caused by ________. 
A)  positive; evaporation 
B)  positive; ocean currents 
C)  negative; evaporation 
D)  negative; ocean currents 
E)  because of ________ feedback caused by ________.

Question 18

If the Gulf Stream shifted away from Iceland and England, winter temperatures in these locations would

Accepted Answer

A)  become cooler, thereby decreasing the average winter temperature. 
B)  become warmer, thereby increasing the average winter temperature. 
C)  remain the same. 
D)  It is impossible to say what would happen to the winter temperatures. 
A)  become cooler, thereby decreasing the average winter temperature. 
B)  become warmer, thereby increasing the average winter temperature. 
C)  remain the same. 
D)  It is impossible to say what would happen to the winter temperatures.

Question 19

The Western Pacific Warm Pool

Accepted Answer

A)  averages 20 degrees to 22 degrees C (68 degrees to 72 degrees F). 
B)  is located around the Hawaiian Islands. 
C)  averages 28 degrees to 30 degrees C (82 degrees to 86 degrees F) and is measured both by satellite and surface instruments. 
D)  is not the region of the highest average ocean temperatures in the world. 
A)  averages 20 degrees to 22 degrees C (68 degrees to 72 degrees F). 
B)  is located around the Hawaiian Islands. 
C)  averages 28 degrees to 30 degrees C (82 degrees to 86 degrees F) and is measured both by satellite and surface instruments. 
D)  is not the region of the highest average ocean temperatures in the world.

Question 20

Based on information discussed earlier in the course, you know that seasonal variation in daylength ________ with $\underline {  \text { increasing }  }$ distance from the equator because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreases; Earth rotates more slowly near the poles 
B)  decreases; Earth's axis is titled relative to the plane of the ecliptic 
C)  increases; Earth rotates more slowly near the poles 
D)  increases; Earth's axis is titled relative to the plane of the ecliptic 
E)  remains constant throughout the year; Earth is a sphere 
A)  decreases; Earth rotates more slowly near the poles 
B)  decreases; Earth's axis is titled relative to the plane of the ecliptic 
C)  increases; Earth rotates more slowly near the poles 
D)  increases; Earth's axis is titled relative to the plane of the ecliptic 
E)  remains constant throughout the year; Earth is a sphere

The Celsius scale

If the temperature at the surface of Earth (at sea level) is 100 degrees F, what is the temperature at 2000 feet if the normal lapse rate is 3.5 degrees F/1000 feet?

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

The greatest annual temperature ranges are characteristic of places like

Based on information discussed previously in the course, you know that average temperatures in the troposphere with $\underline { \text { increasing } }$ elevation because the atmosphere is heated .

6.4C degrees/1000 m (3.5F degrees/1000 ft) refers to

Which of the following results from the fact that there is movement (currents) in heat transferring media?

Which of the following is $\underline { \text { not } }$ responsible for the urban heating effect?

Which of the following is not associated with urban environments?

Sensible heat transfer (H) refers to energy transfer between the air and the surface by

The relationship between the insolation curve and the air temperature curve on a graph of daily surface energy

Heat energy can be transferred through: ; ; ; and .

Evaporation

Which term in the radiation balance equation links Earth's energy, hydrological, and biological systems?

When light passes from space into the atmosphere, it changes in a process known as .

A vertical air current that is generated by temperature-induced density differences is an example of heat transfer by

The ocean temperature rarely rises above 31 degrees C (88 degrees

If the Gulf Stream shifted away from Iceland and England, winter temperatures in these locations would

The Western Pacific Warm Pool

Based on information discussed earlier in the course, you know that seasonal variation in daylength with $\underline { \text { increasing } }$ distance from the equator because .

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystems and Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

Exam 3: Atmospheric Energy and Global Temperatures

The Celsius scale

If the temperature at the surface of Earth (at sea level) is 100 degrees F, what is the temperature at 2000 feet if the normal lapse rate is 3.5 degrees F/1000 feet?

Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

The greatest annual temperature ranges are characteristic of places like

Based on information discussed previously in the course, you know that average temperatures in the troposphere ________ with increasing ‾\underline { \text { increasing } } increasing ​ elevation because the atmosphere is heated ________.

6.4C degrees/1000 m (3.5F degrees/1000 ft) refers to

Which of the following results from the fact that there is movement (currents) in heat transferring media?

Which of the following is not ‾\underline { \text { not } } not ​ responsible for the urban heating effect?

Which of the following is not associated with urban environments?

Sensible heat transfer (H) refers to energy transfer between the air and the surface by

The relationship between the insolation curve and the air temperature curve on a graph of daily surface energy

Heat energy can be transferred through: ________; ________; ________; and ________.

Evaporation

Which term in the radiation balance equation links Earth's energy, hydrological, and biological systems?

When light passes from space into the atmosphere, it changes ________ in a process known as ________.

A vertical air current that is generated by temperature-induced density differences is an example of heat transfer by

The ocean temperature rarely rises above 31 degrees C (88 degrees

If the Gulf Stream shifted away from Iceland and England, winter temperatures in these locations would

The Western Pacific Warm Pool

Based on information discussed earlier in the course, you know that seasonal variation in daylength ________ with increasing ‾\underline { \text { increasing } } increasing ​ distance from the equator because ________.

Foundations of Geography

Solar Energy, Seasons, and the Atmosphere

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation

Atmospheric Water and Weather

Water Resources

Global Climate Systems

The Dynamic Planet

Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

Wind Processes and Desert Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Penglacial Landscapes

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystems and Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

Based on information discussed previously in the course, you know that average temperatures in the troposphere with $\underline { \text { increasing } }$ elevation because the atmosphere is heated .

Which of the following is $\underline { \text { not } }$ responsible for the urban heating effect?

Heat energy can be transferred through: ; ; ; and .

When light passes from space into the atmosphere, it changes in a process known as .

Based on information discussed earlier in the course, you know that seasonal variation in daylength with $\underline { \text { increasing } }$ distance from the equator because .