Question 1

Septal defects produce a distinct:

Accepted Answer

A)  Low-pitched systolic heart murmur 
B)  High-pitched systolic heart murmur 
C)  Low-pitched diastolic heart murmur 
D)  High-pitched diastolic heart murmur 
E)  Absence of sound during the systolic phase of contraction 
A)  Low-pitched systolic heart murmur 
B)  High-pitched systolic heart murmur 
C)  Low-pitched diastolic heart murmur 
D)  High-pitched diastolic heart murmur 
E)  Absence of sound during the systolic phase of contraction B

Question 2

The patient presents with edema in the lower extremities,ascites,dyspnea with activity,and inability to concentrate.You suspect the patient is suffering from:

Accepted Answer

A)  Myocardial infarction 
B)  Congestive heart failure 
C)  Ventricular aneurysm 
D)  Severe hypertension 
E)  Angina pectoris 
A)  Myocardial infarction 
B)  Congestive heart failure 
C)  Ventricular aneurysm 
D)  Severe hypertension 
E)  Angina pectoris B

Question 3

Which of the following represent iatrogenic heart lesions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alcoholic endocarditis 
B)  Radiation-induced heart attacks 
C)  Doxorubicin-induced heart attacks 
D)  Digitalis toxicity 
E)  Precardiotomy pericarditis 
A)  Alcoholic endocarditis 
B)  Radiation-induced heart attacks 
C)  Doxorubicin-induced heart attacks 
D)  Digitalis toxicity 
E)  Precardiotomy pericarditis D

Question 4

Infarction of the posterior half of the interventricular septum is caused by an occlusion of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Main trunk of the left coronary artery 
B)  Anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery 
C)  Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery 
D)  Right coronary artery 
E)  Coronary sinus 
A)  Main trunk of the left coronary artery 
B)  Anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery 
C)  Circumflex branch of the left coronary artery 
D)  Right coronary artery 
E)  Coronary sinus

Question 5

Atherosclerotic aneurysms are most often located in the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Coronary arteries 
B)  Ascending aorta 
C)  Thoracic aorta 
D)  Abdominal aorta 
E)  Iliac arteries 
A)  Coronary arteries 
B)  Ascending aorta 
C)  Thoracic aorta 
D)  Abdominal aorta 
E)  Iliac arteries

Question 6

Atherosclerotic narrowing of which artery causes hypertension?

Accepted Answer

A)  Middle cerebral artery 
B)  Anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery 
C)  Right coronary artery 
D)  Renal artery 
E)  Femoral artery 
A)  Middle cerebral artery 
B)  Anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery 
C)  Right coronary artery 
D)  Renal artery 
E)  Femoral artery

Question 7

The most common complication of rheumatic endocarditis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacterial endocarditis 
B)  Viral endocarditis 
C)  Fungal myocarditis 
D)  Parasitic endocarditis 
E)  Pulmonary embolism 
A)  Bacterial endocarditis 
B)  Viral endocarditis 
C)  Fungal myocarditis 
D)  Parasitic endocarditis 
E)  Pulmonary embolism

Question 8

In the diastolic phase,the right side of the heart is filled with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Peripheral venous blood 
B)  Pulmonary venous blood 
C)  Peripheral arterial blood 
D)  Pulmonary arterial blood 
E)  A mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood 
A)  Peripheral venous blood 
B)  Pulmonary venous blood 
C)  Peripheral arterial blood 
D)  Pulmonary arterial blood 
E)  A mixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood

Question 9

Which of the following has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regular exercise 
B)  Alcohol 
C)  Cigarette smoking 
D)  Aspirin 
E)  Antihypertensive drugs 
A)  Regular exercise 
B)  Alcohol 
C)  Cigarette smoking 
D)  Aspirin 
E)  Antihypertensive drugs

Question 10

Lymph fluid is different than blood because it contains:

Accepted Answer

A)  Red blood cells and white blood cells 
B)  Red blood cells and clotting factors 
C)  Red blood cells only 
D)  White blood cells only 
E)  Clotting factors only 
A)  Red blood cells and white blood cells 
B)  Red blood cells and clotting factors 
C)  Red blood cells only 
D)  White blood cells only 
E)  Clotting factors only

Question 11

The medical term for chest pain is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Infarct 
B)  Ischemia 
C)  Myocardial infarct 
D)  Hypertension 
E)  Angina pectoris 
A)  Infarct 
B)  Ischemia 
C)  Myocardial infarct 
D)  Hypertension 
E)  Angina pectoris

Question 12

Myocardial infarction is accompanied by typical biochemical changes.Elevation of which enzyme in the blood occurs first after the occlusion of a coronary artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alanine aminotransferase 
B)  Aspartate aminotransferase 
C)  Creatine kinase 
D)  Lactate dehydrogenase 
E)  Acid phosphatase 
A)  Alanine aminotransferase 
B)  Aspartate aminotransferase 
C)  Creatine kinase 
D)  Lactate dehydrogenase 
E)  Acid phosphatase

Question 13

Atherosclerosis of the brain arteries is the most common cause of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Angina pectoris 
B)  Coronary vascular accidents 
C)  Cerebrovascular accidents 
D)  Hypertension 
E)  Myocardial infarctions 
A)  Angina pectoris 
B)  Coronary vascular accidents 
C)  Cerebrovascular accidents 
D)  Hypertension 
E)  Myocardial infarctions

Question 14

The most common form of arterial hypertension is considered to be:

Accepted Answer

A)  Essential or idiopathic 
B)  Caused by kidney disease 
C)  Caused by adrenal cortical hyperactivity 
D)  Secondary to adrenal medullar tumors 
E)  Secondary to narrowing of the aorta 
A)  Essential or idiopathic 
B)  Caused by kidney disease 
C)  Caused by adrenal cortical hyperactivity 
D)  Secondary to adrenal medullar tumors 
E)  Secondary to narrowing of the aorta

Question 15

Which of the following organs helps regulate arterial blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Kidneys 
B)  Heart 
C)  Spleen 
D)  Liver 
E)  Brain 
A)  Kidneys 
B)  Heart 
C)  Spleen 
D)  Liver 
E)  Brain

Question 16

What is the most common congenital heart defect recognized in clinical practice?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interatrial septal defect 
B)  Interventricular septal defect 
C)  Tetralogy of Fallot 
D)  Transposition of great vessels 
E)  Coarctation of the aorta 
A)  Interatrial septal defect 
B)  Interventricular septal defect 
C)  Tetralogy of Fallot 
D)  Transposition of great vessels 
E)  Coarctation of the aorta

Question 17

Rheumatic carditis is typically preceded by:

Accepted Answer

A)  Streptococcal throat infection 
B)  Staphylococcal skin infection 
C)  Gonococcal arthritis 
D)  Coxsackie B virus myositis 
E)  Influenza 
A)  Streptococcal throat infection 
B)  Staphylococcal skin infection 
C)  Gonococcal arthritis 
D)  Coxsackie B virus myositis 
E)  Influenza

Question 18

The most common cause of infectious myocarditis in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxoplasma gondii 
B)  Trypanosoma cruzi 
C)  Coxsackie B virus 
D)  Treponema pallidum 
E)  Streptococcus pneumoniae 
A)  Toxoplasma gondii 
B)  Trypanosoma cruzi 
C)  Coxsackie B virus 
D)  Treponema pallidum 
E)  Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 19

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a vein and artery?

Accepted Answer

A)  Veins have thicker walls than arteries. 
B)  Venous circulation requires high pressure volume for the blood to travel back to the heart. 
C)  Veins have valves that hinder the backflow of blood. 
D)  Arteries have valves that hinder the backflow of blood. 
E)  Arterial circulation does not require high pressure because of the elasticity of blood vessels. 
A)  Veins have thicker walls than arteries. 
B)  Venous circulation requires high pressure volume for the blood to travel back to the heart. 
C)  Veins have valves that hinder the backflow of blood. 
D)  Arteries have valves that hinder the backflow of blood. 
E)  Arterial circulation does not require high pressure because of the elasticity of blood vessels.

Question 20

Intermittent claudication is caused by atherosclerosis of the:

Accepted Answer

A)  Carotid artery 
B)  Subclavian artery 
C)  Splenic artery 
D)  Renal artery 
E)  Popliteal artery 
A)  Carotid artery 
B)  Subclavian artery 
C)  Splenic artery 
D)  Renal artery 
E)  Popliteal artery

Exam 7: The Cardiovascular System

Septal defects produce a distinct:

The patient presents with edema in the lower extremities,ascites,dyspnea with activity,and inability to concentrate.You suspect the patient is suffering from:

Which of the following represent iatrogenic heart lesions?

Infarction of the posterior half of the interventricular septum is caused by an occlusion of the:

Atherosclerotic aneurysms are most often located in the:

Atherosclerotic narrowing of which artery causes hypertension?

The most common complication of rheumatic endocarditis is:

In the diastolic phase,the right side of the heart is filled with:

Which of the following has been implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis?

Lymph fluid is different than blood because it contains:

The medical term for chest pain is:

Myocardial infarction is accompanied by typical biochemical changes.Elevation of which enzyme in the blood occurs first after the occlusion of a coronary artery?

Atherosclerosis of the brain arteries is the most common cause of:

The most common form of arterial hypertension is considered to be:

Which of the following organs helps regulate arterial blood pressure?

What is the most common congenital heart defect recognized in clinical practice?

Rheumatic carditis is typically preceded by:

The most common cause of infectious myocarditis in the United States is:

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between a vein and artery?

Intermittent claudication is caused by atherosclerosis of the:

Cell Pathology

Inflammation

Immunopathology

Neoplasia

Genetic and Developmental Diseases

Fluid and Hemodynamic Disorders

The Respiratory System

The Hematopoietic and Lymphoid System

The Gastrointestinal System

The Liver and Biliary System

The Pancreas

The Urinary Tract

The Male Reproductive System

The Female Reproductive System

The Breast

The Endocrine System

The Skin

Bones and Joints

Muscles and Peripheral Nerves

The Nervous System

The Eye

The Ear

Filters