Question 1

The central dogma of the behaviourist approach was that only ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  observable events could be studied 
B)  humans could be used for memory research 
C)  mathematical models could explain behaviour 
D)  if engrams in neural substrates could be shown memory could be investigated 
A)  observable events could be studied 
B)  humans could be used for memory research 
C)  mathematical models could explain behaviour 
D)  if engrams in neural substrates could be shown memory could be investigated A

Question 2

Which contribution(s) of behaviourists is/are still relevant today?

Accepted Answer

The methodological rigour that was developed during the behaviourist era in order for a behaviourist to conclude, with confidence, that the observed change in behaviour was the result of the experimental manipulation, helped legitimize psychology in the realm of science and remains a crucial element of quality memory research to this day

Question 3

The work of Ebbinghaus is still relevant to memory studies because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  he used extensively and successfully animals as study subjects 
B)  he proposed a relationship between sleep and learning 
C)  he invented nonsense syllables as tools for memory work 
D)  he invented nonsense syllables and control groups, and separated from treated groups, as research tools 
A)  he used extensively and successfully animals as study subjects 
B)  he proposed a relationship between sleep and learning 
C)  he invented nonsense syllables as tools for memory work 
D)  he invented nonsense syllables and control groups, and separated from treated groups, as research tools D

Question 4

The difference between physical and cognitive skills is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive skills require strategizing while physical skills involve movement 
B)  cognitive skills do not use any movement, in contrast to physical skills 
C)  physical skills are not learned, in contrast to cognitive skills 
D)  cognitive skills are hereditary, in contrast to physical skills 
A)  cognitive skills require strategizing while physical skills involve movement 
B)  cognitive skills do not use any movement, in contrast to physical skills 
C)  physical skills are not learned, in contrast to cognitive skills 
D)  cognitive skills are hereditary, in contrast to physical skills

Question 5

The memory deficit induced by a lesion in Wernicke's area is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the forgetting of the emotional context for an event 
B)  the inability to understand the meaning of words 
C)  a linguistic loss of grammar rules 
D)  amnesia for second languages 
A)  the forgetting of the emotional context for an event 
B)  the inability to understand the meaning of words 
C)  a linguistic loss of grammar rules 
D)  amnesia for second languages

Question 6

Why is Plato's philosophy important in memory research?

Accepted Answer

He proposed the first model fo

Question 7

In what ways is the work of Francis Gall still relevant today?

Accepted Answer

He forcefully and influentiall

Question 8

Plato believed that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  memory can be described by a "wax tablet," on which words can be carved 
B)  observation is more important than reasoning 
C)  knowledge can only derive from observation 
D)  memory is formed when items are closely linked in space or time 
A)  memory can be described by a "wax tablet," on which words can be carved 
B)  observation is more important than reasoning 
C)  knowledge can only derive from observation 
D)  memory is formed when items are closely linked in space or time

Question 9

The phenomenon of long-term potentiation ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is observed across every brain structure 
B)  can be observed in a single neuron 
C)  does not require AMPA and NMDA receptors 
D)  is a persistent strengthening of a synapse 
A)  is observed across every brain structure 
B)  can be observed in a single neuron 
C)  does not require AMPA and NMDA receptors 
D)  is a persistent strengthening of a synapse

Question 10

The "system approach" to the study of memory ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proposes a systematic approach to the study of memory 
B)  does not assume that dedicated neural structures are required for each memory system 
C)  believes that distinct memory systems, independently supported by dedicated neural structures, operate in the brain 
D)  does not imply that the proposed memory system must be functionally incompatible or distinct 
A)  proposes a systematic approach to the study of memory 
B)  does not assume that dedicated neural structures are required for each memory system 
C)  believes that distinct memory systems, independently supported by dedicated neural structures, operate in the brain 
D)  does not imply that the proposed memory system must be functionally incompatible or distinct

Question 11

Aristotle was the first to introduce ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the distinction between implicit and explicit memories 
B)  the distinction between semantic and episodic memories 
C)  both the distinction between implicit/explicit and that between semantic/episodic memories 
D)  the method of loci 
A)  the distinction between implicit and explicit memories 
B)  the distinction between semantic and episodic memories 
C)  both the distinction between implicit/explicit and that between semantic/episodic memories 
D)  the method of loci

Question 12

Donald Hebb envisioned the process of memory formation as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a rapid buildup of neural changes 
B)  a two-step process, in which experiences first induce structural neural changes, followed by a permanent change in electrical activity 
C)  a specific, localized alteration of brain chemistry 
D)  a two-step process, in which experiences first induce a transient, reverberating electrical activity in the brain, followed by a consolidation period 
A)  a rapid buildup of neural changes 
B)  a two-step process, in which experiences first induce structural neural changes, followed by a permanent change in electrical activity 
C)  a specific, localized alteration of brain chemistry 
D)  a two-step process, in which experiences first induce a transient, reverberating electrical activity in the brain, followed by a consolidation period

Question 13

Penfield's homunculus is important because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  it established beyond reasonable doubt that brain function can be precisely localized 
B)  it is fixed, therefore it ruled out that memory can be localized 
C)  it provides a vivid illustration for textbooks 
D)  for the first time showed differences in functional organization between male and females brain 
A)  it established beyond reasonable doubt that brain function can be precisely localized 
B)  it is fixed, therefore it ruled out that memory can be localized 
C)  it provides a vivid illustration for textbooks 
D)  for the first time showed differences in functional organization between male and females brain

Question 14

The main contribution of the "Gestalt" psychology school to modern psychology is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the discovery of the difference between physical and cognitive skills 
B)  the discovery of the phenomenon of "transfer" 
C)  having stressed the importance of internal organization of materials in memory development 
D)  the use of the "information theory" in memory studies 
A)  the discovery of the difference between physical and cognitive skills 
B)  the discovery of the phenomenon of "transfer" 
C)  having stressed the importance of internal organization of materials in memory development 
D)  the use of the "information theory" in memory studies

Question 15

The "principle approach" to the study of memory ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  points to the importance of the seven principles in memory, as illustrated by Neath and Surprenant 
B)  does not assume that memory is constructive in nature 
C)  does not believes that tasks that require information about the context in which a memory was learned will be more susceptible to interference or forgetting 
D)  points to the importance of ethical principles while conducting memory research in both human and non-human animals 
A)  points to the importance of the seven principles in memory, as illustrated by Neath and Surprenant 
B)  does not assume that memory is constructive in nature 
C)  does not believes that tasks that require information about the context in which a memory was learned will be more susceptible to interference or forgetting 
D)  points to the importance of ethical principles while conducting memory research in both human and non-human animals

Question 16

Why did Karl Lashley fail to localize the memory engrams?

Accepted Answer

Students should be invited to read some

Question 17

Francis Gall is famous because he________.

Accepted Answer

A)  proposed that specific functions, including memory, are localized to specific areas of the brain 
B)  discovered the brain areas of language 
C)  identified the cortical visual areas 
D)  proposed the engrams as neural traces of memory 
A)  proposed that specific functions, including memory, are localized to specific areas of the brain 
B)  discovered the brain areas of language 
C)  identified the cortical visual areas 
D)  proposed the engrams as neural traces of memory

Question 18

How do neurons work to transmit information in the brain? How do they get modified to store memories?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are specialized cells of the bra

Question 19

The work of Charles Darwin had a revolutionary impact on society because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  it considered humans with a fundamental identity and in continuity with other animals 
B)  it described fundamental experiments on memory 
C)  it demonstrated that also animals possess memory 
D)  it was not accepted by the religious authorities 
A)  it considered humans with a fundamental identity and in continuity with other animals 
B)  it described fundamental experiments on memory 
C)  it demonstrated that also animals possess memory 
D)  it was not accepted by the religious authorities

Question 20

The medial temporal lobes are crucial for memory, as illustrated by the H.M. case. Structure that are part of the medial temporal lobes do not include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the dentate gyrus 
B)  the cingulate gyrus 
C)  the subiculum 
D)  the perirhinal cortex 
A)  the dentate gyrus 
B)  the cingulate gyrus 
C)  the subiculum 
D)  the perirhinal cortex

The central dogma of the behaviourist approach was that only ________.

Which contribution(s) of behaviourists is/are still relevant today?

The work of Ebbinghaus is still relevant to memory studies because ________.

The difference between physical and cognitive skills is ________.

The memory deficit induced by a lesion in Wernicke's area is ________.

Why is Plato's philosophy important in memory research?

In what ways is the work of Francis Gall still relevant today?

Plato believed that ________.

The phenomenon of long-term potentiation ________.

The "system approach" to the study of memory ________.

Aristotle was the first to introduce ________.

Donald Hebb envisioned the process of memory formation as ________.

Penfield's homunculus is important because ________.

The main contribution of the "Gestalt" psychology school to modern psychology is ________.

The "principle approach" to the study of memory ________.

Why did Karl Lashley fail to localize the memory engrams?

Francis Gall is famous because he________.

How do neurons work to transmit information in the brain? How do they get modified to store memories?

The work of Charles Darwin had a revolutionary impact on society because ________.

The medial temporal lobes are crucial for memory, as illustrated by the H.M. case. Structure that are part of the medial temporal lobes do not include ________.

Sensory Persistence and Information Persistence

Short-Term Memory and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Explicit and Implicit Memory

Episodic Memory and Autobiographical Memory

Generic Memory

Forgetting

Memory Across the Lifespan

Memory and Our Social Selves

Memory and the Law

Memory and the Marketplace

Memory, the Body, and Health

Exceptional Memory, Mnemonics, and Expertise

Filters

Exam 1: The Study of Memory

The central dogma of the behaviourist approach was that only ________.

Which contribution(s) of behaviourists is/are still relevant today?

The work of Ebbinghaus is still relevant to memory studies because ________.

The difference between physical and cognitive skills is ________.

The memory deficit induced by a lesion in Wernicke's area is ________.

Why is Plato's philosophy important in memory research?

In what ways is the work of Francis Gall still relevant today?

Plato believed that ________.

The phenomenon of long-term potentiation ________.

The "system approach" to the study of memory ________.

Aristotle was the first to introduce ________.

Donald Hebb envisioned the process of memory formation as ________.

Penfield's homunculus is important because ________.

The main contribution of the "Gestalt" psychology school to modern psychology is ________.

The "principle approach" to the study of memory ________.

Why did Karl Lashley fail to localize the memory engrams?

Francis Gall is famous because he________.

How do neurons work to transmit information in the brain? How do they get modified to store memories?

The work of Charles Darwin had a revolutionary impact on society because ________.

The medial temporal lobes are crucial for memory, as illustrated by the H.M. case. Structure that are part of the medial temporal lobes do not include ________.

Sensory Persistence and Information Persistence

Short-Term Memory and Working Memory

Long-Term Memory

Explicit and Implicit Memory

Episodic Memory and Autobiographical Memory

Generic Memory

Forgetting

Memory Across the Lifespan

Memory and Our Social Selves

Memory and the Law

Memory and the Marketplace

Memory, the Body, and Health

Exceptional Memory, Mnemonics, and Expertise

Filters