Exam 8: The Natural Environment: Global Warming, Pollution, Resource Depletion, and Sustainable Development

Under which of the following circumstances is a negotiated solution to an environmental problem least likely?

The Kyoto Protocol imposed legally binding reduction targets for greenhouse gases in developed and transition economies in 1997.

Conventional economics looked on environmental problems as: (Please select all that apply.)

Oil, natural gas, and coal are fossil fuels and non-renewable sources of energy.

The 'Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare' (ISEW) per head has historically grown at a faster rate than the index of standard of living based on GDP per head.

The 'greenhouse effect' refers to the trapping of heat between the Earth's surface and gases in the atmosphere, especially carbon dioxide.

When we talk about 'green marketing' we are emphasizing:

The main problem with the use of environmental taxes is that:

The Earth Charter is a legally binding global agreement establishing minimum environmental standards.

Road charging can be regarded as a market-based policy instrument directed towards reducing traffic congestion and its attendant environmental costs.

The Brundtland Report in 1987 provided the most widely cited definition of sustainable development, namely development which meets the needs of the present, without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

A move towards environmental taxes is in line with the 'polluter pays' principle.

Possible consequences of global warming are: (Please select all that apply.)

The least relevant reason for business to be interested in sustainable development in the following list is:

Genetic diversity refers to the variety of species within a habitat (e.g. rainforests) or a region.

When we talk about 'sustainable business' we mean that:

Which of the following gases are greenhouse gases? Please select all that apply.

Key features of current environmental problems are: (Please select all that apply.)

Given the nature of current global environmental problems, possible scenarios of what might happen in the next 5-10 years are: (Please select all that apply.)

ISO 14001 is a means by which the International Standardization Organization certifies companies which breach specified environmental standards.