Exam 23: Refugees and International Development Policy and Practice

Discuss some examples of new approaches to the link between refugees and development after 2015.

Approximately 80 per cent of the world's 71 million displaced persons are to be found in the Global South.

With the support of key donor states, host states, and actors such as the World Bank, new models were developed in countries such as Jordan to avoid the influx of refugees from Syria.

The 1969 Organisation of African Unity (OAU) Convention Governing the Specific Aspects of Refugee Problems in Africa includes the 1951 Convention definition, plus an additional provision that includes _________________ in the term refugee.

European responses to arrivals of refugees have been chaotic and uncoordinated.

The World Bank is now able to provide support to low- and middle-income countries hosting large refugee populations.

In 2018 there were approximately _____________ asylum seekers in the world.

Nationalism and colonialism _______________.

Describe the situation of refugees in the Global South after the Cold War. What was the position of the North? Give some examples of responses in the Global South.

Why did the link between refugees and development become more complex in the 1980s and 1990s?

Thanks to mechanisms at the level of the European Union to foster cooperation, states in northern and eastern Europe sought to open their borders to refugees who had arrived in Italy and Greece.

The shut-down of national economies because of COVID-19 has disproportionately affected refugees across the Global South.

There have been concerns about the spread of the COVID-19 among densely populated refugee camps and urban areas, so state responses on the well-being of refugees have been fast and effective.

The development of special economic zones leads to the commodification of refugees and can ultimately constrain the rights of refugees by relegating them to low-paid sectors of the economy.

European centres for refugees lacked reliable access to shelter and sanitation, as well as the legal process to help refugees claim asylum.

What were the main elements of the Regional Refugee and Resilience Plan for Syria?

Tanzania's approach to refugees was known as ____________.

As many as 200 million people may be displaced by climate change by which of the following?

Events in Europe in 2015 provided the most striking evidence of the historical success of two decades of efforts to contain refugees in their regions of origin.

Soon after the New York Declaration, the World Bank announced a cut of US$2 billion initiative for refugees and host communities.