Exam 4: Estimating Evolutionary Trees

The use of phylogenetic trees in answering questions about the spatial distribution of living things is called ________.

________ evolution is the independent evolution of similar derived characters in different lineages.

In constructing phylogenetic trees,it is useful to think of monophyletic groups as being defined by ________.

Complications in constructing phylogenetic trees due to reversals and convergent evolution are known collectively as ________.

The label "1" in the accompanying figure represents ________.

A preexisting,ancestral character is also known as a(n)________.

Which of the following phylogeny inference tools is the best at reconstructing the most accurate phylogenetic trees?

After correcting for the noted deletion in slots 62-64,it becomes clear that mutations in the ________ triplet have the most effects on changes in phenotype.

A group consisting of a common ancestor and some,but not all,of its descendants is known as a ________ group.

Estimating the uncertainty of phylogenetic trees using computer-generated replicates from an original data set is known as ________.