Question 1

Fugitive species are poor competitors

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

According to the competitive exclusion principle,

Accepted Answer

A)  resources exclude competitors 
B)  intraspecific competitors exclude interspecific competitors 
C)  two species can occupy the same realized niche. 
D)  two species cannot coexist on the same limiting resource. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  resources exclude competitors 
B)  intraspecific competitors exclude interspecific competitors 
C)  two species can occupy the same realized niche. 
D)  two species cannot coexist on the same limiting resource. 
E)  none of the above D

Question 3

The realized niche

Accepted Answer

A)  is an adaptive response to competition. 
B)  is the immediate effect of a competitor on the fundamental niche. 
C)  is always larger than the fundamental niche. 
D)  evolves over many generations. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  is an adaptive response to competition. 
B)  is the immediate effect of a competitor on the fundamental niche. 
C)  is always larger than the fundamental niche. 
D)  evolves over many generations. 
E)  none of the above B

Question 4

Species that are allopatric cannot compete.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Disturbance can reduce the intensity of competition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The songs of black-capped and mountain chickadees

Accepted Answer

A)  both shift by character displacement in sympatry. 
B)  do no shift by character displacement in sympatry. 
C)  shift by character displacement only in the subordinate species. 
D)  shift by character displacement in allopatry. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  both shift by character displacement in sympatry. 
B)  do no shift by character displacement in sympatry. 
C)  shift by character displacement only in the subordinate species. 
D)  shift by character displacement in allopatry. 
E)  none of the above

Question 7

The fundamental niche is the role of the organism in the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Lotka-Volterra isoclines must be straight lines.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In the Lotka-Volterra graphs, an isocline determines

Accepted Answer

A)  where each species is isolated. 
B)  the rate of change of competition. 
C)  where population growth is zero. 
D)  where population growth is maximal. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  where each species is isolated. 
B)  the rate of change of competition. 
C)  where population growth is zero. 
D)  where population growth is maximal. 
E)  none of the above

Question 10

The term α21N1 measures the

Accepted Answer

A)  degree to which species 1 reduces the resources available to species 2. 
B)  degree to which species 2 reduces the resources available to species 1. 
C)  carrying capacity for species 1. 
D)  carrying capacity for species 2. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  degree to which species 1 reduces the resources available to species 2. 
B)  degree to which species 2 reduces the resources available to species 1. 
C)  carrying capacity for species 1. 
D)  carrying capacity for species 2. 
E)  none of the above

Question 11

Competitive exclusion occurs if niche overlap is too large.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The value of niche overlap (α₂₁N₁) increases when the

Accepted Answer

A)  proportional use of the resource by species 1 and 2 are different. 
B)  proportional use of the resource by species 1 and 2 are similar. 
C)  squared resource use is 1.0. 
D)  carrying capacity changes. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  proportional use of the resource by species 1 and 2 are different. 
B)  proportional use of the resource by species 1 and 2 are similar. 
C)  squared resource use is 1.0. 
D)  carrying capacity changes. 
E)  none of the above

Question 13

Self-thinning

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when different tree species compete. 
B)  is the increase in population size and decrease in individual size. 
C)  is the decrease in population size and increase in individual size. 
D)  prevents overpopulation. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  occurs when different tree species compete. 
B)  is the increase in population size and decrease in individual size. 
C)  is the decrease in population size and increase in individual size. 
D)  prevents overpopulation. 
E)  none of the above

Question 14

When competition occurs, the realized niche is __________ than the fundamental niche.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When competition occurs, the realized niche is...

Question 15

The Lotka-Volterra models show that coexistence is more likely if niche overlap is

Accepted Answer

A)  small and the carrying capacities are different. 
B)  large and the carrying capacities are similar. 
C)  small and the carrying capacities are similar. 
D)  is similar and the carrying capacities are different. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  small and the carrying capacities are different. 
B)  large and the carrying capacities are similar. 
C)  small and the carrying capacities are similar. 
D)  is similar and the carrying capacities are different. 
E)  none of the above

Question 16

What are the conditions that lead to coexistence in the Lotka-Volterra model?

Accepted Answer

K₁<K₂/α_₂₁

Question 17

Competition occurs only between related taxa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Why is the carrying capacity difficult to measure?

Accepted Answer

The true carrying capacity may

Question 19

In __________ competition one species reduces the resource available to the other; in __________ competition one species reduces access to the resource.

Accepted Answer

Exploitati

Question 20

To demonstrate that competition is occurring one must show that __________.

Accepted Answer

the resource is limi

Exam 11: Competition

Fugitive species are poor competitors

According to the competitive exclusion principle,

The realized niche

Species that are allopatric cannot compete.

Disturbance can reduce the intensity of competition.

The songs of black-capped and mountain chickadees

The fundamental niche is the role of the organism in the environment.

Lotka-Volterra isoclines must be straight lines.

In the Lotka-Volterra graphs, an isocline determines

The term α21N1 measures the

Competitive exclusion occurs if niche overlap is too large.

The value of niche overlap (α₂₁N₁) increases when the

Self-thinning

When competition occurs, the realized niche is __________ than the fundamental niche.

The Lotka-Volterra models show that coexistence is more likely if niche overlap is

What are the conditions that lead to coexistence in the Lotka-Volterra model?

Competition occurs only between related taxa.

Why is the carrying capacity difficult to measure?

In __________ competition one species reduces the resource available to the other; in __________ competition one species reduces access to the resource.

To demonstrate that competition is occurring one must show that __________.

Introduction to Ecology

Adaptation and Evolution

Adaptations to the Physical Environment

Terrestrial Communities

Fresh-water and Marine Communities

Behavioral Ecology

The Ecology of Intraspecific Variation

Demography

Population Regulation

Life History Strategies

Coevolution I Exploitative Interactions

Mutualism

The Structure of Communities

Ecological Succession

Species Diversity

Energy Flow and Trophic Structure

Biogeochemical Cycles

Conservation Biology

Landscape Ecology

Human Global Ecology

Filters

The term α₂₁N₁ measures the

In competition one species reduces the resource available to the other; in competition one species reduces access to the resource.