Question 1

President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction

Accepted Answer

A)  differed radically from Lincoln's. 
B)  guaranteed former slaves the right to vote. 
C)  required that all former Confederate states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. 
D)  abolished literacy tests for voting in the South. 
E)  aimed at swift restoration of the Southern states after a few moderate political conditions were met by the Southern states. 
A)  differed radically from Lincoln's. 
B)  guaranteed former slaves the right to vote. 
C)  required that all former Confederate states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. 
D)  abolished literacy tests for voting in the South. 
E)  aimed at swift restoration of the Southern states after a few moderate political conditions were met by the Southern states.

Question 2

At the end of the Civil War, many white Southerners

Accepted Answer

A)  came to view secession and the Civil War as a tragic mistake. 
B)  were ready to plan a future uprising against the United States. 
C)  declared themselves citizens of their states but not of the United States. 
D)  enthusiastically adopted the federal government in Washington, D.C. as "our government." 
E)  still believed that their view of secession was correct and their cause was just. 
A)  came to view secession and the Civil War as a tragic mistake. 
B)  were ready to plan a future uprising against the United States. 
C)  declared themselves citizens of their states but not of the United States. 
D)  enthusiastically adopted the federal government in Washington, D.C. as "our government." 
E)  still believed that their view of secession was correct and their cause was just.

Question 3

From 1878 to 1880, some twenty-five thousand blacks from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi, known as "the Exodusters", were

Accepted Answer

A)  black church leaders who linked emancipation to the Book of Exodus. 
B)  black migrants from the South to Northern cities. 
C)  black freedmen who left the South to seek opportunity in Kansas. 
D)  a political organization developed by the freedmen. 
E)  black homesteaders in Oklahoma and Kansas who eventually fled the dust bowl. 
A)  black church leaders who linked emancipation to the Book of Exodus. 
B)  black migrants from the South to Northern cities. 
C)  black freedmen who left the South to seek opportunity in Kansas. 
D)  a political organization developed by the freedmen. 
E)  black homesteaders in Oklahoma and Kansas who eventually fled the dust bowl.

Question 4

As a politician, Andrew Johnson developed a reputation as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  supporter of the planter aristocrats. 
B)  opponent of slavery. 
C)  inspiring and calmly eloquent speaker. 
D)  champion of the poor whites. 
E)  secret Confederate sympathizer. 
A)  supporter of the planter aristocrats. 
B)  opponent of slavery. 
C)  inspiring and calmly eloquent speaker. 
D)  champion of the poor whites. 
E)  secret Confederate sympathizer.

Question 5

To many Northerners, the Black Codes seemed to indicate that

Accepted Answer

A)  the transition to black freedom would be easy. 
B)  blacks were unable to manage the transition to freedom autonomously. 
C)  the Civil War had been worth the sacrifice. 
D)  presidential Reconstruction was working effectively and swiftly. 
E)  the arrogant South was acting as if the North had not really won the Civil War and the North had sacrificed its young men in vain. 
A)  the transition to black freedom would be easy. 
B)  blacks were unable to manage the transition to freedom autonomously. 
C)  the Civil War had been worth the sacrifice. 
D)  presidential Reconstruction was working effectively and swiftly. 
E)  the arrogant South was acting as if the North had not really won the Civil War and the North had sacrificed its young men in vain.

Question 6

What role did each of the following play in the congressional assumption of control over Reconstruction policy: Black Codes, Southern election of former Confederates, and President Johnson's personality and actions?

Accepted Answer

The Black Codes played a significant rol

Question 7

Freedom for Southern blacks at the end of the Civil War

Accepted Answer

A)  occurred immediately with the Emancipation Proclamation. 
B)  caused large numbers to migrate immediately after the war to the big cities in the South to search for work opportunities. 
C)  caused whole communities of Southern blacks from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi to migrate westward to territories and states such as Kansas for better job opportunities. 
D)  was achieved without the use of Union soldiers. 
E)  meant that the church would not become the focus of black community life. 
A)  occurred immediately with the Emancipation Proclamation. 
B)  caused large numbers to migrate immediately after the war to the big cities in the South to search for work opportunities. 
C)  caused whole communities of Southern blacks from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi to migrate westward to territories and states such as Kansas for better job opportunities. 
D)  was achieved without the use of Union soldiers. 
E)  meant that the church would not become the focus of black community life.

Question 8

Reconstruction involved extended controversies over

Accepted Answer

A)  readmission of Southern states into the Union. 
B)  civil and political rights for former slaves. 
C)  defining the political and economic scope and meaning of "freedom" for slaves. 
D)  political direction and control of the Reconstruction process between President Johnson and the Republican Congress. 
E)  treatment of former Confederate leaders. 
A)  readmission of Southern states into the Union. 
B)  civil and political rights for former slaves. 
C)  defining the political and economic scope and meaning of "freedom" for slaves. 
D)  political direction and control of the Reconstruction process between President Johnson and the Republican Congress. 
E)  treatment of former Confederate leaders.

Question 9

Radical Reconstruction state governments in the South

Accepted Answer

A)  were uniformly incompetent and and accomplished little in the way of social reforms or economic development. 
B)  passed much desirable legislation and badly needed reforms such as establishing adequate public schools and launching public works. 
C)  were significantlymore corrupt than Northern state governments. 
D)  had all of their social and economic reforms repealed by the all-white "redeemer governments" in the South 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  were uniformly incompetent and and accomplished little in the way of social reforms or economic development. 
B)  passed much desirable legislation and badly needed reforms such as establishing adequate public schools and launching public works. 
C)  were significantlymore corrupt than Northern state governments. 
D)  had all of their social and economic reforms repealed by the all-white "redeemer governments" in the South 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 10

For congressional Republicans, one of the most troubling aspects of the Southern states' quick restoration to the Union was that

Accepted Answer

A)  with the black population fully counted, the South would be stronger than ever in national politics and Democrats could possibly regain control of Congress in the near future. 
B)  President Johnson would likely be defeated in the 1868 presidential election. 
C)  the majority white South might be represented by black Congressmen. 
D)  a high tariff might be reinstituted. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  with the black population fully counted, the South would be stronger than ever in national politics and Democrats could possibly regain control of Congress in the near future. 
B)  President Johnson would likely be defeated in the 1868 presidential election. 
C)  the majority white South might be represented by black Congressmen. 
D)  a high tariff might be reinstituted. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 11

Blacks in the South relied on the Union League to

Accepted Answer

A)  help them escape to the North during the Civil War. 
B)  provide them with relief payments until the Freedmen's Bureau was established. 
C)  educate them on their civic duties and campaign for Republican candidates. 
D)  gain admittance to the Union Army. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  help them escape to the North during the Civil War. 
B)  provide them with relief payments until the Freedmen's Bureau was established. 
C)  educate them on their civic duties and campaign for Republican candidates. 
D)  gain admittance to the Union Army. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 12

Under congressional Reconstruction, Southern states were required to

Accepted Answer

A)  organize and support the Republican party. 
B)  ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C)  guarantee adult male slaves the right to vote through provisions in their state constitutions. 
D)  provide land and education for former slaves. 
E)  protect black religious freedom. 
A)  organize and support the Republican party. 
B)  ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C)  guarantee adult male slaves the right to vote through provisions in their state constitutions. 
D)  provide land and education for former slaves. 
E)  protect black religious freedom.

Question 13

In 1867, U.S.Secretary of State William Seward achieved the Johnson administration's greatest success in foreign relations when he

Accepted Answer

A)  signed a mutual defense treaty with Great Britain. 
B)  recognized the independent republic of Hawaii. 
C)  purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. 
D)  acquired the former Dominican Republic as an American territory. 
E)  established friendly relations with the newly independent Dominion of Canada. 
A)  signed a mutual defense treaty with Great Britain. 
B)  recognized the independent republic of Hawaii. 
C)  purchased Alaska from Russia for $7.2 million. 
D)  acquired the former Dominican Republic as an American territory. 
E)  established friendly relations with the newly independent Dominion of Canada.

Question 14

The main purpose of the Black Codes was to

Accepted Answer

A)  guarantee freedom for the blacks. 
B)  ensure a stable and subservient labor supply. 
C)  prevent interracial sex and marriage. 
D)  prevent blacks from becoming sharecroppers. 
E)  create a system of justice for ex-slaves. 
A)  guarantee freedom for the blacks. 
B)  ensure a stable and subservient labor supply. 
C)  prevent interracial sex and marriage. 
D)  prevent blacks from becoming sharecroppers. 
E)  create a system of justice for ex-slaves.

Question 15

In President Andrew Johnson's view, the Freedmen's Bureau was

Accepted Answer

A)  a flawed but necessary agency. 
B)  acceptable only because it also helped poor whites. 
C)  a tolerable compromise with the radical Congress. 
D)  a potential source of Republican patronage jobs. 
E)  a meddlesome federal agency in the Souththat should be killed. 
A)  a flawed but necessary agency. 
B)  acceptable only because it also helped poor whites. 
C)  a tolerable compromise with the radical Congress. 
D)  a potential source of Republican patronage jobs. 
E)  a meddlesome federal agency in the Souththat should be killed.

Question 16

The white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as

Accepted Answer

A)  a meddlesome federal agency that threatened to upset white racial dominance. 
B)  an agency acceptable only because it also helped poor whites. 
C)  a valued partner in rebuilding the South. 
D)  more helpful in the North than the South. 
E)  None of these choices are correct. 
A)  a meddlesome federal agency that threatened to upset white racial dominance. 
B)  an agency acceptable only because it also helped poor whites. 
C)  a valued partner in rebuilding the South. 
D)  more helpful in the North than the South. 
E)  None of these choices are correct.

Question 17

The fate of the defeated Confederate leaders was that

Accepted Answer

A)  most were sentenced to prison for life. 
B)  several were executed for treason. 
C)  after brief jail terms, all were pardoned in 1868. 
D)  they were immediately returned to citizenship and full civil rights. 
E)  many went into exile in slaveholding Brazil. 
A)  most were sentenced to prison for life. 
B)  several were executed for treason. 
C)  after brief jail terms, all were pardoned in 1868. 
D)  they were immediately returned to citizenship and full civil rights. 
E)  many went into exile in slaveholding Brazil.

Question 18

The Fourteenth Amendment is commonly referred to as one of the most important additions to the Constitution.Why is this the case? What was necessary for the protections of political and voting rights in the Fourteenth Amendment to become a reality in the South?

Accepted Answer

The Fourteenth Amendment is considered o

Question 19

In the postwar South

Accepted Answer

A)  the economy and social structure was utterly devastated. 
B)  the emancipation of slaves had surprisingly little economic consequence. 
C)  the much-feared inflation never materialized. 
D)  industry and transportation were damaged, but Southern agriculture continued to flourish. 
E)  poorer whites benefited from the end of plantation slavery. 
A)  the economy and social structure was utterly devastated. 
B)  the emancipation of slaves had surprisingly little economic consequence. 
C)  the much-feared inflation never materialized. 
D)  industry and transportation were damaged, but Southern agriculture continued to flourish. 
E)  poorer whites benefited from the end of plantation slavery.

Question 20

Political corruption during Reconstruction was

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily the fault of white carpetbaggers and scalawags. 
B)  located in the North. 
C)  common in both North and South. 
D)  present in all Southern states except South Carolina and Louisiana. 
E)  almost entirely conducted by blacks. 
A)  primarily the fault of white carpetbaggers and scalawags. 
B)  located in the North. 
C)  common in both North and South. 
D)  present in all Southern states except South Carolina and Louisiana. 
E)  almost entirely conducted by blacks.

Exam 22: The Ordeal of Reconstruction, 1865-1877

President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction

At the end of the Civil War, many white Southerners

From 1878 to 1880, some twenty-five thousand blacks from Louisiana, Texas, and Mississippi, known as "the Exodusters", were

As a politician, Andrew Johnson developed a reputation as a(n)

To many Northerners, the Black Codes seemed to indicate that

What role did each of the following play in the congressional assumption of control over Reconstruction policy: Black Codes, Southern election of former Confederates, and President Johnson's personality and actions?

Freedom for Southern blacks at the end of the Civil War

Reconstruction involved extended controversies over

Radical Reconstruction state governments in the South

For congressional Republicans, one of the most troubling aspects of the Southern states' quick restoration to the Union was that

Blacks in the South relied on the Union League to

Under congressional Reconstruction, Southern states were required to

In 1867, U.S.Secretary of State William Seward achieved the Johnson administration's greatest success in foreign relations when he

The main purpose of the Black Codes was to

In President Andrew Johnson's view, the Freedmen's Bureau was

The white South viewed the Freedmen's Bureau as

The fate of the defeated Confederate leaders was that

The Fourteenth Amendment is commonly referred to as one of the most important additions to the Constitution.Why is this the case? What was necessary for the protections of political and voting rights in the Fourteenth Amendment to become a reality in the South?

In the postwar South

Political corruption during Reconstruction was

New World Beginnings, 33,000 B.C.E.-1769 C.E.

The Planting of English America, 1500-1733

Settling the Northern Colonies, 1619-1700

American Life in the Seventeenth Century, 1607-1692

Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution, 1700-1775

The Duel for North America, 1608-1763

The Road to Revolution, 1763-1775

America Secedes from the Empire, 1775-1783

The Confederation and the Constitution, 1776-1790

Launching the New Ship of State, 1789-1800

The Triumphs and Travails of the Jeffersonian Republic, 1800-1812

The Second War for Independence and the Upsurge of Nationalism, 1812-1824

The Rise of a Mass Democracy, 1824-1840

Forging the National Economy, 1790-1860

The Ferment of Reform and Culture, 1790-1860

The South and the Slavery Controversy, 1793-1860

Manifest Destiny and Its Legacy, 1841-1848

Renewing the Sectional Struggle, 1848-1854

Drifting Toward Disunion, 1854-1861

Girding for War: The North and the South, 1861-1865

The Furnace of Civil War, 1861-1865

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