Question 1

Describe death qualification in the context of jury selection.Explain the controversy surrounding the practice.

Accepted Answer

Death qualification is a jury selection

Question 2

The tendency for false post-event information to become integrated into a person's memory for the event is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  misinformation effect. 
B)  familiarity-induced bias. 
C)  leniency bias. 
D)  positive coercion bias. 
A)  misinformation effect. 
B)  familiarity-induced bias. 
C)  leniency bias. 
D)  positive coercion bias.

Question 3

If a jury is evenly split on their initial vote, then

Accepted Answer

A)  the final verdict is more likely to be acquittal. 
B)  the final verdict is more likely to be conviction. 
C)  they will most likely end as hung jury. 
D)  there is equal probability of acquittal, conviction, or hung jury. 
A)  the final verdict is more likely to be acquittal. 
B)  the final verdict is more likely to be conviction. 
C)  they will most likely end as hung jury. 
D)  there is equal probability of acquittal, conviction, or hung jury.

Question 4

Kirby is a juror in a rape trial in which both the prosecution and defense are relying on eyewitnesses.It is likely that Kirby will

Accepted Answer

A)  be able to determine which eyewitnesses are accurate. 
B)  use eyewitness confidence as a cue to eyewitness accuracy. 
C)  underestimate the accuracy of all of the eyewitnesses. 
D)  understand the factors that influence eyewitness accuracy enough to determine whether an eyewitness is biased. 
A)  be able to determine which eyewitnesses are accurate. 
B)  use eyewitness confidence as a cue to eyewitness accuracy. 
C)  underestimate the accuracy of all of the eyewitnesses. 
D)  understand the factors that influence eyewitness accuracy enough to determine whether an eyewitness is biased.

Question 5

Norbert is selected as the foreperson of the jury.Assuming that a typical selection process occurred, he was probably chosen

Accepted Answer

A)  very quickly. 
B)  after a long, heated, often irrational debate. 
C)  after very careful, rational consideration of the candidates. 
D)  by the judge at some point during the course of the trial. 
A)  very quickly. 
B)  after a long, heated, often irrational debate. 
C)  after very careful, rational consideration of the candidates. 
D)  by the judge at some point during the course of the trial.

Question 6

Loftus and Palmer (1974)manipulated the wording of questions posed to participants who witness a filmed traffic accident.Their findings suggest that

Accepted Answer

A)  the wording affected the participants' memory for the accident. 
B)  the wording did not affect the participants' memory for the accident. 
C)  witnesses often store multiple, contradictory memories for a single event. 
D)  most eyewitness errors have to do with problems that arise during encoding. 
A)  the wording affected the participants' memory for the accident. 
B)  the wording did not affect the participants' memory for the accident. 
C)  witnesses often store multiple, contradictory memories for a single event. 
D)  most eyewitness errors have to do with problems that arise during encoding.

Question 7

In the case of Lockhart v.McCree, what issue did the U.S.Supreme Court consider?

Accepted Answer

A)  Whether the death qualification violates a defendant's right to a fair trial 
B)  Whether scientific jury selection should be legal or not 
C)  Whether a jury should have six or 12 members 
D)  Whether a jury must have a unanimous verdict or not 
A)  Whether the death qualification violates a defendant's right to a fair trial 
B)  Whether scientific jury selection should be legal or not 
C)  Whether a jury should have six or 12 members 
D)  Whether a jury must have a unanimous verdict or not

Question 8

Research suggests that small juries are more likely than large juries to

Accepted Answer

A)  produce non-unanimous decisions. 
B)  resist normative pressures within the group. 
C)  deliberate for a shorter period of time. 
D)  be representative of the larger population. 
A)  produce non-unanimous decisions. 
B)  resist normative pressures within the group. 
C)  deliberate for a shorter period of time. 
D)  be representative of the larger population.

Question 9

One reason judges' instructions tend to have little impact on jurors is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the instructions typically come before the evidence is presented, increasing the likelihood that the jurors will forget them. 
B)  the jurors often find the instructions incomprehensible, leading to misunderstandings and confusion. 
C)  the jurors frequently consider the instructions to be irrelevant to the trial, leading them to experience reactance. 
D)  jurors usually try to avoid jury nullification. 
A)  the instructions typically come before the evidence is presented, increasing the likelihood that the jurors will forget them. 
B)  the jurors often find the instructions incomprehensible, leading to misunderstandings and confusion. 
C)  the jurors frequently consider the instructions to be irrelevant to the trial, leading them to experience reactance. 
D)  jurors usually try to avoid jury nullification.

Question 10

Saul is a prospective juror in a mass murder case who, when asked by an attorney, says that he opposes the death penalty.The presiding judge then excludes him from the jury.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  leniency bias. 
B)  death qualification. 
C)  scientific jury selection. 
D)  jury nullification. 
A)  leniency bias. 
B)  death qualification. 
C)  scientific jury selection. 
D)  jury nullification.

Question 11

In a murder case involving a six-person jury, five of the jurors think the defendant is guilty and one thinks the defendant is not guilty.In another murder case involving a 12-person jury, ten think the defendant is guilty and two think the defendant is not guilty.Based on Asch's research on conformity, and all other things being equal, what predictions can be made about the likelihood that the jurors in the minority in these two trials will resist the pressures exerted by those in the majority to change their verdicts?

Accepted Answer

A)  The minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence because the minority in the smaller jury has no allies in dissent. 
B)  The minority in the larger jury should be less likely to maintain their independence because the majority in the larger jury is comprised of more people. 
C)  Because the proportion of majority to minority jurors is equivalent in these two juries, the minorities should be equally likely to maintain their independence. 
D)  If the evidence in both cases is ambiguous, the minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence; but if the evidence in both cases is unambiguous, there should be no difference between the juries. 
A)  The minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence because the minority in the smaller jury has no allies in dissent. 
B)  The minority in the larger jury should be less likely to maintain their independence because the majority in the larger jury is comprised of more people. 
C)  Because the proportion of majority to minority jurors is equivalent in these two juries, the minorities should be equally likely to maintain their independence. 
D)  If the evidence in both cases is ambiguous, the minority in the smaller jury should be less likely to maintain his or her independence; but if the evidence in both cases is unambiguous, there should be no difference between the juries.

Question 12

During a trial, the prosecution refers to an illegally obtained tape recording of a phone call that makes the defendant appear guilty.Research suggests that after hearing this information, jurors are most likely to

Accepted Answer

A)  disregard the information if the defense attorney objects, even if the judge rules that the information is admissible. 
B)  vote guilty, unless the judge rules that the information is inadmissible. 
C)  vote guilty, even if the judge rules that the information is inadmissible. 
D)  vote guilty if the judge rules the information is admissible, but vote not guilty if the judge rules that the information is inadmissible. 
A)  disregard the information if the defense attorney objects, even if the judge rules that the information is admissible. 
B)  vote guilty, unless the judge rules that the information is inadmissible. 
C)  vote guilty, even if the judge rules that the information is inadmissible. 
D)  vote guilty if the judge rules the information is admissible, but vote not guilty if the judge rules that the information is inadmissible.

Question 13

After a 36-hour interrogation, Liz just wanted to make it end so she confessed to the kidnapping even though she knew she had not committed the crime.Liz's confession would be labeled as

Accepted Answer

A)  internalized. 
B)  compliant. 
C)  reactive. 
D)  misinformed. 
A)  internalized. 
B)  compliant. 
C)  reactive. 
D)  misinformed.

Question 14

Death qualification refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  pre-trial hearings that are conducted to determine whether a defendant should receive the death penalty. 
B)  a procedure used during voir dire to ensure that jurors are prepared for potentially graphic testimony concerning violence, usually involving murder. 
C)  a jury selection procedure that permits judges to exclude from capital cases all prospective jurors who say they would refuse to vote for the death penalty under any circumstance. 
D)  jurors' decision to recommend the death penalty even if the prosecution has not asked for it. 
A)  pre-trial hearings that are conducted to determine whether a defendant should receive the death penalty. 
B)  a procedure used during voir dire to ensure that jurors are prepared for potentially graphic testimony concerning violence, usually involving murder. 
C)  a jury selection procedure that permits judges to exclude from capital cases all prospective jurors who say they would refuse to vote for the death penalty under any circumstance. 
D)  jurors' decision to recommend the death penalty even if the prosecution has not asked for it.

Question 15

Which of the following is not a reasonable criticism of the Stanford University prison study?

Accepted Answer

A)  All of the participants were younger than 30 years old. 
B)  Lack of random assignment made it possible that the individuals assigned to be guards were generally more sadistic. 
C)  Participants were not real prisoners and guards, so their behavior may not be representative. 
D)  Some of the participants endured pain and suffering, making the study ethically questionable. 
A)  All of the participants were younger than 30 years old. 
B)  Lack of random assignment made it possible that the individuals assigned to be guards were generally more sadistic. 
C)  Participants were not real prisoners and guards, so their behavior may not be representative. 
D)  Some of the participants endured pain and suffering, making the study ethically questionable.

Question 16

The stage of deliberation during which jurors set an agenda, talk in open terms, raise questions, and explore the facts is called

Accepted Answer

A)  orientation. 
B)  open conflict. 
C)  reconciliation. 
D)  nullification. 
A)  orientation. 
B)  open conflict. 
C)  reconciliation. 
D)  nullification.

Question 17

Research on lineup administration by Greathouse and Kovera (2009)suggests that the police officer who conducts a lineup

Accepted Answer

A)  can affect the actual identification that a witness makes. 
B)  can impact how confident an eyewitness is. 
C)  will not unduly bias an eyewitness as he or she makes a conscious effort not to. 
D)  None of these 
A)  can affect the actual identification that a witness makes. 
B)  can impact how confident an eyewitness is. 
C)  will not unduly bias an eyewitness as he or she makes a conscious effort not to. 
D)  None of these

Question 18

The use of community surveys to identify correlations between demographics and attitudes relevant to the trial is called

Accepted Answer

A)  scientific jury selection. 
B)  implicit personality theories. 
C)  jury nullification. 
D)  the leniency bias. 
A)  scientific jury selection. 
B)  implicit personality theories. 
C)  jury nullification. 
D)  the leniency bias.

Question 19

Which of the following has not been shown to bias a child's memory report?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repeating the question 
B)  Introducing misinformation 
C)  Leading questions 
D)  Questioning in a group setting. 
A)  Repeating the question 
B)  Introducing misinformation 
C)  Leading questions 
D)  Questioning in a group setting.

Question 20

As deliberation begins, nine jurors think that the defendant is guilty.At first, the three jurors who think otherwise are resistant to changing their minds, but after hearing what the others have to say, they are genuinely persuaded and decide to vote guilty.The factor most likely to have led these three jurors to change their verdict is

Accepted Answer

A)  the leniency bias. 
B)  the influence of peremptory challenges. 
C)  normative influence. 
D)  informational influence. 
A)  the leniency bias. 
B)  the influence of peremptory challenges. 
C)  normative influence. 
D)  informational influence.

Describe death qualification in the context of jury selection.Explain the controversy surrounding the practice.

The tendency for false post-event information to become integrated into a person's memory for the event is called the

If a jury is evenly split on their initial vote, then

Kirby is a juror in a rape trial in which both the prosecution and defense are relying on eyewitnesses.It is likely that Kirby will

Norbert is selected as the foreperson of the jury.Assuming that a typical selection process occurred, he was probably chosen

Loftus and Palmer (1974)manipulated the wording of questions posed to participants who witness a filmed traffic accident.Their findings suggest that

In the case of Lockhart v.McCree, what issue did the U.S.Supreme Court consider?

Research suggests that small juries are more likely than large juries to

One reason judges' instructions tend to have little impact on jurors is that

Saul is a prospective juror in a mass murder case who, when asked by an attorney, says that he opposes the death penalty.The presiding judge then excludes him from the jury.This is an example of

During a trial, the prosecution refers to an illegally obtained tape recording of a phone call that makes the defendant appear guilty.Research suggests that after hearing this information, jurors are most likely to

After a 36-hour interrogation, Liz just wanted to make it end so she confessed to the kidnapping even though she knew she had not committed the crime.Liz's confession would be labeled as

Death qualification refers to

Which of the following is not a reasonable criticism of the Stanford University prison study?

The stage of deliberation during which jurors set an agenda, talk in open terms, raise questions, and explore the facts is called

Research on lineup administration by Greathouse and Kovera (2009)suggests that the police officer who conducts a lineup

The use of community surveys to identify correlations between demographics and attitudes relevant to the trial is called

Which of the following has not been shown to bias a child's memory report?

What is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health and Well being

Filters

Exam 12: Law

Describe death qualification in the context of jury selection.Explain the controversy surrounding the practice.

The tendency for false post-event information to become integrated into a person's memory for the event is called the

If a jury is evenly split on their initial vote, then

Kirby is a juror in a rape trial in which both the prosecution and defense are relying on eyewitnesses.It is likely that Kirby will

Norbert is selected as the foreperson of the jury.Assuming that a typical selection process occurred, he was probably chosen

Loftus and Palmer (1974)manipulated the wording of questions posed to participants who witness a filmed traffic accident.Their findings suggest that

In the case of Lockhart v.McCree, what issue did the U.S.Supreme Court consider?

Research suggests that small juries are more likely than large juries to

One reason judges' instructions tend to have little impact on jurors is that

Saul is a prospective juror in a mass murder case who, when asked by an attorney, says that he opposes the death penalty.The presiding judge then excludes him from the jury.This is an example of

During a trial, the prosecution refers to an illegally obtained tape recording of a phone call that makes the defendant appear guilty.Research suggests that after hearing this information, jurors are most likely to

After a 36-hour interrogation, Liz just wanted to make it end so she confessed to the kidnapping even though she knew she had not committed the crime.Liz's confession would be labeled as

Death qualification refers to

Which of the following is not a reasonable criticism of the Stanford University prison study?

The stage of deliberation during which jurors set an agenda, talk in open terms, raise questions, and explore the facts is called

Research on lineup administration by Greathouse and Kovera (2009)suggests that the police officer who conducts a lineup

The use of community surveys to identify correlations between demographics and attitudes relevant to the trial is called

Which of the following has not been shown to bias a child's memory report?

What is Social Psychology

Doing Social Psychology Research

The Social Self

Perceiving Persons

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

Attitudes

Conformity

Group Processes

Attraction and Close Relationships

Helping Others

Aggression

Business

Health and Well being

Filters