Question 1

The ________ approach focuses on individual differences that make every person unique.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  cognitive 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning 
A)  trait 
B)  cognitive 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning

Question 2

Why is labeling often helpful?

Accepted Answer

A)  It helps us measure the Big Five personality traits. 
B)  It helps us talk about and understand important phenomena. 
C)  It helps us distinguish between good and bad types of people. 
D)  It enables clinicians to pathologize their patients. 
A)  It helps us measure the Big Five personality traits. 
B)  It helps us talk about and understand important phenomena. 
C)  It helps us distinguish between good and bad types of people. 
D)  It enables clinicians to pathologize their patients.

Question 3

Why is labeling at times dangerous?

Accepted Answer

A)  Once a person is labeled, other people may only view the person as the label and not as an individual. 
B)  Clinical psychologists have a diagnosis to report to insurance companies. 
C)  It organizes complex patterns of behavior into discrete categories. 
D)  We are forced to talk about problematic behavior in terms of its label. 
A)  Once a person is labeled, other people may only view the person as the label and not as an individual. 
B)  Clinical psychologists have a diagnosis to report to insurance companies. 
C)  It organizes complex patterns of behavior into discrete categories. 
D)  We are forced to talk about problematic behavior in terms of its label.

Question 4

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality.
-Trait

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts that we are not aware of 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation 
A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts that we are not aware of 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation

Question 5

Anthony just won the lottery.What advice would a positive psychologist give him to secure his happiness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spend as much of the money as possible as fast as possible. 
B)  Invest the money so that that his wealth keeps increasing. 
C)  Focus on being grateful for the things that he can now afford. 
D)  Use the money to travel the world. 
A)  Spend as much of the money as possible as fast as possible. 
B)  Invest the money so that that his wealth keeps increasing. 
C)  Focus on being grateful for the things that he can now afford. 
D)  Use the money to travel the world.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that Funder believes is important for selecting a personality approach to use in your own work?

Accepted Answer

A)  whether the approach is right or wrong 
B)  whether the approach addresses topics you wish to understand 
C)  whether you find the approach interesting 
D)  whether you think you can use the approach to add knowledge to psychology 
A)  whether the approach is right or wrong 
B)  whether the approach addresses topics you wish to understand 
C)  whether you find the approach interesting 
D)  whether you think you can use the approach to add knowledge to psychology

Question 7

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality.
-Humanistic

Accepted Answer

A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts that we are not aware of 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation 
A) Understanding the heritability and evolutionary basis of behavioral patterns 
B) Understanding the unconscious mind and the effects of motivations and conflicts that we are not aware of 
C) Understanding moment-to-moment conscious awareness and the ability to experience free will 
D) Understanding individual differences and the ways in which we are psychologically unique 
E) Understanding basic mental processes relevant to perception, memory, emotion, and motivation

Question 8

According to what we know about memory,most of the brain's activity is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  conscious 
B)  conscious or unconscious, depending on the social context 
C)  neither conscious nor unconscious 
D)  unconscious 
A)  conscious 
B)  conscious or unconscious, depending on the social context 
C)  neither conscious nor unconscious 
D)  unconscious

Question 9

What label describes personality that is both unusual and problematic?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  construal 
C)  personality disorder 
D)  consistency 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  construal 
C)  personality disorder 
D)  consistency

Question 10

Research from the ________ has demonstrated the consistency of a pattern of thought like pessimism.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait paradigm 
B)  behavioral paradigm 
C)  cognitive paradigm 
D)  psychoanalytic paradigm 
A)  trait paradigm 
B)  behavioral paradigm 
C)  cognitive paradigm 
D)  psychoanalytic paradigm

Question 11

Decades of research has shown that John Locke's idea that the human mind is a blank slate at birth is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  accurate 
B)  true in the context of personality disorders 
C)  inaccurate 
D)  dependent on the area of psychology conducting the research 
A)  accurate 
B)  true in the context of personality disorders 
C)  inaccurate 
D)  dependent on the area of psychology conducting the research

Question 12

According to the text,what we don't know about the biological roots of personality ________ what we do know.

Accepted Answer

A)  is far less than 
B)  is equal to 
C)  is incomparable to 
D)  is far more than 
A)  is far less than 
B)  is equal to 
C)  is incomparable to 
D)  is far more than

Question 13

According to the text,labeling personality patterns is both ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  useful; problematic 
B)  social; political 
C)  self-reported; peer-reported 
D)  harmless; criminal 
A)  useful; problematic 
B)  social; political 
C)  self-reported; peer-reported 
D)  harmless; criminal

Question 14

According to the text,which of the following contribute to an individual's view of reality?

Accepted Answer

A)  biological processes 
B)  ambitions 
C)  past experiences 
D)  all of the above 
A)  biological processes 
B)  ambitions 
C)  past experiences 
D)  all of the above

Question 15

Laura always scores extremely high on conscientiousness.According to what we know about the trait of conscientiousness,what is a possible explanation for why Laura will likely live longer than her peers?

Accepted Answer

A)  She always sees the best in everyone she meets. 
B)  She travels a lot and is always looking for the next adventure. 
C)  She doesn't smoke and exercises regularly. 
D)  She is very withdrawn and rarely attends social gatherings. 
A)  She always sees the best in everyone she meets. 
B)  She travels a lot and is always looking for the next adventure. 
C)  She doesn't smoke and exercises regularly. 
D)  She is very withdrawn and rarely attends social gatherings.

Question 16

The most effective way to learn about a person is to ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  watch what she does; listen what she says 
B)  measure her personality; measure her well-being 
C)  ask her; ask her friends 
D)  make observations; form hypotheses 
A)  watch what she does; listen what she says 
B)  measure her personality; measure her well-being 
C)  ask her; ask her friends 
D)  make observations; form hypotheses

Question 17

All of the following are approaches to studying personality EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  trait 
D)  political 
A)  cognitive 
B)  psychoanalytic 
C)  trait 
D)  political

Question 18

The ________ approach focuses on rewards and punishment and how behavior is a function of the situation.

Accepted Answer

A)  trait 
B)  biological 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning 
A)  trait 
B)  biological 
C)  humanistic 
D)  learning

Question 19

Which area of psychology has established a reasonable way to think about free will?

Accepted Answer

A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  trait 
C)  humanism 
D)  behaviorism 
A)  psychoanalysis 
B)  trait 
C)  humanism 
D)  behaviorism

Question 20

According to the text,consistent patterns of behavior are rooted in the following anatomical structures EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurotransmitters 
B)  hormones 
C)  the brain's frontal lobes 
D)  skeletal structure 
A)  neurotransmitters 
B)  hormones 
C)  the brain's frontal lobes 
D)  skeletal structure

The ________ approach focuses on individual differences that make every person unique.

Why is labeling often helpful?

Why is labeling at times dangerous?

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Trait

Anthony just won the lottery.What advice would a positive psychologist give him to secure his happiness?

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that Funder believes is important for selecting a personality approach to use in your own work?

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Humanistic

According to what we know about memory,most of the brain's activity is ________.

What label describes personality that is both unusual and problematic?

Research from the ________ has demonstrated the consistency of a pattern of thought like pessimism.

Decades of research has shown that John Locke's idea that the human mind is a blank slate at birth is ________.

According to the text,what we don't know about the biological roots of personality ________ what we do know.

According to the text,labeling personality patterns is both and .

According to the text,which of the following contribute to an individual's view of reality?

Laura always scores extremely high on conscientiousness.According to what we know about the trait of conscientiousness,what is a possible explanation for why Laura will likely live longer than her peers?

The most effective way to learn about a person is to and .

All of the following are approaches to studying personality EXCEPT ________.

The ________ approach focuses on rewards and punishment and how behavior is a function of the situation.

Which area of psychology has established a reasonable way to think about free will?

According to the text,consistent patterns of behavior are rooted in the following anatomical structures EXCEPT ________.

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Filters

Exam 18: Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

The ________ approach focuses on individual differences that make every person unique.

Why is labeling often helpful?

Why is labeling at times dangerous?

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Trait

Anthony just won the lottery.What advice would a positive psychologist give him to secure his happiness?

Which of the following is NOT one of the criteria that Funder believes is important for selecting a personality approach to use in your own work?

Match the scientific goal with the associated approach to studying personality. -Humanistic

According to what we know about memory,most of the brain's activity is ________.

What label describes personality that is both unusual and problematic?

Research from the ________ has demonstrated the consistency of a pattern of thought like pessimism.

Decades of research has shown that John Locke's idea that the human mind is a blank slate at birth is ________.

According to the text,what we don't know about the biological roots of personality ________ what we do know.

According to the text,labeling personality patterns is both ________ and ________.

According to the text,which of the following contribute to an individual's view of reality?

Laura always scores extremely high on conscientiousness.According to what we know about the trait of conscientiousness,what is a possible explanation for why Laura will likely live longer than her peers?

The most effective way to learn about a person is to ________ and ________.

All of the following are approaches to studying personality EXCEPT ________.

The ________ approach focuses on rewards and punishment and how behavior is a function of the situation.

Which area of psychology has established a reasonable way to think about free will?

According to the text,consistent patterns of behavior are rooted in the following anatomical structures EXCEPT ________.

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Filters

According to the text,labeling personality patterns is both and .

The most effective way to learn about a person is to and .