Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of idiographic goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are conscious at least some of the time. 
B)  They are common goals that essentially everyone pursues. 
C)  They are assumed to be changeable over time. 
D)  They are assumed to function independently of each other. 
A)  They are conscious at least some of the time. 
B)  They are common goals that essentially everyone pursues. 
C)  They are assumed to be changeable over time. 
D)  They are assumed to function independently of each other.

Question 2

According to current research,what factors contribute to one's level of happiness?

Accepted Answer

A)  an individual's personality, the situation they are in, and their behavior in that situation 
B)  intentional activity, life circumstances, and genetic influences 
C)  an individual's social relationship, occupation, and home environment 
D)  an individual's perception type, thinking style, and basic emotional response 
A)  an individual's personality, the situation they are in, and their behavior in that situation 
B)  intentional activity, life circumstances, and genetic influences 
C)  an individual's social relationship, occupation, and home environment 
D)  an individual's perception type, thinking style, and basic emotional response

Question 3

When researchers say,"preferences need no inferences" with respect to emotion,what are they really arguing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Appraisal does not need to come first in the emotion process. 
B)  Appraisal must come first in the emotion process. 
C)  Personality traits are more important than situations for determining emotions. 
D)  Attitudes are more important than personality traits for determining emotions. 
A)  Appraisal does not need to come first in the emotion process. 
B)  Appraisal must come first in the emotion process. 
C)  Personality traits are more important than situations for determining emotions. 
D)  Attitudes are more important than personality traits for determining emotions.

Question 4

What goal-related term describes the ongoing motivation that persists in the mind until the goal is either attained or abandoned?

Accepted Answer

A)  current concerns 
B)  personal projects 
C)  judgment goals 
D)  personal strivings 
A)  current concerns 
B)  personal projects 
C)  judgment goals 
D)  personal strivings

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT one of the five types of goals that emerge repeatedly in studies of nomothetic goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  enjoyment 
B)  esteem 
C)  avoidance of negative affect 
D)  learning 
A)  enjoyment 
B)  esteem 
C)  avoidance of negative affect 
D)  learning

Question 6

Amy is a generally aggressive and hostile child.Imagine that Suzanne accidentally bumped into Amy in a crowded room.Based on theories related to priming and chronic accessibility,Amy would perceive Suzanne's bump as an ________ and likely respond with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  accident; aggression 
B)  accident; an apology 
C)  intentionally hostile act; an apology 
D)  intentionally hostile act; aggression 
A)  accident; aggression 
B)  accident; an apology 
C)  intentionally hostile act; an apology 
D)  intentionally hostile act; aggression

Question 7

Match each definition with its type of goal.
-Personal strivings

Accepted Answer

A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long-term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself 
A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long-term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself

Question 8

A need for ________ is NOT one of the primary goals proposed by David McClelland.

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement 
B)  autonomy 
C)  affiliation 
D)  power 
A)  achievement 
B)  autonomy 
C)  affiliation 
D)  power

Question 9

According to research on goals across the life span,individuals who are near the end of their lives typically shift goals from ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  exploring the world to having emotionally meaningful experiences 
B)  having emotionally meaningful experiences to accepting decay 
C)  getting along to going at it alone 
D)  the development type to the judgment type 
A)  exploring the world to having emotionally meaningful experiences 
B)  having emotionally meaningful experiences to accepting decay 
C)  getting along to going at it alone 
D)  the development type to the judgment type

Question 10

I am preparing for a test in psychology,and I tell you,"I'm sure that I'm going to fail.I'm going to study all night,and I'll just be happy with anything higher than a C." You are preparing for the same test and you say,"Oh,come on.We've been going to lecture and keeping up with the reading-we just need to review everything tonight and I'm sure we'll do well on the test." What would research concerning pessimistic and optimistic strategies predict about our outcomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  I will get a higher grade on the test than you will. 
B)  You will get a higher grade on the test than I will. 
C)  We will get about the same grades on the test. 
D)  I will be happier with my grade than you will. 
A)  I will get a higher grade on the test than you will. 
B)  You will get a higher grade on the test than I will. 
C)  We will get about the same grades on the test. 
D)  I will be happier with my grade than you will.

Question 11

Given that Rory works hard on his golf game and pursues excellence,he should score high in which of McClelland's primary goals?

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement 
B)  domination 
C)  mastery 
D)  performance 
A)  achievement 
B)  domination 
C)  mastery 
D)  performance

Question 12

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion..
-Anger

Accepted Answer

A) Receive support from others 
B) Protect territory, resources, or mates 
C) Obtain forgiveness from the offending party 
D) Perseverance in the face of obstacles 
E) Anticipate danger and escape harm 
A) Receive support from others 
B) Protect territory, resources, or mates 
C) Obtain forgiveness from the offending party 
D) Perseverance in the face of obstacles 
E) Anticipate danger and escape harm

Question 13

Match each definition with its type of goal.
-Ideographic goals

Accepted Answer

A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long-term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself 
A) Goals that everyone has 
B) Goals to improve oneself 
C) Goals that are long-term and can organize broad areas of a person's life 
D) Goals that are specific to the individual 
E) Goals to validate an attribute in oneself

Question 14

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion..
-Sadness

Accepted Answer

A) Receive support from others 
B) Protect territory, resources, or mates 
C) Obtain forgiveness from the offending party 
D) Perseverance in the face of obstacles 
E) Anticipate danger and escape harm 
A) Receive support from others 
B) Protect territory, resources, or mates 
C) Obtain forgiveness from the offending party 
D) Perseverance in the face of obstacles 
E) Anticipate danger and escape harm

Question 15

According to the theory surrounding the Big Five,what term describes the generalized scripts that are produced by the Big Five traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  if ... then patterns 
B)  personal projects 
C)  performance goals 
D)  characteristic adaptations 
A)  if ... then patterns 
B)  personal projects 
C)  performance goals 
D)  characteristic adaptations

Question 16

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion..
-Hope

Accepted Answer

A) Receive support from others 
B) Protect territory, resources, or mates 
C) Obtain forgiveness from the offending party 
D) Perseverance in the face of obstacles 
E) Anticipate danger and escape harm 
A) Receive support from others 
B) Protect territory, resources, or mates 
C) Obtain forgiveness from the offending party 
D) Perseverance in the face of obstacles 
E) Anticipate danger and escape harm

Question 17

Rosie has recently been rejected from several graduate school programs.In response,she works on the weak aspects of her application and intends to gain experience and reapply the following year.Rosie is high in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  power motivation 
B)  affiliation motivation 
C)  achievement motivation 
D)  developmental motivation 
A)  power motivation 
B)  affiliation motivation 
C)  achievement motivation 
D)  developmental motivation

Question 18

According to the text,which of the following is an example of the negative consequences associated with rapidly changing emotions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frequent emotional swings cause stress to both the person experiencing them and surrounding others. 
B)  Frequent emotional swings limit the individual's capacity to adapt to any one environment. 
C)  Frequent emotional swings create social distance and sometimes result in chronic depression. 
D)  Frequent emotional swings typically create many more negative emotional experiences than positive emotional experiences. 
A)  Frequent emotional swings cause stress to both the person experiencing them and surrounding others. 
B)  Frequent emotional swings limit the individual's capacity to adapt to any one environment. 
C)  Frequent emotional swings create social distance and sometimes result in chronic depression. 
D)  Frequent emotional swings typically create many more negative emotional experiences than positive emotional experiences.

Question 19

Mrs.Garcia often invites her family and friends to her house for lunches and parties.She is also involved with the people in her church group and in the Parent-Teacher Association at her child's school.According to McClelland's view of motivations,Mrs.Garcia is high in ________ motivation.

Accepted Answer

A)  achievement 
B)  affiliation 
C)  power 
D)  connectedness 
A)  achievement 
B)  affiliation 
C)  power 
D)  connectedness

Question 20

A strong,consistent,and stable tendency to experience positive and energizing emotions is the fundamental feature of what trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  extraversion 
C)  openness 
D)  achievement motivation 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  extraversion 
C)  openness 
D)  achievement motivation

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of idiographic goals?

According to current research,what factors contribute to one's level of happiness?

When researchers say,"preferences need no inferences" with respect to emotion,what are they really arguing?

What goal-related term describes the ongoing motivation that persists in the mind until the goal is either attained or abandoned?

Which of the following is NOT one of the five types of goals that emerge repeatedly in studies of nomothetic goals?

Amy is a generally aggressive and hostile child.Imagine that Suzanne accidentally bumped into Amy in a crowded room.Based on theories related to priming and chronic accessibility,Amy would perceive Suzanne's bump as an and likely respond with .

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Personal strivings

A need for ________ is NOT one of the primary goals proposed by David McClelland.

According to research on goals across the life span,individuals who are near the end of their lives typically shift goals from ________.

Given that Rory works hard on his golf game and pursues excellence,he should score high in which of McClelland's primary goals?

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion.. -Anger

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Ideographic goals

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion.. -Sadness

According to the theory surrounding the Big Five,what term describes the generalized scripts that are produced by the Big Five traits?

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion.. -Hope

Rosie has recently been rejected from several graduate school programs.In response,she works on the weak aspects of her application and intends to gain experience and reapply the following year.Rosie is high in ________.

According to the text,which of the following is an example of the negative consequences associated with rapidly changing emotions?

Mrs.Garcia often invites her family and friends to her house for lunches and parties.She is also involved with the people in her church group and in the Parent-Teacher Association at her child's school.According to McClelland's view of motivations,Mrs.Garcia is high in ________ motivation.

A strong,consistent,and stable tendency to experience positive and energizing emotions is the fundamental feature of what trait?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Exam 15: Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of idiographic goals?

According to current research,what factors contribute to one's level of happiness?

When researchers say,"preferences need no inferences" with respect to emotion,what are they really arguing?

What goal-related term describes the ongoing motivation that persists in the mind until the goal is either attained or abandoned?

Which of the following is NOT one of the five types of goals that emerge repeatedly in studies of nomothetic goals?

Amy is a generally aggressive and hostile child.Imagine that Suzanne accidentally bumped into Amy in a crowded room.Based on theories related to priming and chronic accessibility,Amy would perceive Suzanne's bump as an ________ and likely respond with ________.

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Personal strivings

A need for ________ is NOT one of the primary goals proposed by David McClelland.

According to research on goals across the life span,individuals who are near the end of their lives typically shift goals from ________.

Given that Rory works hard on his golf game and pursues excellence,he should score high in which of McClelland's primary goals?

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion.. -Anger

Match each definition with its type of goal. -Ideographic goals

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion.. -Sadness

According to the theory surrounding the Big Five,what term describes the generalized scripts that are produced by the Big Five traits?

Match the adaptive function with its associated emotion.. -Hope

Rosie has recently been rejected from several graduate school programs.In response,she works on the weak aspects of her application and intends to gain experience and reapply the following year.Rosie is high in ________.

According to the text,which of the following is an example of the negative consequences associated with rapidly changing emotions?

Mrs.Garcia often invites her family and friends to her house for lunches and parties.She is also involved with the people in her church group and in the Parent-Teacher Association at her child's school.According to McClelland's view of motivations,Mrs.Garcia is high in ________ motivation.

A strong,consistent,and stable tendency to experience positive and energizing emotions is the fundamental feature of what trait?

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Amy is a generally aggressive and hostile child.Imagine that Suzanne accidentally bumped into Amy in a crowded room.Based on theories related to priming and chronic accessibility,Amy would perceive Suzanne's bump as an and likely respond with .