Question 1

When individuals have rank-order personality consistency,they maintain the ways in which they ________ other people the same age.

Accepted Answer

A)  are the same as 
B)  change from 
C)  are different from 
D)  are liked by 
A)  are the same as 
B)  change from 
C)  are different from 
D)  are liked by

Question 2

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development.
-Identity development principle

Accepted Answer

A) Taking on roles or images such as being a "jock" can lead personality to be consistent over time. 
B) People become better equipped to deal with the demands of life as they acquire experience and skills. 
C) People seek to develop a stable sense of whom they are and then strive to act consistently with this self-view. 
D) Personality can change at any time (but such change may not be easy). 
E) Personality traits increase in rank-order consistency as people get older.
F)Person-environment transactions can cause personality traits to remain consistent or even magnify over time.
G)Changing social roles at different stages of life, such as becoming a spouse, parent, or boss, can cause personality to change. 
A) Taking on roles or images such as being a "jock" can lead personality to be consistent over time. 
B) People become better equipped to deal with the demands of life as they acquire experience and skills. 
C) People seek to develop a stable sense of whom they are and then strive to act consistently with this self-view. 
D) Personality can change at any time (but such change may not be easy). 
E) Personality traits increase in rank-order consistency as people get older.
F)Person-environment transactions can cause personality traits to remain consistent or even magnify over time.
G)Changing social roles at different stages of life, such as becoming a spouse, parent, or boss, can cause personality to change.

Question 3

The following exercises are used to help develop self-control EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  meditating 
B)  self-affirmation 
C)  relaxing 
D)  reconsidering temptations 
A)  meditating 
B)  self-affirmation 
C)  relaxing 
D)  reconsidering temptations

Question 4

According to the text,each of the principles of personality development is well suited to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  argue against the previous claim that personality changes across the life span 
B)  serve as the bases of personality development and as a guide for future research 
C)  direct a therapist's approach to effortful personal change 
D)  argue against the previous claim that personality remains stable across the life span 
A)  argue against the previous claim that personality changes across the life span 
B)  serve as the bases of personality development and as a guide for future research 
C)  direct a therapist's approach to effortful personal change 
D)  argue against the previous claim that personality remains stable across the life span

Question 5

According to a new theoretical model for personality change,if individuals ________,the trait change will follow.

Accepted Answer

A)  change their mindset 
B)  change the relevant environmental factors 
C)  change the relevant behaviors 
D)  change their life goals 
A)  change their mindset 
B)  change the relevant environmental factors 
C)  change the relevant behaviors 
D)  change their life goals

Question 6

The process by which a person seeks out compatible environments and avoids incompatible ones is called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  active person-environmental transaction 
B)  reactive personal-environment transaction 
C)  evocative person-environment transaction 
D)  heterotypic continuity 
A)  active person-environmental transaction 
B)  reactive personal-environment transaction 
C)  evocative person-environment transaction 
D)  heterotypic continuity

Question 7

Research suggests that women who follow ________ reported being content and satisfied with life 20 years after graduation.

Accepted Answer

A)  the Feminine Social Clock 
B)  the Masculine Social Clock 
C)  neither the Feminine Social Clock nor the social clock 
D)  either the Feminine Social Clock or Masculine Social Clock 
A)  the Feminine Social Clock 
B)  the Masculine Social Clock 
C)  neither the Feminine Social Clock nor the social clock 
D)  either the Feminine Social Clock or Masculine Social Clock

Question 8

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development.
-Social investment principle

Accepted Answer

A) Taking on roles or images such as being a "jock" can lead personality to be consistent over time. 
B) People become better equipped to deal with the demands of life as they acquire experience and skills. 
C) People seek to develop a stable sense of whom they are and then strive to act consistently with this self-view. 
D) Personality can change at any time (but such change may not be easy). 
E) Personality traits increase in rank-order consistency as people get older.
F)Person-environment transactions can cause personality traits to remain consistent or even magnify over time.
G)Changing social roles at different stages of life, such as becoming a spouse, parent, or boss, can cause personality to change. 
A) Taking on roles or images such as being a "jock" can lead personality to be consistent over time. 
B) People become better equipped to deal with the demands of life as they acquire experience and skills. 
C) People seek to develop a stable sense of whom they are and then strive to act consistently with this self-view. 
D) Personality can change at any time (but such change may not be easy). 
E) Personality traits increase in rank-order consistency as people get older.
F)Person-environment transactions can cause personality traits to remain consistent or even magnify over time.
G)Changing social roles at different stages of life, such as becoming a spouse, parent, or boss, can cause personality to change.

Question 9

According to psychologist Frank Sulloway,firstborns are more ________ compared to later borns.

Accepted Answer

A)  conscientious 
B)  neurotic 
C)  open to experience 
D)  extraverted 
A)  conscientious 
B)  neurotic 
C)  open to experience 
D)  extraverted

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a basic aspects of childhood temperament?

Accepted Answer

A)  positive emotionality 
B)  negative emotionality 
C)  effortful control 
D)  heterotypic continuity 
A)  positive emotionality 
B)  negative emotionality 
C)  effortful control 
D)  heterotypic continuity

Question 11

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development.
-Corresponsive principle

Accepted Answer

A) Taking on roles or images such as being a "jock" can lead personality to be consistent over time. 
B) People become better equipped to deal with the demands of life as they acquire experience and skills. 
C) People seek to develop a stable sense of whom they are and then strive to act consistently with this self-view. 
D) Personality can change at any time (but such change may not be easy). 
E) Personality traits increase in rank-order consistency as people get older.
F)Person-environment transactions can cause personality traits to remain consistent or even magnify over time.
G)Changing social roles at different stages of life, such as becoming a spouse, parent, or boss, can cause personality to change. 
A) Taking on roles or images such as being a "jock" can lead personality to be consistent over time. 
B) People become better equipped to deal with the demands of life as they acquire experience and skills. 
C) People seek to develop a stable sense of whom they are and then strive to act consistently with this self-view. 
D) Personality can change at any time (but such change may not be easy). 
E) Personality traits increase in rank-order consistency as people get older.
F)Person-environment transactions can cause personality traits to remain consistent or even magnify over time.
G)Changing social roles at different stages of life, such as becoming a spouse, parent, or boss, can cause personality to change.

Question 12

According to the text,what paradox is central to the study of personality development?

Accepted Answer

A)  People change throughout their lives yet fundamental personality traits maintain rank-order stability in relation to others in their age group. 
B)  People's personality changes both across their entire lives and in response to specific events. 
C)  People develop their personalities according to both nature and nurture. 
D)  Some people's personalities change dramatically over the life span, and some people don't change at all. 
A)  People change throughout their lives yet fundamental personality traits maintain rank-order stability in relation to others in their age group. 
B)  People's personality changes both across their entire lives and in response to specific events. 
C)  People develop their personalities according to both nature and nurture. 
D)  Some people's personalities change dramatically over the life span, and some people don't change at all.

Question 13

How capable are we of changing ourselves? Are we passive or active in the process? Identify interventions and techniques used to aid in effortful personal change.

Accepted Answer

As human beings, we are incredibly capab

Question 14

According to a classic study,individuals who grew up during the Great Depression had different attitudes regarding work and financial security than those who did not grow up during this time.These findings provide evidence for ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the maturity principle 
B)  cohort effects 
C)  rank-order stability of personality 
D)  cumulative continuity principle 
A)  the maturity principle 
B)  cohort effects 
C)  rank-order stability of personality 
D)  cumulative continuity principle

Question 15

________ generally refers to the traits that help a person to fulfill socially important adult roles such as being a spouse,a parent,or a worker.

Accepted Answer

A)  Responsibility 
B)  Consistency 
C)  Maturity 
D)  Generativity 
A)  Responsibility 
B)  Consistency 
C)  Maturity 
D)  Generativity

Question 16

According to psychologist Ravenna Helson,someone who stays "on time" in relation to their social clock ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  receives social approval 
B)  feels no different than someone who is "behind" 
C)  receives social shaming 
D)  feels as if they have not "lived" 
A)  receives social approval 
B)  feels no different than someone who is "behind" 
C)  receives social shaming 
D)  feels as if they have not "lived"

Question 17

The best sort of personality change ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is quick and focused 
B)  occurs in childhood but not in adulthood 
C)  is slow and steady 
D)  is a constant effortful struggle throughout the life span 
A)  is quick and focused 
B)  occurs in childhood but not in adulthood 
C)  is slow and steady 
D)  is a constant effortful struggle throughout the life span

Question 18

Maria is in her late 20s and is a manager at an advertising company.According to the text,Maria is following the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Feminine Social Clock 
B)  Neither Social Clock 
C)  Masculine Social Clock 
D)  Occupational Achievement Clock 
A)  Feminine Social Clock 
B)  Neither Social Clock 
C)  Masculine Social Clock 
D)  Occupational Achievement Clock

Question 19

What is a well-known issue with cross-sectional methodology?

Accepted Answer

A)  the length of time it takes to collect data from each and every age group 
B)  the possibility that differences in childhood social environment is determining differences between age groups 
C)  the difficulty in obtaining data from each and every age group 
D)  the possibility that one group is over-represented in the study 
A)  the length of time it takes to collect data from each and every age group 
B)  the possibility that differences in childhood social environment is determining differences between age groups 
C)  the difficulty in obtaining data from each and every age group 
D)  the possibility that one group is over-represented in the study

Question 20

According to recent evidence,results from longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies about personality traits are ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  only slightly different 
B)  drastically different 
C)  not comparable 
D)  only the same in certain contexts 
A)  only slightly different 
B)  drastically different 
C)  not comparable 
D)  only the same in certain contexts

When individuals have rank-order personality consistency,they maintain the ways in which they ________ other people the same age.

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development. -Identity development principle

The following exercises are used to help develop self-control EXCEPT ________.

According to the text,each of the principles of personality development is well suited to ________.

According to a new theoretical model for personality change,if individuals ________,the trait change will follow.

The process by which a person seeks out compatible environments and avoids incompatible ones is called ________.

Research suggests that women who follow ________ reported being content and satisfied with life 20 years after graduation.

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development. -Social investment principle

According to psychologist Frank Sulloway,firstborns are more ________ compared to later borns.

Which of the following is NOT a basic aspects of childhood temperament?

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development. -Corresponsive principle

According to the text,what paradox is central to the study of personality development?

How capable are we of changing ourselves? Are we passive or active in the process? Identify interventions and techniques used to aid in effortful personal change.

According to a classic study,individuals who grew up during the Great Depression had different attitudes regarding work and financial security than those who did not grow up during this time.These findings provide evidence for ________.

________ generally refers to the traits that help a person to fulfill socially important adult roles such as being a spouse,a parent,or a worker.

According to psychologist Ravenna Helson,someone who stays "on time" in relation to their social clock ________.

The best sort of personality change ________.

Maria is in her late 20s and is a manager at an advertising company.According to the text,Maria is following the ________.

What is a well-known issue with cross-sectional methodology?

According to recent evidence,results from longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies about personality traits are ________.

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Exam 7: Personality Stability, Development, and Change

When individuals have rank-order personality consistency,they maintain the ways in which they ________ other people the same age.

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development. -Identity development principle

The following exercises are used to help develop self-control EXCEPT ________.

According to the text,each of the principles of personality development is well suited to ________.

According to a new theoretical model for personality change,if individuals ________,the trait change will follow.

The process by which a person seeks out compatible environments and avoids incompatible ones is called ________.

Research suggests that women who follow ________ reported being content and satisfied with life 20 years after graduation.

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development. -Social investment principle

According to psychologist Frank Sulloway,firstborns are more ________ compared to later borns.

Which of the following is NOT a basic aspects of childhood temperament?

Match each definition with its associated principle of personality development. -Corresponsive principle

According to the text,what paradox is central to the study of personality development?

How capable are we of changing ourselves? Are we passive or active in the process? Identify interventions and techniques used to aid in effortful personal change.

According to a classic study,individuals who grew up during the Great Depression had different attitudes regarding work and financial security than those who did not grow up during this time.These findings provide evidence for ________.

________ generally refers to the traits that help a person to fulfill socially important adult roles such as being a spouse,a parent,or a worker.

According to psychologist Ravenna Helson,someone who stays "on time" in relation to their social clock ________.

The best sort of personality change ________.

Maria is in her late 20s and is a manager at an advertising company.According to the text,Maria is following the ________.

What is a well-known issue with cross-sectional methodology?

According to recent evidence,results from longitudinal studies and cross-sectional studies about personality traits are ________.

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters