Exam 8: AWS Certified Security - Specialty (SCS-C01)

An Application Developer is using an AWS Lambda function that must use AWS KMS to perform encrypt and decrypt operations for API keys that are less than 2 KB. Which key policy would allow the application to do this while granting least privilege?

Example.com hosts its internal document repository on Amazon EC2 instances. The application runs on EC2 instances and previously stored the documents on encrypted Amazon EBS volumes. To optimize the application for scale, example.com has moved the files to Amazon S3. The security team has mandated that all the files are securely deleted from the EBS volume, and it must certify that the data is unreadable before releasing the underlying disks. Which of the following methods will ensure that the data is unreadable by anyone else?

Unapproved changes were previously made to a company's Amazon S3 bucket. A security engineer configured AWS Config to record configuration changes made to the company's S3 buckets. The engineer discovers there are S3 configuration changes being made, but no Amazon SNS notifications are being sent. The engineer has already checked the configuration of the SNS topic and has confirmed the configuration is valid. Which combination of steps should the security engineer take to resolve the issue? (Choose two.)

An employee accidentally exposed an AWS access key and secret access key during a public presentation. The company Security Engineer immediately disabled the key. How can the Engineer assess the impact of the key exposure and ensure that the credentials were not misused? (Choose two.)

A company's security policy requires that VPC Flow Logs are enabled on all VPCs. A Security Engineer is looking to automate the process of auditing the VPC resources for compliance. What combination of actions should the Engineer take? (Choose two.)

In response to the past DDoS attack experiences, a Security Engineer has set up an Amazon CloudFront distribution for an Amazon S3 bucket. There is concern that some users may bypass the CloudFront distribution and access the S3 bucket directly. What must be done to prevent users from accessing the S3 objects directly by using URLs?

A developer reported that AWS CloudTrail was disabled on their account. A security engineer investigated the account and discovered the event was undetected by the current security solution. The security engineer must recommend a solution that will detect future changes to the CloudTrail configuration and send alerts when changes occur. What should the security engineer do to meet these requirements?

A Security Engineer for a large company is managing a data processing application used by 1,500 subsidiary companies. The parent and subsidiary companies all use AWS. The application uses TCP port 443 and runs on Amazon EC2 behind a Network Load Balancer (NLB). For compliance reasons, the application should only be accessible to the subsidiaries and should not be available on the public internet. To meet the compliance requirements for restricted access, the Engineer has received the public and private CIDR block ranges for each subsidiary. What solution should the Engineer use to implement the appropriate access restrictions for the application?

A company uses multiple AWS accounts managed with AWS Organizations. Security engineers have created a standard set of security groups for all these. accounts. The security policy requires that these security groups be used for all applications and delegates modification authority to the security team only. A recent security audit found that the security groups are inconsistently implemented across accounts and that unauthorized changes have been made to the security groups. A security engineer needs to recommend a solution to improve consistency and to prevent unauthorized changes in the individual accounts in the future. Which solution should the security engineer recommend?

A company recently performed an annual security assessment of its AWS environment. The assessment showed the audit logs are not available beyond 90 days and that unauthorized changes to IAM policies are made without detection. How should a Security Engineer resolve these issues?

An organization has tens of applications deployed on thousands of Amazon EC2 instances. During testing, the Application team needs information to let them know whether the network access control lists (network ACLs) and security groups are working as expected. How can the Application team's requirements be met?

A security engineer has noticed that VPC Flow Logs are getting a lot of REJECT traffic originating from a single Amazon EC2 instance in an Auto Scaling group. The security engineer is concerned that this EC2 instance may be compromised. What immediate action should the security engineer take?

A company's director of information security wants a daily email report from AWS that contains recommendations for each company account to meet AWS Security best practices. Which solution would meet these requirements?

A company's development team is designing an application using AWS Lambda and Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS). The development team needs to create IAM roles to support these systems. The company's security team wants to allow the developers to build IAM roles directly, but the security team wants to retain control over the permissions the developers can delegate to those roles. The development team needs access to more permissions than those required for application's AWS services. The solution must minimize management overhead. How should the security team prevent privilege escalation for both teams?

After multiple compromises of its Amazon EC2 instances, a company's Security Officer is mandating that memory dumps of compromised instances be captured for further analysis. A Security Engineer just received an EC2 abuse notification report from AWS stating that an EC2 instance running the most recent Windows Server 2019 Base AMI is compromised. How should the Security Engineer collect a memory dump of the EC2 instance for forensic analysis?

A company uses user data scripts that contain sensitive information to bootstrap Amazon EC2 instances. A Security Engineer discovers that this sensitive information is viewable by people who should not have access to it. What is the MOST secure way to protect the sensitive information used to bootstrap the instances?

A Security Engineer must enforce the use of only Amazon EC2, Amazon S3, Amazon RDS, Amazon DynamoDB, and AWS STS in specific accounts. What is a scalable and efficient approach to meet this requirement?

A security alert has been raised for an Amazon EC2 instance in a customer account that is exhibiting strange behavior. The Security Engineer must first isolate the EC2 instance and then use tools for further investigation. What should the Security Engineer use to isolate and research this event? (Choose three.)

A company needs a forensic-logging solution for hundreds of applications running in Docker on Amazon EC2. The solution must perform real-time analytics on the logs, must support the replay of messages, and must persist the logs. Which AWS services should be used to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

A company stores data on an Amazon EBS volume attached to an Amazon EC2 instance. The data is asynchronously replicated to an Amazon S3 bucket. Both the EBS volume and the S3 bucket are encrypted with the same AWS KMS Customer Master Key (CMK). A former employee scheduled a deletion of that CMK before leaving the company. The company's Developer Operations department learns about this only after the CMK has been deleted. Which steps must be taken to address this situation?