Question 1

Which of the following commands displays the output of the foo command on the screen and also writes it to a file called /tmp/foodata ?

Accepted Answer

Question 2

What is the correct way to set the default systemd boot target to multi-user ?

Accepted Answer

A)  systemctl isolate multi-user.target 
B)  systemctl set-runlevel multi-user.target 
C)  systemctl set-boot multi-user.target 
D)  systemctl set-default multi-user.target 
E)  systemctl boot -p multi-user.target 
A)  systemctl isolate multi-user.target 
B)  systemctl set-runlevel multi-user.target 
C)  systemctl set-boot multi-user.target 
D)  systemctl set-default multi-user.target 
E)  systemctl boot -p multi-user.target

Question 3

Which of the following are valid stream redirection operators within Bash?

Accepted Answer

A)   
C)  %> 
D)  >>> 
E)  2>&1 
A)   
C)  %> 
D)  >>> 
E)  2>&1

Question 4

Which of the following statements are correct about the initial RAM disk involved in the boot process of Linux?

Accepted Answer

A)  An initramfs is a compressed file system archive, which can be unpacked to examine its contents. 
B)  An initramfs file contains the MBR, the bootloader and the Linux kernel. 
C)  After a successful boot, the initramfs contents are available in /run/initramfs/ . After a successful boot, the initramfs contents are available in /run/initramfs/ . 
D)  The kernel uses the initramfs temporarily before accessing the real root file system. 
E)  An initramfs does not depend on a specific kernel version and is not changed after the initial installation. 
A)  An initramfs is a compressed file system archive, which can be unpacked to examine its contents. 
B)  An initramfs file contains the MBR, the bootloader and the Linux kernel. 
C)  After a successful boot, the initramfs contents are available in /run/initramfs/ . After a successful boot, the initramfs contents are available in /run/initramfs/ . 
D)  The kernel uses the initramfs temporarily before accessing the real root file system. 
E)  An initramfs does not depend on a specific kernel version and is not changed after the initial installation.

Question 5

Given a log file loga.log with timestamps of the format DD/MM/YYYY:hh:mm:ss , which command filters out all log entries in the time period between 8:00 am and 8:59 am?

Accepted Answer

A)  grep -E ':08:[09]+:[09]+' loga.log 
B)  grep -E ':08:[00]+' loga.log 
C)  grep -E loga.log ':08:[0-9]+:[0-9]+' 
D)  grep loga.log ':08:[0-9]:[0-9]' 
E)  grep -E ':08:[0-9]+:[0-9]+' loga.log 
A)  grep -E ':08:[09]+:[09]+' loga.log 
B)  grep -E ':08:[00]+' loga.log 
C)  grep -E loga.log ':08:[0-9]+:[0-9]+' 
D)  grep loga.log ':08:[0-9]:[0-9]' 
E)  grep -E ':08:[0-9]+:[0-9]+' loga.log

Question 6

A yum repository can declare sets of related packages. Which yum command installs all packages belonging to the group admintools ?

Accepted Answer

A)  yum pkgsel --install admintools 
B)  yum install admintools/* 
C)  yum groupinstall admintools 
D)  yum taskinstall admintools 
E)  yum collection install admintools 
A)  yum pkgsel --install admintools 
B)  yum install admintools/* 
C)  yum groupinstall admintools 
D)  yum taskinstall admintools 
E)  yum collection install admintools

Question 7

Which of the following commands determines a file's format by using a definition database file which contains information about all common file types?

Accepted Answer

A)  type 
B)  file 
C)  magic 
D)  pmagic 
E)  hash 
A)  type 
B)  file 
C)  magic 
D)  pmagic 
E)  hash

Question 8

Which chown command changes the ownership to dave and the group to staff on a file named data.txt ?

Accepted Answer

A)  chown dave/staff data.txt 
B)  chown -u dave -g staff data.txt 
C)  chown --user dave --group staff data.txt 
D)  chown dave+staff data.txt 
E)  chown dave:staff data.txt 
A)  chown dave/staff data.txt 
B)  chown -u dave -g staff data.txt 
C)  chown --user dave --group staff data.txt 
D)  chown dave+staff data.txt 
E)  chown dave:staff data.txt

Question 9

When considering the use of hard links, what are valid reasons not to use hard links?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hard links are not available on all Linux systems because traditional filesystems, such as ext4, do not support them 
B)  Each hard link has individual ownership, permissions and ACLs which can lead to unintended disclosure of file content 
C)  Hard links are specific to one filesystem and cannot point to files on another filesystem 
D)  If users other than root should be able to create hard links, suln has to be installed and configured If users other than root should be able to create hard links, suln has to be installed and configured 
E)  When a hard linked file is changed, a copy of the file is created and consumes additional space 
A)  Hard links are not available on all Linux systems because traditional filesystems, such as ext4, do not support them 
B)  Each hard link has individual ownership, permissions and ACLs which can lead to unintended disclosure of file content 
C)  Hard links are specific to one filesystem and cannot point to files on another filesystem 
D)  If users other than root should be able to create hard links, suln has to be installed and configured If users other than root should be able to create hard links, suln has to be installed and configured 
E)  When a hard linked file is changed, a copy of the file is created and consumes additional space

Question 10

What is the purpose of the xargs command?

Accepted Answer

A)  It passes arguments to an X server. 
B)  It repeats the execution of a command using different parameters for each invocation. 
C)  It reads standard input and builds up commands to execute. 
D)  It asks a question, graphically, and returns the response to the shell. 
E)  It allows specifying long options (like --help ) for commands that normally only accept short options (like -h ) It allows specifying long options (like --help ) for commands that normally only accept short options (like -h ) 
A)  It passes arguments to an X server. 
B)  It repeats the execution of a command using different parameters for each invocation. 
C)  It reads standard input and builds up commands to execute. 
D)  It asks a question, graphically, and returns the response to the shell. 
E)  It allows specifying long options (like --help ) for commands that normally only accept short options (like -h ) It allows specifying long options (like --help ) for commands that normally only accept short options (like -h )

Question 11

Which of the following commands sets the SetUID permission on the executable /bin/foo ?

Accepted Answer

A)  chmod 4755 /bin/foo 
B)  chmod 1755 /bin/foo 
C)  chmod u-s /bin/foo 
D)  chmod 755+s /bin/foo 
E)  chmod 2755 /bin/foo 
A)  chmod 4755 /bin/foo 
B)  chmod 1755 /bin/foo 
C)  chmod u-s /bin/foo 
D)  chmod 755+s /bin/foo 
E)  chmod 2755 /bin/foo

Question 12

When is the content of the kernel ring buffer reset?

Accepted Answer

A)  When the ring buffer is explicitly reset using the command dmesg --clear When the ring buffer is explicitly reset using the command dmesg --clear 
B)  When the ring buffer is read using dmesg without any additional parameters When the ring buffer is read using dmesg without any additional parameters 
C)  When a configurable amount of time, 15 minutes by default, has passed 
D)  When the kernel loads a previously unloaded kernel module 
E)  When the system is shut down or rebooted 
A)  When the ring buffer is explicitly reset using the command dmesg --clear When the ring buffer is explicitly reset using the command dmesg --clear 
B)  When the ring buffer is read using dmesg without any additional parameters When the ring buffer is read using dmesg without any additional parameters 
C)  When a configurable amount of time, 15 minutes by default, has passed 
D)  When the kernel loads a previously unloaded kernel module 
E)  When the system is shut down or rebooted

Question 13

Which of the following statements are correct when comparing Linux containers with traditional virtual machines (e.g. LXC vs. KVM)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Containers are a lightweight virtualization method where the kernel controls process isolation and resource management. 
B)  Fully virtualized machines can run any operating system for a specific hardware architecture within the virtual machine. 
C)  Containers are completely decoupled from the host system's physical hardware and can only use emulated virtual hardware devices. 
D)  The guest environment for fully virtualized machines is created by a hypervisor which provides virtual and emulated hardware devices. 
E)  Containers on the same host can use different operating systems, as the container hypervisor creates separate kernel execution. 
A)  Containers are a lightweight virtualization method where the kernel controls process isolation and resource management. 
B)  Fully virtualized machines can run any operating system for a specific hardware architecture within the virtual machine. 
C)  Containers are completely decoupled from the host system's physical hardware and can only use emulated virtual hardware devices. 
D)  The guest environment for fully virtualized machines is created by a hypervisor which provides virtual and emulated hardware devices. 
E)  Containers on the same host can use different operating systems, as the container hypervisor creates separate kernel execution.

Question 14

Which is the default percentage of reserved space for the root user on new ext4 filesystems?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  3% 
C)  15% 
D)  0% 
E)  5% 
A)  10% 
B)  3% 
C)  15% 
D)  0% 
E)  5%

Question 15

After a power outage, the XFS file system of /dev/sda3 is inconsistent. How can the existing file system errors be fixed?

Accepted Answer

A)  By using mount -f to force a mount of the file system By using mount -f to force a mount of the file system 
B)  By running xfsck on the file system By running xfsck on the file system 
C)  By mounting the file system with the option xfs_repair By mounting the file system with the option xfs_repair 
D)  By running xfsadmin repair on the file system xfsadmin repair 
E)  By running xfs_repair on the file system 
A)  By using mount -f to force a mount of the file system By using mount -f to force a mount of the file system 
B)  By running xfsck on the file system By running xfsck on the file system 
C)  By mounting the file system with the option xfs_repair By mounting the file system with the option xfs_repair 
D)  By running xfsadmin repair on the file system xfsadmin repair 
E)  By running xfs_repair on the file system

Question 16

Which of the following commands installs GRUB 2 into the master boot record on the third hard disk?

Accepted Answer

A)  grub2 install /dev/sdc 
B)  grub-mkrescue /dev/sdc 
C)  grub-mbrinstall /dev/sdc 
D)  grub-setup /dev/sdc 
E)  grub-install /dev/sdc 
A)  grub2 install /dev/sdc 
B)  grub-mkrescue /dev/sdc 
C)  grub-mbrinstall /dev/sdc 
D)  grub-setup /dev/sdc 
E)  grub-install /dev/sdc

Question 17

Which of the following files exist in a standard GRUB 2 installation?

Accepted Answer

A)  /boot/grub/stages/stage0 
B)  /boot/grub/i386-pc/1vm.mod 
C)  /boot/grub/fstab 
D)  /boot/grub/grub.cfg 
E)  /boot/grub/linux/vmlinuz 
A)  /boot/grub/stages/stage0 
B)  /boot/grub/i386-pc/1vm.mod 
C)  /boot/grub/fstab 
D)  /boot/grub/grub.cfg 
E)  /boot/grub/linux/vmlinuz

Question 18

Which of the following is true when a file system, which is neither listed in /etc/fstab nor known to system, is mounted manually?

Accepted Answer

A)  systemd ignores any manual mounts which are not done using the systemctl mount command systemd ignores any manual mounts which are not done using the systemctl mount command 
B)  The command systemctl mountsync can be used to create a mount unit based on the existing mount The command systemctl mountsync can be used to create a mount unit based on the existing mount 
C)  systemd automatically generates a mount unit and monitors the mount point without changing it 
D)  Unless a systemd mount unit is created, systemd unmounts the file system after a short period of time 
E)  systemctl unmount must be used to remove the mount because system opens a file descriptor on the mount point systemctl unmount must be used to remove the mount because system opens a file descriptor on the mount point 
A)  systemd ignores any manual mounts which are not done using the systemctl mount command systemd ignores any manual mounts which are not done using the systemctl mount command 
B)  The command systemctl mountsync can be used to create a mount unit based on the existing mount The command systemctl mountsync can be used to create a mount unit based on the existing mount 
C)  systemd automatically generates a mount unit and monitors the mount point without changing it 
D)  Unless a systemd mount unit is created, systemd unmounts the file system after a short period of time 
E)  systemctl unmount must be used to remove the mount because system opens a file descriptor on the mount point systemctl unmount must be used to remove the mount because system opens a file descriptor on the mount point

Question 19

Which of the following commands lists the dependencies of the RPM package file foo.rpm ?

Accepted Answer

A)  rpm -qpR foo.rpm 
B)  rpm -dep foo 
C)  rpm -ld foo.rpm 
D)  rpm -R foo.rpm 
E)  rpm -pD foo 
A)  rpm -qpR foo.rpm 
B)  rpm -dep foo 
C)  rpm -ld foo.rpm 
D)  rpm -R foo.rpm 
E)  rpm -pD foo

Question 20

A backup software heavily uses hard links between files which have not been changed in between two backup runs. Which benefits are realized due to these hard links?

Accepted Answer

A)  The old backups can be moved to slow backup media, such as tapes, while still serving as hard link target in new backups. 
B)  The backup runs faster because hard links are asynchronous operations, postponing the copy operation to a later point in time. 
C)  The backup is guaranteed to be uncharged because a hard linked file cannot be modified after its creation. 
D)  The backup consumes less space because the hard links point to the same data on disk instead of storing redundant copies. 
E)  The backup runs faster because, instead of copying the data of each file, hard links only change file system meta data. 
A)  The old backups can be moved to slow backup media, such as tapes, while still serving as hard link target in new backups. 
B)  The backup runs faster because hard links are asynchronous operations, postponing the copy operation to a later point in time. 
C)  The backup is guaranteed to be uncharged because a hard linked file cannot be modified after its creation. 
D)  The backup consumes less space because the hard links point to the same data on disk instead of storing redundant copies. 
E)  The backup runs faster because, instead of copying the data of each file, hard links only change file system meta data.

Which of the following commands displays the output of the foo command on the screen and also writes it to a file called /tmp/foodata ?

What is the correct way to set the default systemd boot target to multi-user ?

Which of the following are valid stream redirection operators within Bash?

Which of the following statements are correct about the initial RAM disk involved in the boot process of Linux?

Given a log file loga.log with timestamps of the format DD/MM/YYYY:hh:mm:ss , which command filters out all log entries in the time period between 8:00 am and 8:59 am?

A yum repository can declare sets of related packages. Which yum command installs all packages belonging to the group admintools ?

Which of the following commands determines a file's format by using a definition database file which contains information about all common file types?

Which chown command changes the ownership to dave and the group to staff on a file named data.txt ?

When considering the use of hard links, what are valid reasons not to use hard links?

What is the purpose of the xargs command?

Which of the following commands sets the SetUID permission on the executable /bin/foo ?

When is the content of the kernel ring buffer reset?

Which of the following statements are correct when comparing Linux containers with traditional virtual machines (e.g. LXC vs. KVM)?

Which is the default percentage of reserved space for the root user on new ext4 filesystems?

After a power outage, the XFS file system of /dev/sda3 is inconsistent. How can the existing file system errors be fixed?

Which of the following commands installs GRUB 2 into the master boot record on the third hard disk?

Which of the following files exist in a standard GRUB 2 installation?

Which of the following is true when a file system, which is neither listed in /etc/fstab nor known to system, is mounted manually?

Which of the following commands lists the dependencies of the RPM package file foo.rpm ?

A backup software heavily uses hard links between files which have not been changed in between two backup runs. Which benefits are realized due to these hard links?

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Exam 4: LPIC-1 Exam 101

Which of the following commands displays the output of the foo command on the screen and also writes it to a file called /tmp/foodata ?

What is the correct way to set the default systemd boot target to multi-user ?

Which of the following are valid stream redirection operators within Bash?

Which of the following statements are correct about the initial RAM disk involved in the boot process of Linux?

Given a log file loga.log with timestamps of the format DD/MM/YYYY:hh:mm:ss , which command filters out all log entries in the time period between 8:00 am and 8:59 am?

A yum repository can declare sets of related packages. Which yum command installs all packages belonging to the group admintools ?

Which of the following commands determines a file's format by using a definition database file which contains information about all common file types?

Which chown command changes the ownership to dave and the group to staff on a file named data.txt ?

When considering the use of hard links, what are valid reasons not to use hard links?

What is the purpose of the xargs command?

Which of the following commands sets the SetUID permission on the executable /bin/foo ?

When is the content of the kernel ring buffer reset?

Which of the following statements are correct when comparing Linux containers with traditional virtual machines (e.g. LXC vs. KVM)?

Which is the default percentage of reserved space for the root user on new ext4 filesystems?

After a power outage, the XFS file system of /dev/sda3 is inconsistent. How can the existing file system errors be fixed?

Which of the following commands installs GRUB 2 into the master boot record on the third hard disk?

Which of the following files exist in a standard GRUB 2 installation?

Which of the following is true when a file system, which is neither listed in /etc/fstab nor known to system, is mounted manually?

Which of the following commands lists the dependencies of the RPM package file foo.rpm ?

A backup software heavily uses hard links between files which have not been changed in between two backup runs. Which benefits are realized due to these hard links?

Entry Level Linux Essentials Certificate of Achievement

Linux Essentials Certificate Exam, version 1.6

LPI Level 1 Exam 101, Junior Level Linux Certification, Part 1 of 2

LPI Level 1 Exam 102, Junior Level Linux Certification, Part 2 of 2

LPI Level 1

LPIC-2 Exam 201

LPIC-2 Exam 202

LPIC-3 Exam 300: Mixed Environments

Security

LPIC-3 Virtualization & High Availability

LPIC-OT Exam 701: DevOps Tools Engineer

Filters