Question 1

Water molecules ____.

Accepted Answer

A) consist of two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms 
B) easily dissolve most minerals when the water is pure 
C) have an asymmetric shape 
D) and carbon dioxide combine to form calcite 
E) do not play a role in separating ions in a solution 
A) consist of two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms 
B) easily dissolve most minerals when the water is pure 
C) have an asymmetric shape 
D) and carbon dioxide combine to form calcite 
E) do not play a role in separating ions in a solution

Question 2

Erosion is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) sometimes caused by soil formation 
B) made worse by plowing, overgrazing, and deforestation 
C) always slower than soil production 
D) often beneficial to plants and animals 
E) a completely manmade process 
A) sometimes caused by soil formation 
B) made worse by plowing, overgrazing, and deforestation 
C) always slower than soil production 
D) often beneficial to plants and animals 
E) a completely manmade process

Question 3

If an area is underlain by limestone soils, acid rain tends to be neutralized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

____________________ is an important constituent of soil and provides nutrients to plants and increases the ability of the soil to retain ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ is an important constituent of soil...

Question 5

Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are rising due to the burning of fossil fuels. How might this increased level of carbon dioxide affect rates of weathering?

Accepted Answer

Increased amounts of atmospher

Question 6

Discuss the origin of soils.

Accepted Answer

Much of Earth's land surface is covered

Question 7

In the Northern Hemisphere, north-facing slopes ____.

Accepted Answer

A) will tend to have steep slope angles 
B) do not form alkali soils 
C) always remain snow-covered throughout the year 
D) receive less sunlight than south-facing slopes 
E) support the same types of vegetation as do south-facing slopes 
A) will tend to have steep slope angles 
B) do not form alkali soils 
C) always remain snow-covered throughout the year 
D) receive less sunlight than south-facing slopes 
E) support the same types of vegetation as do south-facing slopes

Question 8

When a rock is broken into smaller pieces, its ____.

Accepted Answer

A) volume increases but its surface area remains the same 
B) surface area increases but its volume remains the same 
C) rate of weathering dramatically decreases 
D) surface area and volume increase 
E) surface area decreases and volume increases 
A) volume increases but its surface area remains the same 
B) surface area increases but its volume remains the same 
C) rate of weathering dramatically decreases 
D) surface area and volume increase 
E) surface area decreases and volume increases

Question 9

Thermal expansion and contraction occur because rock is an excellent conductor of heat.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Pressure release occurs when ____.

Accepted Answer

A) the climate is hot and humid 
B) ice freezes and creates cracks in rocks 
C) rocks heat up and cool down 
D) rocks are uplifted and eroded 
E) there is faulting and seismic activity 
A) the climate is hot and humid 
B) ice freezes and creates cracks in rocks 
C) rocks heat up and cool down 
D) rocks are uplifted and eroded 
E) there is faulting and seismic activity

Question 11

Sheet-joint-bounded slabs of rock slip or slide off the parent rock, leaving large, rounded masses known as ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sheet-joint-bounded slabs of rock slip or slide...

Question 12

A type of mechanical weathering is ____ and a type of chemical weathering is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) frost action; pressure release 
B) pressure release; salt crystal growth 
C) thermal expansion and contraction; salt crystal growth 
D) oxidation; activities of organisms 
E) salt crystal growth; hydrolysis 
A) frost action; pressure release 
B) pressure release; salt crystal growth 
C) thermal expansion and contraction; salt crystal growth 
D) oxidation; activities of organisms 
E) salt crystal growth; hydrolysis

Question 13

When solution takes place, the ions of a substance separate in a liquid, and the solid substance dissolves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Weathering is classified as either mechanical or ____.

Accepted Answer

A) carbolic 
B) inorganic 
C) chemical 
D) hydrolytic 
E) physical 
A) carbolic 
B) inorganic 
C) chemical 
D) hydrolytic 
E) physical

Question 15

Frost action is most effective ____.

Accepted Answer

A) in high mountains 
B) where the temperature rarely drops below freezing 
C) where Earth materials are permanently frozen 
D) where temperature has little fluctuation 
E) in low canyons 
A) in high mountains 
B) where the temperature rarely drops below freezing 
C) where Earth materials are permanently frozen 
D) where temperature has little fluctuation 
E) in low canyons

Question 16

Observed in a vertical cross section, soil is made up of distinct layers. From the surface downward, the layers are designated ____.

Accepted Answer

A) O, E, A, B, and C 
B) A, B, C, O, and E 
C) O, A, E, B, and C 
D) A, O, E, B, and C 
E) E, A, B, O, and C 
A) O, E, A, B, and C 
B) A, B, C, O, and E 
C) O, A, E, B, and C 
D) A, O, E, B, and C 
E) E, A, B, O, and C

Question 17

Salinization occurs when the concentration of salts increases in a soil, making it unfit for agriculture.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Laterite soils are typical of rainforests.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A(n)____________________ soil forms when the parent material has weathered in place and a(n)____________________ soil forms when the parent material has been transported elsewhere, deposited, and then converted to soil.

Accepted Answer

residual,

Question 20

Carbonic acid forms from a combination of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) water and bicarbonate ion 
B) water and carbon dioxide 
C) carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion 
D) calcium ion and bicarbonate ion 
A) water and bicarbonate ion 
B) water and carbon dioxide 
C) carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion 
D) calcium ion and bicarbonate ion

Exam 6: Weathering, Erosion, and Soil

Water molecules ____.

Erosion is ____.

If an area is underlain by limestone soils, acid rain tends to be neutralized.

____________________ is an important constituent of soil and provides nutrients to plants and increases the ability of the soil to retain ____________________.

Carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are rising due to the burning of fossil fuels. How might this increased level of carbon dioxide affect rates of weathering?

Discuss the origin of soils.

In the Northern Hemisphere, north-facing slopes ____.

When a rock is broken into smaller pieces, its ____.

Thermal expansion and contraction occur because rock is an excellent conductor of heat.

Pressure release occurs when ____.

Sheet-joint-bounded slabs of rock slip or slide off the parent rock, leaving large, rounded masses known as ____________________.

A type of mechanical weathering is ____ and a type of chemical weathering is ____.

When solution takes place, the ions of a substance separate in a liquid, and the solid substance dissolves.

Weathering is classified as either mechanical or ____.

Frost action is most effective ____.

Observed in a vertical cross section, soil is made up of distinct layers. From the surface downward, the layers are designated ____.

Salinization occurs when the concentration of salts increases in a soil, making it unfit for agriculture.

Laterite soils are typical of rainforests.

A(n)____________________ soil forms when the parent material has weathered in place and a(n)____________________ soil forms when the parent material has been transported elsewhere, deposited, and then converted to soil.

Carbonic acid forms from a combination of ____.

Understanding Earth: a Dynamic and Evolving Planet

Plate Tectonics: a Unifying Theory

Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks

Igneous Rocks and Plutons

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Sediment and Sedimentary Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Earthquakes and Earthapos;s Interior

Deformation, Mountain Building, and Earthapos;s Crust

Mass Wasting

Running Water--Streams and Rivers

Groundwater

Glaciers and Glaciation

The Work of Wind and Deserts

Oceans, Shorelines, and Shoreline Processes

Geologic Time: Concepts and Principles

Organic Evolution--The Theory and Its Supporting Evidence

Precambrian Earth and Life History

Paleozoic Earth History

Paleozoic Life History

Mesozoic Earth and Life History

Cenozoic Earth and Life History

Filters

is an important constituent of soil and provides nutrients to plants and increases the ability of the soil to retain .

A type of mechanical weathering is and a type of chemical weathering is .

A(n) soil forms when the parent material has weathered in place and a(n) soil forms when the parent material has been transported elsewhere, deposited, and then converted to soil.