Exam 1: The Study of Human Development

In social learning theory, imitation is referred to as _______________ learning.

A(n)_______________ is an organized set of ideas that is designed to explain human development. .

The _______________ perspective describes the ways in which various generations experience the biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces of development in their respective historical contexts.

Teenagers would be included in a sample of the population that includes all individuals between ages 5 and 50.

Benoit is interested in studying the effects of various biological forces on human development. Which topic is probably of least interest to him?

Virtually all studies done in psychology rely on studying people representative of a larger group. The groups of people who participate in these studies are most commonly known as

Brandon 's developmental psychology teacher believes human development is best conceptualized as progressing discontinuously through several qualitatively different stages of thinking. His instructor is likely a(n)

In ecological theory, the _______________ consists of the people and objects in an individual's immediate environment.

In a(n)_______________ observation study, people are observed as they behave spontaneously in some real-life situation.

Social cognitive theory and operant conditioning are similar in that they both

Denise is studying how attitudes toward government change over the course of life by studying one group of people when they are 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, and 61 years old. What kind of design is Denise using?

Determining whether a form of measurement is measuring what it is supposed to be measuring is determining its reliability.

An advantage of cross-sectional studies is that they cannot be influenced by cohort effects.

A new developmental theory of personality emerges that states that adult personality is markedly different from personality in childhood, is completely determined by the environment, and develops pretty much the same across cultures. Describe the three recurring issues in human development and where this new theory stands in relationship to these three issues.

​​ Which best describes the relationship between biological, psychological, and sociocultural forces in human development?

Self-efficacy focuses on a person's beliefs about his or her abilities and talents.

Describe four key features of the life-span perspective. How do these features speak to the three recurring issues in developmental psychology?

Greta wants to do a study on how self-efficacy changes over the life span. Her primary concerns are economic. She needs to do the study in the way that will cost the least in terms of time and money. Given these concerns, she is probably going to be best served doing a(n)____study.

Smita studies two different cohorts over a 50-year period, testing each subject every five years. Smita is using a ____design.

Vygotsky emphasized the role of cultural context on human development.