Question 1

All of the following are characteristics of the preoperational child EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the ability to mentally represent ideas 
B)  the ability to think about the relations between concrete properties 
C)  the ability to use symbols such as words 
D)  the ability to use language to communicate 
A)  the ability to mentally represent ideas 
B)  the ability to think about the relations between concrete properties 
C)  the ability to use symbols such as words 
D)  the ability to use language to communicate

Question 2

Which of the following best describes Piaget's theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive development is almost entirely the result of hard-wired systems that are not dependent on experience. 
B)  Infants are born with built-in sensorimotor reflexes, which are modified and transformed into schemes with experience. 
C)  Cognitive development does not depend on built-in systems, but rather schemes are built solely from an infant's active exploration of the environment. 
D)  Cognitive development does not depend on built-in systems, but rather schemes are built through the zone of proximal development. 
A)  Cognitive development is almost entirely the result of hard-wired systems that are not dependent on experience. 
B)  Infants are born with built-in sensorimotor reflexes, which are modified and transformed into schemes with experience. 
C)  Cognitive development does not depend on built-in systems, but rather schemes are built solely from an infant's active exploration of the environment. 
D)  Cognitive development does not depend on built-in systems, but rather schemes are built through the zone of proximal development.

Question 3

________ proposed the theory of sociocultural development.

Accepted Answer

A)  Carey 
B)  Piaget 
C)  Spelke 
D)  Vygotsky 
A)  Carey 
B)  Piaget 
C)  Spelke 
D)  Vygotsky

Question 4

________ are patterns of understanding and interacting with the world.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cognitive maps 
B)  Constructs 
C)  Schemes 
D)  Sensorimotor reflexes 
A)  Cognitive maps 
B)  Constructs 
C)  Schemes 
D)  Sensorimotor reflexes

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of children in "biology-deprived" environments?

Accepted Answer

A)  Children and adults in biology-deprived environments reason in less sophisticated ways about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments. 
B)  Children, but not adults, in biology-deprived environments reason in less sophisticated ways about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments. 
C)  Adults, but not children, in biology-deprived environments reason in less sophisticated ways about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments. 
D)  There is no difference in the ways that children and adults in biology-deprived environments reason about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments. 
A)  Children and adults in biology-deprived environments reason in less sophisticated ways about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments. 
B)  Children, but not adults, in biology-deprived environments reason in less sophisticated ways about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments. 
C)  Adults, but not children, in biology-deprived environments reason in less sophisticated ways about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments. 
D)  There is no difference in the ways that children and adults in biology-deprived environments reason about biological problems than those in biology-enriched environments.

Question 6

Vygotsky stressed which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  counting 
B)  language 
C)  naïve psychology 
D)  naïve physical mechanics 
A)  counting 
B)  language 
C)  naïve psychology 
D)  naïve physical mechanics

Question 7

Each year, Stacy's doctor tracks how much weight she has gained in her medical chart.Stacy displays small yearly increases in weight, which illustrates:

Accepted Answer

A)  foundational change 
B)  qualitative change 
C)  quantitative change 
D)  structural change 
A)  foundational change 
B)  qualitative change 
C)  quantitative change 
D)  structural change

Question 8

Piaget's three mountains task shows that ________ influences young children's understanding of spatial relations.

Accepted Answer

A)  centration 
B)  egocentrism 
C)  identity 
D)  vitalism 
A)  centration 
B)  egocentrism 
C)  identity 
D)  vitalism

Question 9

Tina is teaching her daughter to cook.Tina lays out the ingredients in the order in which they will need them.She helps her daughter break the eggs and then guides her through mixing the ingredients.This is an example of what Vygotsky referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)  bootstrapping 
B)  compensation 
C)  guided exploration 
D)  scaffolding 
A)  bootstrapping 
B)  compensation 
C)  guided exploration 
D)  scaffolding

Question 10

A researcher presents a child with two identical glasses of water.She then pours one of the glasses into a tall glass beaker and asks the child if the amount of water has changed.This illustrates a(n) ________ task.

Accepted Answer

A)  conservation 
B)  object substance 
C)  symbolic representation 
D)  transitive reasoning 
A)  conservation 
B)  object substance 
C)  symbolic representation 
D)  transitive reasoning

Question 11

At what stage did Piaget believe that children fully understand how to consistently classify objects and understand the relationships among classes?

Accepted Answer

A)  concrete operational period 
B)  formal operational period 
C)  preoperational period 
D)  sensorimotor period 
A)  concrete operational period 
B)  formal operational period 
C)  preoperational period 
D)  sensorimotor period

Question 12

Chong believes that food and water instill a force in animals that enables them to move and be active, and without this force, the animals would become increasingly inactive and tired.Chong's beliefs illustrate:

Accepted Answer

A)  animism 
B)  centration 
C)  essentialism 
D)  vitalism 
A)  animism 
B)  centration 
C)  essentialism 
D)  vitalism

Question 13

All the following are true of the formal operational period EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the formal operational period differs from earlier periods in Piaget's theory in that not all children achieve it 
B)  the hallmark of the formal operational period is the ability to engage in hypothetico-deductive reasoning 
C)  children in formal operations can reason logically without reference to the immediate surroundings 
D)  thinking during formal operations has been likened to an engineering model of trying to figure out how to get things to work 
A)  the formal operational period differs from earlier periods in Piaget's theory in that not all children achieve it 
B)  the hallmark of the formal operational period is the ability to engage in hypothetico-deductive reasoning 
C)  children in formal operations can reason logically without reference to the immediate surroundings 
D)  thinking during formal operations has been likened to an engineering model of trying to figure out how to get things to work

Question 14

All of the following are true about the concrete operational period EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  most children enter the concrete operational period around 7 years of age and move to the next stage by age 12 
B)  the concrete operational child has acquired the mental operator of reversibility 
C)  upon entering concrete operations, the child is able to smoothly use identity and compensation across all tasks 
D)  the concrete operational child starts to respond correctly to conversation and classification tasks 
A)  most children enter the concrete operational period around 7 years of age and move to the next stage by age 12 
B)  the concrete operational child has acquired the mental operator of reversibility 
C)  upon entering concrete operations, the child is able to smoothly use identity and compensation across all tasks 
D)  the concrete operational child starts to respond correctly to conversation and classification tasks

Question 15

Preoperational children lack all of the following abilities EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  compensation 
B)  identity 
C)  reversibility 
D)  symbolic representation 
A)  compensation 
B)  identity 
C)  reversibility 
D)  symbolic representation

Question 16

Research with children with specific language impairment (SLI) suggests:

Accepted Answer

A)  children with SLI show significant delays in language, but this does not affect their counting-out-loud routines 
B)  children with SLIs use systems of invented hand gestures to overcome their language difficulties and understand number 
C)  children with SLIs are able to learn basic principles of arithmetic in ways that are independent of their struggles with language 
D)  research on children with SLIs suggests that learning counting and mathematical principles is heavily influenced by language 
A)  children with SLI show significant delays in language, but this does not affect their counting-out-loud routines 
B)  children with SLIs use systems of invented hand gestures to overcome their language difficulties and understand number 
C)  children with SLIs are able to learn basic principles of arithmetic in ways that are independent of their struggles with language 
D)  research on children with SLIs suggests that learning counting and mathematical principles is heavily influenced by language

Question 17

Differentiate between basic-level, subordinate, and superordinate categories, and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

The basic level of categorization falls

Question 18

Gabriel is a preoperational child participating in Piaget's seriation task.He is asked to arrange a set of rods in order from shortest to longest.Which is the most likely outcome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gabriel is too young to participate in this task and will only play with the rods. 
B)  Gabriel will likely line up rods as increasing in length at one end but ignore the other end. 
C)  Gabriel will only be able to successfully complete this task if the rods are different colors. 
D)  Gabriel will easily be able to line the rods in order from shortest to longest. 
A)  Gabriel is too young to participate in this task and will only play with the rods. 
B)  Gabriel will likely line up rods as increasing in length at one end but ignore the other end. 
C)  Gabriel will only be able to successfully complete this task if the rods are different colors. 
D)  Gabriel will easily be able to line the rods in order from shortest to longest.

Question 19

All the following are examples of basic-level categories EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  balls 
B)  desks 
C)  dresses 
D)  animals 
A)  balls 
B)  desks 
C)  dresses 
D)  animals

Question 20

Children appear to build on their early insights about small numbers, using these patterns as a foundation for understanding new and quite different kinds of number concepts.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  animism 
B)  bootstrapping 
C)  hypothetico-deductive reasoning 
D)  scaffolding 
A)  animism 
B)  bootstrapping 
C)  hypothetico-deductive reasoning 
D)  scaffolding

All of the following are characteristics of the preoperational child EXCEPT:

Which of the following best describes Piaget's theory?

________ proposed the theory of sociocultural development.

________ are patterns of understanding and interacting with the world.

Which of the following statements is true of children in "biology-deprived" environments?

Vygotsky stressed which of the following?

Each year, Stacy's doctor tracks how much weight she has gained in her medical chart.Stacy displays small yearly increases in weight, which illustrates:

Piaget's three mountains task shows that ________ influences young children's understanding of spatial relations.

Tina is teaching her daughter to cook.Tina lays out the ingredients in the order in which they will need them.She helps her daughter break the eggs and then guides her through mixing the ingredients.This is an example of what Vygotsky referred to as:

A researcher presents a child with two identical glasses of water.She then pours one of the glasses into a tall glass beaker and asks the child if the amount of water has changed.This illustrates a(n) ________ task.

At what stage did Piaget believe that children fully understand how to consistently classify objects and understand the relationships among classes?

Chong believes that food and water instill a force in animals that enables them to move and be active, and without this force, the animals would become increasingly inactive and tired.Chong's beliefs illustrate:

All the following are true of the formal operational period EXCEPT:

All of the following are true about the concrete operational period EXCEPT:

Preoperational children lack all of the following abilities EXCEPT:

Research with children with specific language impairment (SLI) suggests:

Differentiate between basic-level, subordinate, and superordinate categories, and provide an example of each.

Gabriel is a preoperational child participating in Piaget's seriation task.He is asked to arrange a set of rods in order from shortest to longest.Which is the most likely outcome?

All the following are examples of basic-level categories EXCEPT:

Children appear to build on their early insights about small numbers, using these patterns as a foundation for understanding new and quite different kinds of number concepts.This is an example of:

Approaching Psychological Development

The Biology of Development

Coming to Perceive the World

The Emergence of Action

Coming to Understand the Physical World

Connecting with the Social World

The Origins of Emotion, Temperament, and Personality

Language Development

The Growth of Cognitive Skills

Intelligence and Schooling

Morality in Thought and Action

Knowing Ourselves, Knowing Others

Becoming Part of the Family

Becoming Part of the Community

Psychopathology in Childhood

Development after Childhood and Adolescence

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Exam 9: The Growth of Knowledge

All of the following are characteristics of the preoperational child EXCEPT:

Which of the following best describes Piaget's theory?

________ proposed the theory of sociocultural development.

________ are patterns of understanding and interacting with the world.

Which of the following statements is true of children in "biology-deprived" environments?

Vygotsky stressed which of the following?

Each year, Stacy's doctor tracks how much weight she has gained in her medical chart.Stacy displays small yearly increases in weight, which illustrates:

Piaget's three mountains task shows that ________ influences young children's understanding of spatial relations.

Tina is teaching her daughter to cook.Tina lays out the ingredients in the order in which they will need them.She helps her daughter break the eggs and then guides her through mixing the ingredients.This is an example of what Vygotsky referred to as:

A researcher presents a child with two identical glasses of water.She then pours one of the glasses into a tall glass beaker and asks the child if the amount of water has changed.This illustrates a(n) ________ task.

At what stage did Piaget believe that children fully understand how to consistently classify objects and understand the relationships among classes?

Chong believes that food and water instill a force in animals that enables them to move and be active, and without this force, the animals would become increasingly inactive and tired.Chong's beliefs illustrate:

All the following are true of the formal operational period EXCEPT:

All of the following are true about the concrete operational period EXCEPT:

Preoperational children lack all of the following abilities EXCEPT:

Research with children with specific language impairment (SLI) suggests:

Differentiate between basic-level, subordinate, and superordinate categories, and provide an example of each.

Gabriel is a preoperational child participating in Piaget's seriation task.He is asked to arrange a set of rods in order from shortest to longest.Which is the most likely outcome?

All the following are examples of basic-level categories EXCEPT:

Children appear to build on their early insights about small numbers, using these patterns as a foundation for understanding new and quite different kinds of number concepts.This is an example of:

Approaching Psychological Development

The Biology of Development

Coming to Perceive the World

The Emergence of Action

Coming to Understand the Physical World

Connecting with the Social World

The Origins of Emotion, Temperament, and Personality

Language Development

The Growth of Cognitive Skills

Intelligence and Schooling

Morality in Thought and Action

Knowing Ourselves, Knowing Others

Becoming Part of the Family

Becoming Part of the Community

Psychopathology in Childhood

Development after Childhood and Adolescence

Filters