Exam 9: Punishment and Sentencing

_____________________________combine probation with other dispositions such as electronic monitoring, house arrest, boot camps, and shock incarceration.

Early release from prison for good behavior is referred toas _____________________.  ​

Mitigating circumstances may include: ​

Determinate sentencing has severely restricted judicial discretion in many jurisdictions. ​

The rate of imprisonment is especially high for minorities whoare young and unemployed. ​

Roper v. Simmons prohibited the death penalty for persons under the age of: ​

Provide three examples of aggravating and three examples of mitigating circumstances. ​

House arrest, electronic monitoring, and boot camp are all examples of: ​

An approach topunishment that is designed torepair the harm done tothe victim is_____________.

Explain why the U.S. Supreme Court abolished the death penalty for juvenile offenders. ​

The __________________ Act provides victims the right tobe reasonably heard during the sentencing process. ​

In which case was the U.S. Supreme Court concerned with the execution of mentally handicapped criminals? ​

What is the primary factor in a judge's sentencing decision? ​

In 1984, Congress passed the_______________________________, which paved the way for the implementation of federal sentencing guidelines that were tobe used by federal judges when sentencing federal offenders.

The strategy of preventing crime through the threat of punishment is called: ​

Furman v. Georgia (1972)resulted in a two-stage, or_______ ____ ____ _____procedure for capital cases, meaning that a jury must decide not only guilt or innocence but alsowhether or not todelegate death if the suspect is in fact found guilty of a capital offense.

Which amendment guards against " cruel and unusual punishment"? ​

As a presiding juvenile magistrate in the eastern part of Washington D.C., you have been constantly seeing a number of young offenders being arrested for non-violent drug related offenses. These sometimes include property crimes, in which the fruits of the crime are used togather money or trade in order toget one's drug of choice. As judge, you are a firm believer in both deterrence and rehabilitation when it comes tosentencing; however, your sentences depend on the specifics of the case and the individual(s)involved. At present, you are hearing a case of a 16 year-old car thief whohas stolen multiple cars and then sells them tochop shops for cash tosupport his heroin addiction. You are familiar with this young offender, and in fact, gave him probation the last time he appeared before you for a breaking and entering charge in which he stole jewelry that was later pawned for drug money. The young offender has now been found guilty of his grand theft autocharge, and you must now determine his sentence. Based on your philosophies of punishment being grounded in both deterrence and rehabilitation, what type of punishment doyou delegate tothis offender, and why? Please fully explain.

Any circumstance accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a lighter sentence is known as a(n)  ____. ​

The oldest and most common justification for punishing someone is incapacitation. ​