Exam 15: Social Psychology

The observation that we are most likely to help someone else when we are able to "feel that person's pain" is referred to as

The observation that we are most likely to help someone else when we are able to "feel that person's pain" is referred to as a(n) __________ relationship.

People with which personality would be more likely to believe that any person, found guilty of murder, regardless of the circumstances, should be given the death penalty?

Treating members of various social groups differently in circumstances where their rights or treatment should be identical is known as __________.

Empathic arousal is especially likely to motivate helping when the person in need seems to be different from ourselves.

Recently, which of the following psychologists partially replicated Milgram's study and obtained very similar results?

Any group whose values and attitudes are seen as relevant to one's own is referred to as one's __________ group.

Vanessa is female, a daughter, and a young adult, which would all be considered ascribed roles.

If the policies of a governmental institution reflect the belief that heterosexuality is better or more natural than homosexuality, then this prejudice is called

If a person is being robbed or assaulted, he or she should yell, "Fire" in order to be noticed by others, since bystanders who might run away from a robbery or an assault may rush to see where the fire is.

You have read the research on the importance of exercise, and you want to begin an exercise program, but you haven't so far, which creates a great deal of cognitive dissonance for you. Describe the concept of cognitive dissonance, and explain how your cognitive dissonance regarding exercising might be reduced using each of five strategies.

A contributing factor in the Columbia space shuttle disaster, the loss of the Mars Climate Orbiter , and several other international crises was the urge by decision makers to maintain each other's approval, even at the cost of critical thinking, which is referred to as __________.

In order to reduce cognitive dissonance, people may change their attitude, change their behavior, add consonant thoughts, change the importance of the dissonant thoughts, or reduce the amount of perceived choice they have.

Describe the differing patterns of mate selection for men and women, according to evolutionary psychologists; explain why they believe these differing patterns evolved; and provide a critique of these findings.

A compulsion by decision-makers to maintain each other's approval, even at the cost of critical thinking and good judgment, is called the halo effect.

If the various roles a person occupies require behaviors that are inconsistent with one another, there is

Several of your classmates are volunteering at a nursing home for extra credit, and they tell you how much fun they are having helping with the "parties" and the weekly activities for the residents. Although you had planned to do the article assignment for extra credit, you change your mind and decide to volunteer at the nursing home. Your new attitude was formed because of

People with high needs for structure or certainty are less likely to conform.

Marc was a POW in Vietnam. He was placed in a tiny cell, beaten, and threatened with death on a daily basis. This treatment is a part of the phase of brainwashing known as __________.

The three phases of brainwashing are dependency, dissonance, and attitude change.