Exam 4: Becoming an Ethical Professional

Victor and Cullen determined that there can be differences in ethical climates within an organization.

External influences on an organization are both objective and _____________ .

Penn State football coach Jerry Sandusky, was convicted of more than 40 counts of child sexual assault. His crimes occurred over a span of more than 10 years. Although Penn State administrators knew of his behavior, they failed to act. At one point, another coach witnessed an assault, but only reported it to the head coach, who in turn only reported it to his superior. The other coaches who felt they had done their duty by passing the information up the chain demonstrates a

Describe and discuss modeling and reinforcement and how they are related to moral development.

A person whose moral development has progressed to the point where he or she has moved beyond the norms of society to determine universal good is, according to Kohlberg, at the _____________ level.

Briefly explain how men and women differ in their moral development, according to the research presented in the text.

Which of the following statements about developmental theories is false?

Kohlberg's moral stage theory is an influential framing device for the hierarchy of morality. Imagine you are a senior citizen writing your memoirs from the perspective of your own moral growth. Use examples from each stage in your life, from the punishment and praise stage all the way through to agape , which you have been fortunate enough to experience.

An employee who reveals unethical behavior in an organization is known as a whistleblower.

By telling the recruits that they will be "eliminating" victims (as opposed to "killing," "blowing up," "gunning down," etc.), the leader is using which method of cognitive restructuring?

In the text, the author describes an experiment in which a group of children was told a hypothetical story in which an adult punished a neutral act, such as a child practicing a musical instrument. Afterward, the children classified the act of playing a musical instrument as bad behavior. This experiment lends credence to the power of:

One who justifies unethical behavior by claiming to only be following orders is using Bandura's _____________ method of cognitive restructuring.

During Kohlberg's _____________ level, a person moves beyond the norms and laws of a society to determine universal good, that is, what is good for all societies.

Gilligan suggests women tend to approach moral dilemmas with an orientation emphasizing relationships and needs; she refers to this as the _____________ .

Using words that downplay the seriousness of our actions is an example of _____________ labeling.

Kohlberg's research indicates that, while there are six stages of moral development, people pass through these stages in different orders, depending on their upbringing.

According to the text, injury to the frontal lobe of the brain can result in all of the following except:

Learning theorists call an individual's feelings of competence in their own abilities:

What is not one of Kohlberg's moral stages?

List and discuss the necessary elements that Sherman identified for teaching ethics in criminal justice.