Question 1

Why does it make sense that the jovian planets farther from the Sun have less mass?

Accepted Answer

The differences in the sizes of the jovi

Question 2

Which statement about planetary rings is not true?

Accepted Answer

A) All four jovian planets have rings. 
B) Individual ring particles orbit their planet in accord with Kepler's laws,so that particles closer in orbit faster than particles farther out. 
C) Rings are always located closer to a planet's surface than any large moons. 
D) Saturn's rings formed along with its moons 4.6 billion years ago. 
A) All four jovian planets have rings. 
B) Individual ring particles orbit their planet in accord with Kepler's laws,so that particles closer in orbit faster than particles farther out. 
C) Rings are always located closer to a planet's surface than any large moons. 
D) Saturn's rings formed along with its moons 4.6 billion years ago.

Question 3

The satellite Amalthea orbits Jupiter at just about the same distance in kilometers at which Mimas orbits Saturn.Yet Mimas takes almost twice as long to orbit.What can you deduce from this difference qualitatively? Since Jupiter and Saturn are not very different in radius,what else can you conclude?

Accepted Answer

The gravitational attraction of Saturn o

Question 4

Why is Jupiter denser than Saturn?

Accepted Answer

A) It is made of a different composition than Saturn,including a higher proportion of hydrogen compounds and rocks. 
B) The extra mass of Jupiter compresses its interior to a greater extent than that of Saturn. 
C) Its core is much larger than Saturn's. 
D) It has a greater proportion of helium to hydrogen compared to Saturn. 
E) It is unknown why this is so. 
A) It is made of a different composition than Saturn,including a higher proportion of hydrogen compounds and rocks. 
B) The extra mass of Jupiter compresses its interior to a greater extent than that of Saturn. 
C) Its core is much larger than Saturn's. 
D) It has a greater proportion of helium to hydrogen compared to Saturn. 
E) It is unknown why this is so.

Question 5

Use these choices for the following questions.
-Which of the above applies to Ganymede?

Accepted Answer

A) the most volcanically active body in the solar system 
B) thought to have a deep,subsurface ocean of liquid water 
C) probably a captured moon 
D) the target of the Huygens probe,which landed on the surface in 2005 
E) the largest moon in the solar system 
A) the most volcanically active body in the solar system 
B) thought to have a deep,subsurface ocean of liquid water 
C) probably a captured moon 
D) the target of the Huygens probe,which landed on the surface in 2005 
E) the largest moon in the solar system

Question 6

Explain how the resonance among Io,Europa,and Ganymede makes their orbits slightly elliptical.

Accepted Answer

For every orbit that Ganymede completes

Question 7

Of the four jovian planets,which likely formed first?

Accepted Answer

A) Jupiter 
B) Saturn 
C) Uranus 
D) Neptune 
A) Jupiter 
B) Saturn 
C) Uranus 
D) Neptune

Question 8

Use these choices for the following questions.
-Which of the above applies to Triton?

Accepted Answer

A) the most volcanically active body in the solar system 
B) thought to have a deep,subsurface ocean of liquid water 
C) probably a captured moon 
D) the target of the Huygens probe,which landed on the surface in 2005 
E) the largest moon in the solar system 
A) the most volcanically active body in the solar system 
B) thought to have a deep,subsurface ocean of liquid water 
C) probably a captured moon 
D) the target of the Huygens probe,which landed on the surface in 2005 
E) the largest moon in the solar system

Question 9

What would happen to Jupiter if we could somehow double its mass?

Accepted Answer

A) Its density would decrease and its diameter would double. 
B) Its density would stay about the same and its volume would double. 
C) Its density would increase but its diameter would barely change. 
D) It would become a star,with nuclear fusion in its core. 
A) Its density would decrease and its diameter would double. 
B) Its density would stay about the same and its volume would double. 
C) Its density would increase but its diameter would barely change. 
D) It would become a star,with nuclear fusion in its core.

Question 10

Which previously unknown planet's location was predicted from mathematical calculations of orbital motions?

Accepted Answer

A) Mercury 
B) Uranus 
C) Neptune 
D) Pluto 
E) all of the above 
A) Mercury 
B) Uranus 
C) Neptune 
D) Pluto 
E) all of the above

Question 11

Which moon has a thick atmosphere made mostly of nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A) Triton 
B) Titan 
C) Ganymede 
D) Europa 
A) Triton 
B) Titan 
C) Ganymede 
D) Europa

Question 12

What atmospheric constituent is responsible for the blue color of Uranus and Neptune?

Accepted Answer

A) methane 
B) hydrogen 
C) water 
D) ammonia 
A) methane 
B) hydrogen 
C) water 
D) ammonia

Question 13

How do typical wind speeds in Jupiter's atmosphere compare to typical wind speeds on Earth?

Accepted Answer

A) They are about the same as average winds on Earth. 
B) They are slightly faster than average winds on Earth. 
C) They are slightly slower than average winds on Earth. 
D) They are much faster than hurricane winds on Earth. 
A) They are about the same as average winds on Earth. 
B) They are slightly faster than average winds on Earth. 
C) They are slightly slower than average winds on Earth. 
D) They are much faster than hurricane winds on Earth.

Question 14

Which of the following is not due to tidal forces?

Accepted Answer

A) the synchronous rotation of the Moon around Earth 
B) the volcanos on Io (a moon of Jupiter) 
C) the rings of Saturn 
D) the grooved terrain of Enceladus (a moon of Saturn) 
E) the backward orbit of Triton (a moon of Neptune) 
A) the synchronous rotation of the Moon around Earth 
B) the volcanos on Io (a moon of Jupiter) 
C) the rings of Saturn 
D) the grooved terrain of Enceladus (a moon of Saturn) 
E) the backward orbit of Triton (a moon of Neptune)

Question 15

Process of Science: Scientists have not observed Io's interior nor measured its internal temperature.What evidence do we have of Io's strong tidal heating from Jupiter?

Accepted Answer

Io has active volcanoes,as verified thro

Question 16

How do the jovian planet interiors differ?

Accepted Answer

A) All have cores of about the same mass,but differ in the amount of surrounding hydrogen and helium. 
B) The core mass decreases with the mass of the planet. 
C) The composition changes from mostly ammonia in Jupiter and Saturn to mostly methane in Uranus and Neptune. 
D) The composition changes from mostly hydrogen in Jupiter and Saturn to mostly helium in Uranus and Neptune. 
E) All have about the same amount of hydrogen and helium but the proportion of rocks is greater in those planets closer to the Sun. 
A) All have cores of about the same mass,but differ in the amount of surrounding hydrogen and helium. 
B) The core mass decreases with the mass of the planet. 
C) The composition changes from mostly ammonia in Jupiter and Saturn to mostly methane in Uranus and Neptune. 
D) The composition changes from mostly hydrogen in Jupiter and Saturn to mostly helium in Uranus and Neptune. 
E) All have about the same amount of hydrogen and helium but the proportion of rocks is greater in those planets closer to the Sun.

Question 17

Which of the following is most unlikely to be found on Titan?

Accepted Answer

A) lakes of liquid methane or ethane 
B) rain or snow consisting of methane or ethane droplets or ice crystals 
C) lakes of liquid water in the warmer equatorial regions 
D) volcanic outgassing of methane and other gases 
A) lakes of liquid methane or ethane 
B) rain or snow consisting of methane or ethane droplets or ice crystals 
C) lakes of liquid water in the warmer equatorial regions 
D) volcanic outgassing of methane and other gases

Question 18

Overall,Jupiter's composition is most like that of

Accepted Answer

A) Earth. 
B) a comet. 
C) an asteroid. 
D) the Sun. 
A) Earth. 
B) a comet. 
C) an asteroid. 
D) the Sun.

Question 19

Why are Saturn's rings so thin?

Accepted Answer

A) Saturn's gravity prevents particles from migrating upwards out of the rings. 
B) The "gap" moons shepherd the particles and maintain its thin profile. 
C) Any particle in the ring with an orbital tilt would collide with other ring particles,flattening its orbit. 
D) Solar radiation pressure keeps particles pressed into the rings. 
E) The current thinness is a short-lived phenomenon that is special to this time. 
A) Saturn's gravity prevents particles from migrating upwards out of the rings. 
B) The "gap" moons shepherd the particles and maintain its thin profile. 
C) Any particle in the ring with an orbital tilt would collide with other ring particles,flattening its orbit. 
D) Solar radiation pressure keeps particles pressed into the rings. 
E) The current thinness is a short-lived phenomenon that is special to this time.

Question 20

Why do Uranus and Neptune have blue methane clouds but Jupiter and Saturn do not?

Accepted Answer

A) Methane does not condense into ice in the warmer atmospheric temperatures of Jupiter and Saturn. 
B) Methane did not exist in the solar nebula at the radii of Jupiter and Saturn when the planets formed. 
C) The greater gravitational force of Jupiter and Saturn prevents the methane from rising to the upper edges of the atmosphere. 
D) Methane reacts with the abundant ammonia clouds in Jupiter and Saturn. 
E) The relatively slow rotation of Uranus and Neptune allows methane to migrate to higher levels in the atmosphere and condense into clouds. 
A) Methane does not condense into ice in the warmer atmospheric temperatures of Jupiter and Saturn. 
B) Methane did not exist in the solar nebula at the radii of Jupiter and Saturn when the planets formed. 
C) The greater gravitational force of Jupiter and Saturn prevents the methane from rising to the upper edges of the atmosphere. 
D) Methane reacts with the abundant ammonia clouds in Jupiter and Saturn. 
E) The relatively slow rotation of Uranus and Neptune allows methane to migrate to higher levels in the atmosphere and condense into clouds.

Exam 11: Jovian Planet Systems

Why does it make sense that the jovian planets farther from the Sun have less mass?

Which statement about planetary rings is not true?

Why is Jupiter denser than Saturn?

Use these choices for the following questions. -Which of the above applies to Ganymede?

Explain how the resonance among Io,Europa,and Ganymede makes their orbits slightly elliptical.

Of the four jovian planets,which likely formed first?

Use these choices for the following questions. -Which of the above applies to Triton?

What would happen to Jupiter if we could somehow double its mass?

Which previously unknown planet's location was predicted from mathematical calculations of orbital motions?

Which moon has a thick atmosphere made mostly of nitrogen?

What atmospheric constituent is responsible for the blue color of Uranus and Neptune?

How do typical wind speeds in Jupiter's atmosphere compare to typical wind speeds on Earth?

Which of the following is not due to tidal forces?

Process of Science: Scientists have not observed Io's interior nor measured its internal temperature.What evidence do we have of Io's strong tidal heating from Jupiter?

How do the jovian planet interiors differ?

Which of the following is most unlikely to be found on Titan?

Overall,Jupiter's composition is most like that of

Why are Saturn's rings so thin?

Why do Uranus and Neptune have blue methane clouds but Jupiter and Saturn do not?

A Modern View of the Universe

Discovering the Universe for Yourself

The Science of Astronomy

Making Sense of the Universe: Understanding Motion, Energy, and Gravity

Light and Matter: Reading Messages from the Cosmos

Telescopes: Portals of Discovery

Our Planetary System

Formation of the Solar System

Planetary Geology: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Planetary Atmospheres: Earth and the Other Terrestrial Worlds

Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets: Their Nature, Orbits, and Impacts

Other Planetary Systems: The New Science of Distant Worlds

Our Star

Surveying the Stars

Star Birth

Star Stuff

The Bizarre Stellar Graveyard

Our Galaxy

Galaxies and the Foundations of Modern Cosmology

Galaxy Evolution

The Birth of the Universe

Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and the Fate of the Universe

Life in the Universe

Celestial Timekeeping and Navigation

Space and Time

Spacetime and Gravity

Building Blocks of the Universe

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