Exam 10: Wind: Global Systems

On a weather map of the Northern Hemisphere, the trade winds would be observed ____.

Chicago, Illinois (latitude 42 degrees N)is located in the ____.

Flowing northward along the east coast of the United States is a tremendous warm water current called the ____________________.

The Arctic Oscillation is defined by variations in atmospheric pressure between the Arctic and the North Pacific and Atlantic.

Does the position of the polar jet stream change during the year? If so, how and why?

What occurs during a major El Niño event? How might this affect global wind and precipitation patterns?

How do jet streams form?

When we examine the real world, we obtain an average distribution of sea-level pressure and winds for January and July, and we can observe that there are regions where pressure systems appear to persist throughout the year. These systems are referred to as ____________________ because they move only slightly during the course of a year.

Explain why the semipermanent lows in the Southern Hemisphere are weaker than those in the Northern Hemisphere.

At any given time, only one jet stream can be found in the atmosphere.

The north-south temperature contrast along the polar front is strongest in ____ and weakest in ____.

Upwelling is ____.

During the warm (or positive)phase of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation, unusually cold surface water exists along the west coast of North America, whereas over the central North Pacific, warmer-than-normal surface water prevails.

According to the three-cell general circulation model, at the equator we would not expect to find ____.

On a weather map of the Northern Hemisphere, one would observe the westerlies ____.

In the three-cell model of the atmosphere, upper level winds are incorrectly predicted to flow from ____.

Due to Hadley cell formation and the Coriolis force in both hemispheres, winds aloft flow ____.

In the general circulation of the atmosphere, one would find the region called the doldrums at the equator.

Over the North Pacific Ocean, periodic changes in surface water temperature can influence weather along the west coast of North America for much longer periods of time than El Niño and La Niña. These changes are called the ____________________.

What meteorological conditions are typically associated with the ITCZ?