Question 1

String theories, like GUTs, explain how gravity was combined with the other fundamentalforces in the very early universe.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

A compelling advantage of the inflation theory is its explanation of both the ________ and________ problems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A compelling advantage of the inflation theory...

Question 3

The density of the cosmos at the end of the lepton epoch was comparable to iron, about tentimes denser than water.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Describe the separation of the superforce and the effect it had on the Universe.

Accepted Answer

The superforce separated into the electr

Question 5

Regular atoms did not show up in the universe until when?

Accepted Answer

A few hundred thousand years a

Question 6

The protons, neutrons, and electrons of our atoms were made in the quark epoch.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Observed temperature fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation are:

Accepted Answer

A) millions of kelvins. 
B) hundreds of kelvins. 
C) a few kelvins. 
D) tens of millionths of a kelvin. 
E) immeasurably small. 
A) millions of kelvins. 
B) hundreds of kelvins. 
C) a few kelvins. 
D) tens of millionths of a kelvin. 
E) immeasurably small.

Question 8

Which of these orderings of the epochs is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) nuclear, quark, galactic 
B) atomic, nuclear, stellar 
C) Planck, lepton, quark 
D) nuclear, lepton, quark 
E) galactic, stellar, atomic 
A) nuclear, quark, galactic 
B) atomic, nuclear, stellar 
C) Planck, lepton, quark 
D) nuclear, lepton, quark 
E) galactic, stellar, atomic

Question 9

How could the distance measurements based on white dwarf supernovae be independentlyvalidated (or invalidated)?

Accepted Answer

By observing the pre

Question 10

Relate the inflationary theory to the GUTs.

Accepted Answer

The "superforce" breaks up into the stro

Question 11

What are GUTs?

Accepted Answer

Grand Unified Theori

Question 12

Describe how the inflationary model of the early universe, a current matter density equal tothe critical density, and dark matter are related.

Accepted Answer

According to the flatness problem, it is

Question 13

Which of these substances must be primordial?

Accepted Answer

A) helium 
B) lithium 
C) deuterium 
D) beryllium 
E) tritium 
A) helium 
B) lithium 
C) deuterium 
D) beryllium 
E) tritium

Question 14

All of the ________ now observed must be primordial.

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the ________ now observed must...

Question 15

Decoupling refers to interactions between matter and antimatter at the end of the RadiationEra.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The ________ epoch explains how the uniformity of the 2.73K background could evolve intothe clumpy cosmos we live in today.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ epoch explains how the uniformity...

Question 17

At the end of the first fifteen minutes, the mass ratio of H/He created was about:

Accepted Answer

A) 50/50. 
B) 75/25. 
C) 27/73. 
D) 90/10. 
E) 1/4. 
A) 50/50. 
B) 75/25. 
C) 27/73. 
D) 90/10. 
E) 1/4.

Question 18

In pair production in the Big Bang, which statement is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) The heaviest particles and their antiparticles formed first, from collisions of the highestenergy gamma rays. 
B) Matter is frozen energy, according to Einstein's $\mathrm { E } = \mathrm { mc } 2$ 
C) Every electron should have a proton formed at the same time with it. 
D) Even neutrons have their antineutrons, although both lack any charge. 
E) In addition to familiar neutrons and protons, many other exotic particle and antiparticle pairsformed, but decayed back to radiation. 
A) The heaviest particles and their antiparticles formed first, from collisions of the highestenergy gamma rays. 
B) Matter is frozen energy, according to Einstein's $\mathrm { E } = \mathrm { mc } 2$ 
C) Every electron should have a proton formed at the same time with it. 
D) Even neutrons have their antineutrons, although both lack any charge. 
E) In addition to familiar neutrons and protons, many other exotic particle and antiparticle pairsformed, but decayed back to radiation.

Question 19

The separation of the ________ force from the Grand Unified Force was accompanied by therelease of energy which went into forcing an immense inflation of the size of the universe.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The separation of the ________ force from...

Question 20

What would help scientists probe the period from zero time to $10 - 43$ second?

Accepted Answer

A) discovery of a white hole, with matter and energy flowing out 
B) more sophisticated gravity wave detectors 
C) a theory incorporating the force of gravity into existing GUTs 
D) a better understanding of the nature of dark energy 
E) more detailed observations of the cosmic microwave background 
A) discovery of a white hole, with matter and energy flowing out 
B) more sophisticated gravity wave detectors 
C) a theory incorporating the force of gravity into existing GUTs 
D) a better understanding of the nature of dark energy 
E) more detailed observations of the cosmic microwave background

Exam 27: The Early Universe: Toward the Beginning of Time

String theories, like GUTs, explain how gravity was combined with the other fundamentalforces in the very early universe.

A compelling advantage of the inflation theory is its explanation of both the ________ and________ problems.

The density of the cosmos at the end of the lepton epoch was comparable to iron, about tentimes denser than water.

Describe the separation of the superforce and the effect it had on the Universe.

Regular atoms did not show up in the universe until when?

The protons, neutrons, and electrons of our atoms were made in the quark epoch.

Observed temperature fluctuations in the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation are:

Which of these orderings of the epochs is correct?

How could the distance measurements based on white dwarf supernovae be independentlyvalidated (or invalidated)?

Relate the inflationary theory to the GUTs.

What are GUTs?

Describe how the inflationary model of the early universe, a current matter density equal tothe critical density, and dark matter are related.

Which of these substances must be primordial?

All of the ________ now observed must be primordial.

Decoupling refers to interactions between matter and antimatter at the end of the RadiationEra.

The ________ epoch explains how the uniformity of the 2.73K background could evolve intothe clumpy cosmos we live in today.

At the end of the first fifteen minutes, the mass ratio of H/He created was about:

In pair production in the Big Bang, which statement is FALSE?

The separation of the ________ force from the Grand Unified Force was accompanied by therelease of energy which went into forcing an immense inflation of the size of the universe.

What would help scientists probe the period from zero time to 10−4310 - 4310−43 second?

Charting the Heavens: The Foundations of Astronomy

The Copernican Revolution: The Birth of Modern Science

Radiation: Information From the Cosmos

Spectroscopy: the Inner Workings of Atoms

Telescopes: The Tools of Astronomy

The Solar System: Comparative Planetology and Formation Models

Earth: Our Home in Space

The Moon and Mercury: Scorched and Battered Worlds

Venus: Earths Sister Planet

Mars: a Near Miss for Life

Jupiter: Giant of the Solar System

Saturn: Spectacular Rings and Mysterious Moons

Uranus and Neptune: The Outer Worlds of the Solar System

Solar System Debris: Keys to Our Origin

Exoplanets: Planetary Systems Beyond Our Own

The Sun: Our Parent Star

The Stars: Giants, Dwarfs, and the Main Sequence

The Interstellar Medium: Gas and Dust Among the Stars

Star Formation: a Traumatic Birth

Stellar Evolution: The Life and Death of a Star

Stellar Explosions: Novae, Supernovae, and the Formation of the Elements

Neutron Stars and Black Holes: Strange States of Matter

The Milky Way Galaxy: a Spiral in Space

Galaxies: Building Blocks of the Universe

Galaxies and Dark Matter: The Large-Scale Structure of the Cosmos

Cosmology: The Big Bang and the Fate of the Universe

Life in the Universe: Are We Alone

Filters

A compelling advantage of the inflation theory is its explanation of both the and problems.

What would help scientists probe the period from zero time to $10 - 43$ second?