Exam 2: The Biological Perspective

When the electrical potential in a cell is in action versus a resting state, this electrical charge reversal is known as the __________.

Every deliberate action you make, such as pedaling a bike, walking, or raising your hand in class, involves neurons in the __________ nervous system.

In the structure of the neuron, the __________ receives messages from other cells.

The pineal gland secrets a hormone called insulin.

The area of the frontal lobe that is devoted to the production of fluent speech is __________ area.

Enzymatic degradation is the process by which an excess of a neurotransmitter called __________ is removed from synapses. Other neurotransmitters can be removed via the process of reuptake.

The __________ is a structure in the brain stem that plays a role in sleep, dreaming, left-right body coordination, and arousal.

The fluid-filled space between the synaptic knob of one cell and the dendrites of the next cell is called the __________.

Delaney returns from a day at the beach to find she has developed a severe sunburn. Which neurons are sending the messages from her burned skin to her brain informing her of the pain from the burn?

The long bundle of neurons that carries messages between the body and the brain and is responsible for very fast, lifesaving reflexes is called the __________.

What is a neuron? Describe the major parts of a neuron and their functions. Explain the process of how a neural message is transmitted from the end of one neuron to the beginning of another and the process by which a neuron moves from a resting state (resting potential) to firing (action potential) and then back to a resting state.

Neurotransmitters must pass from an axon terminal to the next dendrite by crossing a fluid-filled space called the __________.

What part of the brain can sometimes be referred to as the "rind" or outer covering?

Which structure is like a locked door that only certain neurotransmitter keys can unlock?

A brain-imaging method using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain is called __________.

Calm is to aroused as __________ is to __________.

The part of the nervous system that allows the brain to regulate digestion, heart rate, and respiration without our conscious attention is the __________.

Positron emission tomography (PET) is a brain-imaging method using radio waves and magnetic fields of the body to produce detailed images of the brain.

The nervous system is defined as __________.

The branch of neuroscience that focuses on the biological bases of psychological processes, behavior, and learning is called __________.