Exam 7: Instrumental Conditioning: Motivational Mechanisms

Experimental evidence suggests that how the behavioral bliss point is achieved is important.For example,rats may first run,then drink.This is a challenge to the bliss point approach because

The emotional state "hope" occurs when

In some cases,imposing an instrumental contingency makes it impossible for an organism to return to the free-baseline behavioral bliss point.In these circumstances,

According to the reward-specific expectancy theory,lever press behavior resulting in access to food will increase if a CS is presented that had previously been paired with

A researcher expresses the behavioral bliss point for two behaviors,drinking and running as a simple ratio of running/drinking.The initial bliss point is given the value of X.After several weeks,in which the animal in question is allowed to remain in the environment,the researcher should expect that the bliss point will be

A major contribution of the Premack principle is that

Which of the following theories suggests it is possible for a low probability response to reinforce a high probability response?

Kim was working diligently on her art project in order to earn a gold star.According to modern two-process theory,when she smelled the perfume of her favorite teacher,signaling the teacher's arrival,Kim's work rate

The problem with assuming that R-O relationships act alone to produce instrumental behavior is that

Intuition suggests that subjects make responses in order to receive a particular outcome.What evidence is there of R-O associations in animals?

Which of the following is not considered a contribution of the Premack principle?

According to the modern two-process theory,the emotional state generated by an instrumental conditioning procedure is determined by

According to behavioral regulation theories,when a rat is hungry,it pushes a lever to get food in order to

In order to determine if one response will reinforce another,what would Premack suggest you need to know?

Compare the Premack principle to the response deprivation hypothesis.What evidence supports the response deprivation hypothesis?

What is the behavioral bliss point? How does an experimenter determine the bliss point? How does the bliss point approach account for reinforcer effects?

When response allocation cannot return an organism to its bliss point,the response allocation between instrumental and contingent behaviors becomes a matter of compromise.Which theory suggests that the new distribution of behaviors is the least different from bliss point?

Hull and Spence added a classical conditioning component to Thorndike's Law of Effect by suggesting that the presence of stimuli S

Which of the following theories views an instrumental contingency as a disruption of the most comfortable distribution of responses?

According to the modern two-process theory,instrumental behavior reinforced by food or other appetitive reinforcers is motivated by