Question 1

Erik Erikson believed that the overall task of the individual is to acquire a:

Accepted Answer

A)  balance among the three aspects of the personality. 
B)  positive ego identity. 
C)  resistance to the negative effects of culture. 
D)  self-actualizing career. 
A)  balance among the three aspects of the personality. 
B)  positive ego identity. 
C)  resistance to the negative effects of culture. 
D)  self-actualizing career.

Question 2

According to Piaget,a schema is a:

Accepted Answer

A)  plan of action that an individual develops. 
B)  behavior carried out after reasoning has taken place. 
C)  mental structure an individual uses to deal with the environment. 
D)  balance between assimilation and accommodation. 
A)  plan of action that an individual develops. 
B)  behavior carried out after reasoning has taken place. 
C)  mental structure an individual uses to deal with the environment. 
D)  balance between assimilation and accommodation.

Question 3

Arnold Gesell was whose student?

Accepted Answer

A)  G. Stanley Hall's 
B)  Sigmund Freud's 
C)  Charles Darwin's 
D)  Erik Erikson's 
A)  G. Stanley Hall's 
B)  Sigmund Freud's 
C)  Charles Darwin's 
D)  Erik Erikson's

Question 4

Cultural relativism refers to the idea that:

Accepted Answer

A)  all cultures are relatively the same in terms of societal hierarchies. 
B)  values, beliefs, and institutions vary from culture to culture. 
C)  the importance of one's relatives varies depending on one's culture. 
D)  culture is relatively unimportant compared to genetics and biology. 
A)  all cultures are relatively the same in terms of societal hierarchies. 
B)  values, beliefs, and institutions vary from culture to culture. 
C)  the importance of one's relatives varies depending on one's culture. 
D)  culture is relatively unimportant compared to genetics and biology.

Question 5

According to Erik Erikson,one may have an identity crisis during which of the following stages?

Accepted Answer

A)  Adolescence 
B)  Young adulthood 
C)  Middle adulthood 
D)  any of the above 
A)  Adolescence 
B)  Young adulthood 
C)  Middle adulthood 
D)  any of the above

Question 6

Kyra skateboards because it makes her feel proud and satisfied.According to Bandura,what kind of reinforcement has taken place?

Accepted Answer

A)  Intermittent 
B)  Primary 
C)  Self 
D)  Vicarious 
A)  Intermittent 
B)  Primary 
C)  Self 
D)  Vicarious

Question 7

According to Lewin,an adolescent may be called a "marginal man" because:

Accepted Answer

A)  his or her life space is far too differentiated. 
B)  the child portion of his or her life space overlaps with the adult portion. 
C)  the margins of his or her cognitive structure are too thick. 
D)  the margins of his or her cognitive structure are too thin. 
A)  his or her life space is far too differentiated. 
B)  the child portion of his or her life space overlaps with the adult portion. 
C)  the margins of his or her cognitive structure are too thick. 
D)  the margins of his or her cognitive structure are too thin.

Question 8

What is Freud's term for a young child adopting the beliefs,values,and behaviors of the same-sex parent?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuation 
B)  Identification 
C)  Object finding 
D)  Autonomy 
A)  Individuation 
B)  Identification 
C)  Object finding 
D)  Autonomy

Question 9

Five-year-old Leesa has discovered her genitals and sometimes masturbates.According to Freud,what stage of development is she experiencing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anal 
B)  Genital 
C)  Phallic 
D)  Oral 
A)  Anal 
B)  Genital 
C)  Phallic 
D)  Oral

Question 10

Explain how the concepts of schema,assimilation,accommodation,disequilibrium,and equilibrium explain Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive develo

Question 11

According to Piaget,incorporating information into existing mental structures is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  equilibrium. 
B)  assimilation. 
C)  accommodation. 
D)  disequilibrium. 
A)  equilibrium. 
B)  assimilation. 
C)  accommodation. 
D)  disequilibrium.

Question 12

Roger is a rebellious,angry teenager who does what he wants,no matter how much he hurts others.According to Freud,which of the following is being exhibited?

Accepted Answer

A)  Identification 
B)  Ego 
C)  Id 
D)  Superego 
A)  Identification 
B)  Ego 
C)  Id 
D)  Superego

Question 13

All of the following were advocated by Margaret Mead EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescents should be accepted into society at a younger age. 
B)  adolescents should marry later. 
C)  adolescents should be given a greater voice in the community's social life. 
D)  parenthood should be postponed. 
A)  adolescents should be accepted into society at a younger age. 
B)  adolescents should marry later. 
C)  adolescents should be given a greater voice in the community's social life. 
D)  parenthood should be postponed.

Question 14

Scaffolding refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  showing children how to achieve a task by having them model the teacher. 
B)  helping a child, but then taking away the help once the task can be done alone. 
C)  putting children of the same ability in groups so that they work together. 
D)  allowing children to explore and experiment on their own to complete a task. 
A)  showing children how to achieve a task by having them model the teacher. 
B)  helping a child, but then taking away the help once the task can be done alone. 
C)  putting children of the same ability in groups so that they work together. 
D)  allowing children to explore and experiment on their own to complete a task.

Question 15

Unlike Freud,Erikson believed that ____________ was the driving force behind much of behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  the id 
B)  identification 
C)  the superego 
D)  the ego 
A)  the id 
B)  identification 
C)  the superego 
D)  the ego

Question 16

Psychosocial moratorium refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  an arrest in identity development. 
B)  the period during which the individual finds a niche in society. 
C)  the mourning period after a parent dies. 
D)  the list of social sanctions that apply to adolescents. 
A)  an arrest in identity development. 
B)  the period during which the individual finds a niche in society. 
C)  the mourning period after a parent dies. 
D)  the list of social sanctions that apply to adolescents.

Question 17

According to Freud,individuation occurs when:

Accepted Answer

A)  children take on the values, beliefs, and behaviors of the same-sex parent. 
B)  adolescents get rid of hostility and become emotionally closer to parents. 
C)  children realize that their individual needs are not the same as others' needs. 
D)  adolescents break emotional bonds to parents and become independent. 
A)  children take on the values, beliefs, and behaviors of the same-sex parent. 
B)  adolescents get rid of hostility and become emotionally closer to parents. 
C)  children realize that their individual needs are not the same as others' needs. 
D)  adolescents break emotional bonds to parents and become independent.

Question 18

Karuna is six months old.According to Erikson,in which stage is she?

Accepted Answer

A)  Initiative vs. guilt 
B)  Autonomy vs. shame and doubt 
C)  Trust vs. mistrust 
D)  Industry vs. inferiority 
A)  Initiative vs. guilt 
B)  Autonomy vs. shame and doubt 
C)  Trust vs. mistrust 
D)  Industry vs. inferiority

Question 19

Explain how the concepts of modeling and reinforcement in Albert Bandura's social learning theory explain the increase in aggressive behavior among children and adolescents.

Accepted Answer

Albert Bandura's social learning theory

Question 20

Explain Lev Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development and what he meant by the zone of proximal development.Also,explain how his theory relates to the research highlighted in the text concerning course-related,online chat rooms and bulletin boards.

Accepted Answer

Lev Vygotsky's theory of cognitive devel

Erik Erikson believed that the overall task of the individual is to acquire a:

According to Piaget,a schema is a:

Arnold Gesell was whose student?

Cultural relativism refers to the idea that:

According to Erik Erikson,one may have an identity crisis during which of the following stages?

Kyra skateboards because it makes her feel proud and satisfied.According to Bandura,what kind of reinforcement has taken place?

According to Lewin,an adolescent may be called a "marginal man" because:

What is Freud's term for a young child adopting the beliefs,values,and behaviors of the same-sex parent?

Five-year-old Leesa has discovered her genitals and sometimes masturbates.According to Freud,what stage of development is she experiencing?

Explain how the concepts of schema,assimilation,accommodation,disequilibrium,and equilibrium explain Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

According to Piaget,incorporating information into existing mental structures is called:

Roger is a rebellious,angry teenager who does what he wants,no matter how much he hurts others.According to Freud,which of the following is being exhibited?

All of the following were advocated by Margaret Mead EXCEPT:

Scaffolding refers to:

Unlike Freud,Erikson believed that ____________ was the driving force behind much of behavior.

Psychosocial moratorium refers to:

According to Freud,individuation occurs when:

Karuna is six months old.According to Erikson,in which stage is she?

Explain how the concepts of modeling and reinforcement in Albert Bandura's social learning theory explain the increase in aggressive behavior among children and adolescents.

Explain Lev Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development and what he meant by the zone of proximal development.Also,explain how his theory relates to the research highlighted in the text concerning course-related,online chat rooms and bulletin boards.

The Social Context of Adolescence

Adolescent Diversity: Socioeconomic Status and Ethnicity

Body Issues Physical Growth and Health-Related Behaviors

Cognitive Development: Improvements in Thinking, Reasoning, and Decision Making

Self-Concept, Identity, Ethnicity, and Gender

The Development of Moral Values

Relationships with Family Members

Different Family Patterns

Being a Member of the Adolescent Subculture: Activities and Interactions with Peers

Sexual Behaviors

Education and School

Work and Vocation

Adolescent Stress and Alienation

Substance Abuse,Addiction,and Dependency

Filters

Exam 2: Adolescents in Theoretical Context

Erik Erikson believed that the overall task of the individual is to acquire a:

According to Piaget,a schema is a:

Arnold Gesell was whose student?

Cultural relativism refers to the idea that:

According to Erik Erikson,one may have an identity crisis during which of the following stages?

Kyra skateboards because it makes her feel proud and satisfied.According to Bandura,what kind of reinforcement has taken place?

According to Lewin,an adolescent may be called a "marginal man" because:

What is Freud's term for a young child adopting the beliefs,values,and behaviors of the same-sex parent?

Five-year-old Leesa has discovered her genitals and sometimes masturbates.According to Freud,what stage of development is she experiencing?

Explain how the concepts of schema,assimilation,accommodation,disequilibrium,and equilibrium explain Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development.

According to Piaget,incorporating information into existing mental structures is called:

Roger is a rebellious,angry teenager who does what he wants,no matter how much he hurts others.According to Freud,which of the following is being exhibited?

All of the following were advocated by Margaret Mead EXCEPT:

Scaffolding refers to:

Unlike Freud,Erikson believed that ____________ was the driving force behind much of behavior.

Psychosocial moratorium refers to:

According to Freud,individuation occurs when:

Karuna is six months old.According to Erikson,in which stage is she?

Explain how the concepts of modeling and reinforcement in Albert Bandura's social learning theory explain the increase in aggressive behavior among children and adolescents.

Explain Lev Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development and what he meant by the zone of proximal development.Also,explain how his theory relates to the research highlighted in the text concerning course-related,online chat rooms and bulletin boards.

The Social Context of Adolescence

Adolescent Diversity: Socioeconomic Status and Ethnicity

Body Issues Physical Growth and Health-Related Behaviors

Cognitive Development: Improvements in Thinking, Reasoning, and Decision Making

Self-Concept, Identity, Ethnicity, and Gender

The Development of Moral Values

Relationships with Family Members

Different Family Patterns

Being a Member of the Adolescent Subculture: Activities and Interactions with Peers

Sexual Behaviors

Education and School

Work and Vocation

Adolescent Stress and Alienation

Substance Abuse,Addiction,and Dependency

Filters