Question 1

Which statement is NOT true for the myogenic mechanism?

Accepted Answer

A)  It causes the afferent arteriole to constrict when blood pressure is too high. 
B)  It may result from stretching of vascular smooth muscle. 
C)  It is under motor system control. 
A)  It causes the afferent arteriole to constrict when blood pressure is too high. 
B)  It may result from stretching of vascular smooth muscle. 
C)  It is under motor system control.

Question 2

In general,the substances in the filtrate that need to be conserved are selectively reabsorbed whereas the unwanted substances that need to be eliminated fail to be reabsorbed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Indicate which substance in the top column undergoes the process in the lower column by using the answer code:
-filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted

Accepted Answer

A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+ 
A) K+ 
B) glucose 
C) inulin 
D) plasma protein 
E) urea
F)H+

Question 4

What happens to the tubular secretion when the extracellular fluid becomes too acidic?

Accepted Answer

A)  No ionic substance is affected. 
B)  Hydrogen ions decrease. 
C)  Hydrogen ions increase. 
D)  Sodium ions decrease. 
A)  No ionic substance is affected. 
B)  Hydrogen ions decrease. 
C)  Hydrogen ions increase. 
D)  Sodium ions decrease.

Question 5

Sympathetic vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles and a resultant fall in the GFR occur as part of the baroreceptor reflex response when the blood pressure is too low.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Which statement regarding tubular secretion is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It involves transepithelial transport. 
B)  It is the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid. 
C)  It always occurs by active transport. 
D)  a and b. 
A)  It involves transepithelial transport. 
B)  It is the movement of a substance from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid. 
C)  It always occurs by active transport. 
D)  a and b.

Question 7

Which statement is correct concerning glomerular filtration?

Accepted Answer

A)  It occurs in the loop of Henle. 
B)  It is the process by which plasma water, electrolytes, and small molecules, which enter Bowman's capsule, are separated from blood cells and protein, which remain in the glomerular capillaries. 
C)  It is the process by which a substance is transported from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillaries. 
D)  It is greater when glomerular capsular pressure is higher. 
A)  It occurs in the loop of Henle. 
B)  It is the process by which plasma water, electrolytes, and small molecules, which enter Bowman's capsule, are separated from blood cells and protein, which remain in the glomerular capillaries. 
C)  It is the process by which a substance is transported from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillaries. 
D)  It is greater when glomerular capsular pressure is higher.

Question 8

On average,of the 125 mL/min of plasma filtered,____________________ mL/min is reabsorbed,and ____________________ mL/min is excreted as urine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of On average,of the 125 mL/min of plasma...

Question 9

What establishes the medullary vertical osmotic gradient by means of countercurrent multiplication?

Accepted Answer

A)  loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons 
B)  loops of Henle of cortical nephrons 
C)  vasa recta of juxtamedullary nephrons 
D)  vasa recta of cortical nephrons 
A)  loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons 
B)  loops of Henle of cortical nephrons 
C)  vasa recta of juxtamedullary nephrons 
D)  vasa recta of cortical nephrons

Question 10

Where does tubular secretion of foreign substances such as drugs generally occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bowman's capsule 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  the proximal tubule 
D)  the collecting duct 
A)  Bowman's capsule 
B)  the loop of Henle 
C)  the proximal tubule 
D)  the collecting duct

Question 11

Which statement regarding tubular reabsorption is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  It refers to the movement of a substance from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillary blood. 
B)  It is important for the conservation of substances important to the body, such as Na+, Cl-, glucose, and amino acids. 
C)  It can occur by active or passive transport mechanisms. 
D)  It takes place only in the proximal tubule. 
A)  It refers to the movement of a substance from the tubular fluid to the peritubular capillary blood. 
B)  It is important for the conservation of substances important to the body, such as Na+, Cl-, glucose, and amino acids. 
C)  It can occur by active or passive transport mechanisms. 
D)  It takes place only in the proximal tubule.

Question 12

What happens when the bladder of an infant is filled with urine?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stretch receptors in the bladder wall are inhibited. 
B)  Parasympathetic nerve supplying the bladder is inhibited, allowing the bladder to relax. 
C)  A motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated, causing the sphincter to open. 
D)  A motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is inhibited, allowing the sphincter to open. 
A)  Stretch receptors in the bladder wall are inhibited. 
B)  Parasympathetic nerve supplying the bladder is inhibited, allowing the bladder to relax. 
C)  A motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is stimulated, causing the sphincter to open. 
D)  A motor neuron supplying the external urethral sphincter is inhibited, allowing the sphincter to open.

Question 13

Which of the following forces does NOT oppose/s glomerular filtration?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood colloid-osmotic pressure 
B)  Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure 
C)  glomerular-capillary blood pressure 
A)  blood colloid-osmotic pressure 
B)  Bowman's capsule hydrostatic pressure 
C)  glomerular-capillary blood pressure

Question 14

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-directly stimulates Na⁺ reabsorption by the distal and collecting tubules

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 15

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-acted upon by converting enzyme

Accepted Answer

A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide 
A) renin 
B) angiotensinogen 
C) angiotensin I 
D) angiotensin II 
E) aldosterone
F)atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 16

The pores in the glomerular membrane are too small for albumin to pass through.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Tubular secretion involves the movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is the same as in capillaries elsewhere in the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

What does NOT contribute to the establishment of a vertical osmotic gradient in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)  the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 
B)  countercurrent multiplication in the long loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons 
C)  urea recycling between the late portion of the collecting tubule and the long loops of Henle 
D)  active transportation of sodium out of ascending limb of the loop of Henle 
A)  the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system 
B)  countercurrent multiplication in the long loops of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons 
C)  urea recycling between the late portion of the collecting tubule and the long loops of Henle 
D)  active transportation of sodium out of ascending limb of the loop of Henle

Question 20

Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mosm/litre.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mosm/litre....

Which statement is NOT true for the myogenic mechanism?

In general,the substances in the filtrate that need to be conserved are selectively reabsorbed whereas the unwanted substances that need to be eliminated fail to be reabsorbed.

Indicate which substance in the top column undergoes the process in the lower column by using the answer code: -filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted

What happens to the tubular secretion when the extracellular fluid becomes too acidic?

Sympathetic vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles and a resultant fall in the GFR occur as part of the baroreceptor reflex response when the blood pressure is too low.

Which statement regarding tubular secretion is NOT true?

Which statement is correct concerning glomerular filtration?

On average,of the 125 mL/min of plasma filtered, mL/min is reabsorbed,and mL/min is excreted as urine.

What establishes the medullary vertical osmotic gradient by means of countercurrent multiplication?

Where does tubular secretion of foreign substances such as drugs generally occur?

Which statement regarding tubular reabsorption is INCORRECT?

What happens when the bladder of an infant is filled with urine?

Which of the following forces does NOT oppose/s glomerular filtration?

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -directly stimulates Na⁺ reabsorption by the distal and collecting tubules

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -acted upon by converting enzyme

The pores in the glomerular membrane are too small for albumin to pass through.

Tubular secretion involves the movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid.

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is the same as in capillaries elsewhere in the body.

What does NOT contribute to the establishment of a vertical osmotic gradient in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla?

Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mosm/litre.

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Principals of Endocrinology; The Central Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

Exam 12: The Urinary System

Which statement is NOT true for the myogenic mechanism?

In general,the substances in the filtrate that need to be conserved are selectively reabsorbed whereas the unwanted substances that need to be eliminated fail to be reabsorbed.

Indicate which substance in the top column undergoes the process in the lower column by using the answer code: -filtered and actively reabsorbed but not secreted

What happens to the tubular secretion when the extracellular fluid becomes too acidic?

Sympathetic vasoconstriction of the afferent arterioles and a resultant fall in the GFR occur as part of the baroreceptor reflex response when the blood pressure is too low.

Which statement regarding tubular secretion is NOT true?

Which statement is correct concerning glomerular filtration?

On average,of the 125 mL/min of plasma filtered,____________________ mL/min is reabsorbed,and ____________________ mL/min is excreted as urine.

What establishes the medullary vertical osmotic gradient by means of countercurrent multiplication?

Where does tubular secretion of foreign substances such as drugs generally occur?

Which statement regarding tubular reabsorption is INCORRECT?

What happens when the bladder of an infant is filled with urine?

Which of the following forces does NOT oppose/s glomerular filtration?

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -directly stimulates Na⁺ reabsorption by the distal and collecting tubules

Match the chemicals below with the correct characteristic by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -acted upon by converting enzyme

The pores in the glomerular membrane are too small for albumin to pass through.

Tubular secretion involves the movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular fluid.

Blood pressure in the glomerular capillaries is the same as in capillaries elsewhere in the body.

What does NOT contribute to the establishment of a vertical osmotic gradient in the interstitial fluid of the renal medulla?

Body fluids are ____________________ at 300 mosm/litre.

The Foundation of Physiology

Cell Physiology

The Central Nervous System

The Peripheral Nervous System

Principals of Endocrinology; The Central Endocrine Glands

Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Physiology

Vascular Physiology

The Blood

Body Defences

The Respiratory System

Fluid and Acid Base Balance

The Digestive System

Energy Balance and Temperature Regulation

The Endocrine Glands

The Reproductive System

Filters

On average,of the 125 mL/min of plasma filtered, mL/min is reabsorbed,and mL/min is excreted as urine.