Question 1

Concluding that aliens have visited Earth on the basis of one person's report that he saw a UFO fails to support which criterion of science?

Accepted Answer

A) Empiricism 
B) Public verifiability 
C) Solvability 
D) Statistical analysis 
A) Empiricism 
B) Public verifiability 
C) Solvability 
D) Statistical analysis

Question 2

An explanation that is developed after obtaining a particular result is called

Accepted Answer

A) operational. 
B) deductive. 
C) post hoc. 
D) a priori. 
A) operational. 
B) deductive. 
C) post hoc. 
D) a priori.

Question 3

Although theories can never be ______, they can be _______ by the results of a particular research study.

Accepted Answer

A) proved; disproved 
B) disproved; proved 
C) proved; supported 
D) falsified; proved 
A) proved; disproved 
B) disproved; proved 
C) proved; supported 
D) falsified; proved

Question 4

A scientific hypothesis must be stated in such a way that it is

Accepted Answer

A) deduced. 
B) proven. 
C) logical. 
D) falsifiable. 
A) deduced. 
B) proven. 
C) logical. 
D) falsifiable.

Question 5

Null findings are results of a study that

Accepted Answer

A) disconfirm the researcher's hypothesis. 
B) confirm a common sense hypothesis. 
C) reveal no relationships among the variables being studied. 
D) are dismissed as invalid by the scientific community. 
A) disconfirm the researcher's hypothesis. 
B) confirm a common sense hypothesis. 
C) reveal no relationships among the variables being studied. 
D) are dismissed as invalid by the scientific community.

Question 6

Empirical generalizations are

Accepted Answer

A) derived from observed results. 
B) deduced from theories. 
C) inferred from models. 
D) generalized from assumptions. 
A) derived from observed results. 
B) deduced from theories. 
C) inferred from models. 
D) generalized from assumptions.

Question 7

The first psychological laboratory in the United States was established by

Accepted Answer

A) James McKeen Cattell. 
B) G) Stanley Hall. 
C) John Watson. 
D) William James. 
A) James McKeen Cattell. 
B) G) Stanley Hall. 
C) John Watson. 
D) William James.

Question 8

The practice of using many different methods and designs to test theories is called

Accepted Answer

A) strong inference. 
B) methodological pluralism. 
C) operationism. 
D) deductive research. 
A) strong inference. 
B) methodological pluralism. 
C) operationism. 
D) deductive research.

Question 9

Distinguish between an independent variable and a dependent variable.

Accepted Answer

An independent variable and a dependent

Question 10

In what sense is psychology both a science and a profession?

Accepted Answer

Psychology is considered both a science

Question 11

Why are scientists skeptical of post hoc explanations?

Accepted Answer

Scientists are often skeptical of post h

Question 12

A researcher who was applying the strategy of strong inference would design a study that

Accepted Answer

A) proved a theory. 
B) generated null findings. 
C) used many different research methods. 
D) tested hypotheses derived from competing theories. 
A) proved a theory. 
B) generated null findings. 
C) used many different research methods. 
D) tested hypotheses derived from competing theories.

Question 13

Research that is designed to find solutions to particular problems is called

Accepted Answer

A) applied research. 
B) post hoc research. 
C) deductive research. 
D) action research. 
A) applied research. 
B) post hoc research. 
C) deductive research. 
D) action research.

Question 14

How does the scientific observation of events differ from everyday observation?

Accepted Answer

A) Scientific observations are always correct. 
B) Scientific observations are structured in a systematic fashion. 
C) Scientific observations use highly specialized equipment. 
D) Scientific observations may be interpreted in only one way. 
A) Scientific observations are always correct. 
B) Scientific observations are structured in a systematic fashion. 
C) Scientific observations use highly specialized equipment. 
D) Scientific observations may be interpreted in only one way.

Question 15

A set of propositions that attempts to specify the interrelationships among constructs is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) theory. 
B) pseudoscientific proposition. 
C) post hoc explanation. 
D) operational definition. 
A) theory. 
B) pseudoscientific proposition. 
C) post hoc explanation. 
D) operational definition.

Question 16

Explain why systematic empiricism, public verification, and solvability are each essential to the scientific method.

Accepted Answer

Systematic empiricism, public verificati

Question 17

Empiricism refers to the practice of relying on ________ to draw conclusions.

Accepted Answer

A) statistics 
B) experts 
C) observation 
D) deduction 
A) statistics 
B) experts 
C) observation 
D) deduction

Question 18

In a study of embarrassment, which of the following would be an operational definition of "blushing"?

Accepted Answer

A) A participant's rating of how much he or she blushed on a 1 to 7 scale 
B) A researcher's rating of whether a participant blushed on a 1 to 5 scale 
C) A physiological measure of blushing 
D) All of these answers are operational definitions of blushing. 
A) A participant's rating of how much he or she blushed on a 1 to 7 scale 
B) A researcher's rating of whether a participant blushed on a 1 to 5 scale 
C) A physiological measure of blushing 
D) All of these answers are operational definitions of blushing.

Question 19

Wilhelm Wundt

Accepted Answer

A) was the first clinical psychologist. 
B) conducted the first scientific studies of children. 
C) was the father of modern statistics. 
D) founded one of the first psychological laboratories. 
A) was the first clinical psychologist. 
B) conducted the first scientific studies of children. 
C) was the father of modern statistics. 
D) founded one of the first psychological laboratories.

Question 20

Research that involves the study of thinking and memory is most likely to be conducted within

Accepted Answer

A) cognitive psychology. 
B) educational psychology. 
C) school psychology. 
D) social psychology. 
A) cognitive psychology. 
B) educational psychology. 
C) school psychology. 
D) social psychology.

Concluding that aliens have visited Earth on the basis of one person's report that he saw a UFO fails to support which criterion of science?

An explanation that is developed after obtaining a particular result is called

Although theories can never be , they can be _ by the results of a particular research study.

A scientific hypothesis must be stated in such a way that it is

Null findings are results of a study that

Empirical generalizations are

The first psychological laboratory in the United States was established by

The practice of using many different methods and designs to test theories is called

Distinguish between an independent variable and a dependent variable.

In what sense is psychology both a science and a profession?

Why are scientists skeptical of post hoc explanations?

A researcher who was applying the strategy of strong inference would design a study that

Research that is designed to find solutions to particular problems is called

How does the scientific observation of events differ from everyday observation?

A set of propositions that attempts to specify the interrelationships among constructs is a(n)

Explain why systematic empiricism, public verification, and solvability are each essential to the scientific method.

Empiricism refers to the practice of relying on ________ to draw conclusions.

In a study of embarrassment, which of the following would be an operational definition of "blushing"?

Wilhelm Wundt

Research that involves the study of thinking and memory is most likely to be conducted within

Behavioral Variability and Research

The Measurement of Behavior

Approaches to Psychological Measurement

Selecting Research Participants

Descriptive Research

Correlational Research

Advanced Correlational Strategies

Basic Issues in Experimental Research

Experimental Design

Analyzing Experimental Data: Basic Concepts

Statistical Analysis

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research

Ethical Issues in Behavioral Research

Scientific Writing

Filters

Exam 1: Research in the Behavioral Sciences

Concluding that aliens have visited Earth on the basis of one person's report that he saw a UFO fails to support which criterion of science?

An explanation that is developed after obtaining a particular result is called

Although theories can never be ______, they can be _______ by the results of a particular research study.

A scientific hypothesis must be stated in such a way that it is

Null findings are results of a study that

Empirical generalizations are

The first psychological laboratory in the United States was established by

The practice of using many different methods and designs to test theories is called

Distinguish between an independent variable and a dependent variable.

In what sense is psychology both a science and a profession?

Why are scientists skeptical of post hoc explanations?

A researcher who was applying the strategy of strong inference would design a study that

Research that is designed to find solutions to particular problems is called

How does the scientific observation of events differ from everyday observation?

A set of propositions that attempts to specify the interrelationships among constructs is a(n)

Explain why systematic empiricism, public verification, and solvability are each essential to the scientific method.

Empiricism refers to the practice of relying on ________ to draw conclusions.

In a study of embarrassment, which of the following would be an operational definition of "blushing"?

Wilhelm Wundt

Research that involves the study of thinking and memory is most likely to be conducted within

Behavioral Variability and Research

The Measurement of Behavior

Approaches to Psychological Measurement

Selecting Research Participants

Descriptive Research

Correlational Research

Advanced Correlational Strategies

Basic Issues in Experimental Research

Experimental Design

Analyzing Experimental Data: Basic Concepts

Statistical Analysis

Quasi-Experimental Designs

Single-Case Research

Ethical Issues in Behavioral Research

Scientific Writing

Filters

Although theories can never be , they can be _ by the results of a particular research study.