Exam 9: Punishment and Sentencing

A situation in which those convicted of similar crimes do not receive similar sentences is:

Case 9-1 Jeremy has just been found guilty by a jury for the crimes of robbery, aggravated assault, and obstruction of justice. Jeremy has an extensive criminal history. He was previously in prison for burglary and possession of illegal drugs. When he was arrested for these new crimes of robbery, aggravated assault, and obstruction of justice, he was on probation for stealing a vehicle. -The state that Jeremy was convicted in allows judges to set a minimum and maximum amount of time that Jeremy will spend in prison. What type of sentencing is this?

A(n)_______ circumstance is any circumstance accompanying the commission of a crime that may justify a harsher sentence.

House arrest, electronic monitoring, and boot camp are all examples of:

Advocates of the death penalty argue that it is a strong general deterrent.

In an effort to eliminate the inequities of disparity by removing judicial bias from the sentencing process, many states and the federal government have turned to ____, which require judges to dispense legislatively determined sentences based on factors such as the seriousness of the crime and the offender's prior record.

If the judge sentences Jeremy to a prison sentence of twenty years to life, who will decide at what point Jeremy is released from prison?

Many prosecutors and defense attorneys are opposed to "real offense" procedures because they can render a plea bargain meaningless.

In________ , the U.S. Supreme Court did not rule that the death penalty inherently violated the Eighth Amendment's protection against cruel and unusual punishment or the Fourteenth Amendment's guarantee of due process, only that it did so as practiced by the states.

A period of incarceration that is fixed by a sentencing authority and cannot be reduced by judges or other corrections officials is called ______sentencing.

Case 9-2 Ted was arrested and charged with the first degree murder of Susan. Ted and Susan were coworkers at a local bar where Ted was the busboy and Susan was a waitress. The prosecutors believed there was convincing evidence that Ted was obsessed with Susan and when she rejected him, he raped and then strangled her. Prosecutors are seeking the death penalty. -If the jury votes to convict Ted and sentence him to death, which would be the most likely method of execution?

The Furman v. Georgia (1972) case resulted in a two-stage, or ________, procedure for capital cases.

Judges are not allowed to depart from the sentences stated in sentencing guidelines.

Specific deterrence assumes that an individual, after being punished once for a certain act, will be less likely to repeat that act because she or he does not want to be punished again.

During a sentencing hearing, the judge's role is passive and reactive.

The __________________ Act provides victims the right to be reasonably heard during the sentencing process.

Truth-in-sentencing laws, in the majority of states, require murderers and other offenders convicted of serious crime to serve at least ______of the sentence handed down by the judge.

Identify, define, and discuss the four basic philosophical reasons for sentencing.

What type of sentencing law requires that murderers and others convicted of serious crimes complete a certain percentage of their sentences with no time off for good behavior?

Statutorily determined punishments that must be applied to those who are convicted of specific crimes are: