Exam 13: The Juvenile Justice System

The Court banned laws in 28 states that made life-without-parole sentences mandatory for juveniles convicted of murder.

The first decision to extend due process rights to children in juvenile courts was In re Gault.

The "chronic six percent" are responsible for ______of all crimes and two thirds of all violent crimes.

In_______ , the Supreme Court held that juveniles are entitled to many of the same due process rights granted to adult offenders, including notice of charges, the right to counsel, the privilege against self- incrimination, and the right to confront and cross-examine witnesses.

No juvenile correctional facility is called a "prison."

Case 13-1 Donovan is 16 years old. He has been getting into trouble at school and not listening to his parents at home. He is also hanging out with a new group of kids in the neighborhood. His parents are growing frustrated with his antics. They finally called the police when it was 2 a.m. and he had not returned home. -The next time police are at Donovan's home they are there to question him about a robbery that was committed. After speaking briefly with Donovan, they place him under arrest. What is the first stage of the pretrial juvenile justice process that Donovan will go through after he is referred to juvenile court?

Discuss some of the reasons why juveniles join gangs.

By definition,______ is a term used to explain the fact that criminal activity declines with age.

_______include wilderness camps, farms, and ranches where children are placed in an environment that provides recreational activities and treatment programs.

______is when the juvenile offender repays his or her victim, either directly or symbolically through community service.

The ______is a document filed with a juvenile court alleging that the juvenile is a delinquent or a status offender and asking the court to either hear the case or transfer it to an adult court.

A(n) _____is prepared during the disposition process that provides the judge with relevant background material to aid in the disposition decision.

Most states provide for a bifurcated process in which a separate disposition hearing follows the adjudicatory hearing.

The efforts of the child savers culminated with the passage of the New York Juvenile Court Act in 1899.

The older a person is the less likely he or she will be to exhibit criminal behavior.

The _______is the formal document outlining the charges against the juvenile.

Violent crime is commonplace in American schools.

The state of_____ created the first court specifically for juveniles.

The efforts of the child savers culminated with the passage of the Illinois Juvenile Court Act in ______.

Discuss at least three other important court decisions ruling on juvenile court procedures.