Question 1

How did Marxist theory change the lives of women in most communist countries?

Accepted Answer

A) Abortion and divorce laws were made more conservative, reducing women's access to both. 
B) Women were given greatly expanding workforce and educational opportunities. 
C) Many women rose to positions of significant political and economic power. 
D) Traditional patterns of sexism largely faded and most women were able to let go of their traditional roles inside the home. 
A) Abortion and divorce laws were made more conservative, reducing women's access to both. 
B) Women were given greatly expanding workforce and educational opportunities. 
C) Many women rose to positions of significant political and economic power. 
D) Traditional patterns of sexism largely faded and most women were able to let go of their traditional roles inside the home. B

Question 2

Which of the following statements about gender and LGBT rights and equality in former communist or eastern European countries is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Gender inequality is growing in most Eastern European states as a result of postcommunist privatization and the high levels of unemployment that have resulted. 
B) Postcommunist countries perform worse on the United Nation's Gender Inequality Index than advanced democracies around the world. 
C) While some Central European states allow for same-sex partnerships, discrimination against the LGBT community has actually grown in Russia and Central Asia. 
D) Unlike their approach to religion, communist countries considered gender and sexual identity to be compatible with communist ideology and offered no discrimination.That tolerance has continued in transitions from communism. 
A) Gender inequality is growing in most Eastern European states as a result of postcommunist privatization and the high levels of unemployment that have resulted. 
B) Postcommunist countries perform worse on the United Nation's Gender Inequality Index than advanced democracies around the world. 
C) While some Central European states allow for same-sex partnerships, discrimination against the LGBT community has actually grown in Russia and Central Asia. 
D) Unlike their approach to religion, communist countries considered gender and sexual identity to be compatible with communist ideology and offered no discrimination.That tolerance has continued in transitions from communism. C

Question 3

Which of the following statements about religions and their contribution to new identities around the world is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) The Soviet Union actively promoted religions other than Christianity as a means of countering Western influence. 
B) Christianity has continued to wither in postcommunist countries, which have grown more secular in the last two decades. 
C) Despite attempts by both private citizens and governments like that of Saudi Arabia, Islam has grown in many countries with large Muslim populations. 
D) The Chinese government has tried to battle religious growth by promoting Confucian ideals and practices. 
A) The Soviet Union actively promoted religions other than Christianity as a means of countering Western influence. 
B) Christianity has continued to wither in postcommunist countries, which have grown more secular in the last two decades. 
C) Despite attempts by both private citizens and governments like that of Saudi Arabia, Islam has grown in many countries with large Muslim populations. 
D) The Chinese government has tried to battle religious growth by promoting Confucian ideals and practices. D

Question 4

Politically sensitive or influential jobs in the state, reserved for people approved by the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union, are known as the

Accepted Answer

A) nomenklatura. 
B) proletariat. 
C) dictatorship of the proletariat. 
D) corporate elite. 
A) nomenklatura. 
B) proletariat. 
C) dictatorship of the proletariat. 
D) corporate elite.

Question 5

The promise of which of the following has served as a major source of attraction for followers of communism?

Accepted Answer

A) economic equality 
B) environmental justice 
C) religious freedom 
D) individual wealth 
A) economic equality 
B) environmental justice 
C) religious freedom 
D) individual wealth

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the privatization and marketization of countries transitioning from communism is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Those advocating shock therapy wanted to minimize the short-term social disruptions of marketization. 
B) Inflation and hyperinflation were fears of those who advocated a gradual approach to marketization. 
C) Postcommunist countries almost universally sought to privatize by distributing firms' shares to the public as a whole. 
D) Most postcommunist countries agreed that privatization should occur and be allowed to complete its course before marketization was attempted. 
A) Those advocating shock therapy wanted to minimize the short-term social disruptions of marketization. 
B) Inflation and hyperinflation were fears of those who advocated a gradual approach to marketization. 
C) Postcommunist countries almost universally sought to privatize by distributing firms' shares to the public as a whole. 
D) Most postcommunist countries agreed that privatization should occur and be allowed to complete its course before marketization was attempted.

Question 7

In which of the following ways do postcommunist success stories like Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic differ from countries with less successful records like Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia?

Accepted Answer

A) They were more heavily influenced by the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires. 
B) They are much more ethnically diverse. 
C) They have a greater precommunist history of healthy civil society. 
D) They had less contact with the West during communist rule. 
A) They were more heavily influenced by the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian empires. 
B) They are much more ethnically diverse. 
C) They have a greater precommunist history of healthy civil society. 
D) They had less contact with the West during communist rule.

Question 8

The bourgeoisie are the

Accepted Answer

A) working class. 
B) aristocratic elites. 
C) military. 
D) property-owning middle class. 
A) working class. 
B) aristocratic elites. 
C) military. 
D) property-owning middle class.

Question 9

Which of the following statements about central planning is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) It emphasized production of consumer goods over infrastructure. 
B) It emphasized agricultural production at the expense of the industrial sector. 
C) It proved unable to create strong worker incentives. 
D) It encouraged too much interdependence among domestic economic entities. 
A) It emphasized production of consumer goods over infrastructure. 
B) It emphasized agricultural production at the expense of the industrial sector. 
C) It proved unable to create strong worker incentives. 
D) It encouraged too much interdependence among domestic economic entities.

Question 10

The "cabinet" of the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union is generally known as the

Accepted Answer

A) Politburo. 
B) nomenklatura. 
C) general secretary. 
D) general council. 
A) Politburo. 
B) nomenklatura. 
C) general secretary. 
D) general council.

Question 11

The term used to describe Marx's conception of historical change is

Accepted Answer

A) dialectical materialism. 
B) graduated materialism. 
C) dialectical gradualism. 
D) graduated episodism. 
A) dialectical materialism. 
B) graduated materialism. 
C) dialectical gradualism. 
D) graduated episodism.

Question 12

For Marx, which of the following was most important for explaining all human action?

Accepted Answer

A) economics 
B) religion 
C) culture 
D) geography 
A) economics 
B) religion 
C) culture 
D) geography

Question 13

How do we evaluate the economic transitions that postcommunist countries have undergone as either successful or unsuccessful? What are some of the factors correlated with a successful transition from communism?

Accepted Answer

A good answer may argue that economic tr

Question 14

Marx argued that once socialism had triumphed, the state would eventually

Accepted Answer

A) become highly centralized. 
B) grow in power. 
C) grow despotic and have to be overthrown again. 
D) wither away. 
A) become highly centralized. 
B) grow in power. 
C) grow despotic and have to be overthrown again. 
D) wither away.

Question 15

The _______ is the name Marx chose for the system of economic production, including the level of technology (the "means of production").

Accepted Answer

A) superstructure 
B) base 
C) dialectical materialism 
D) surplus value of labor 
A) superstructure 
B) base 
C) dialectical materialism 
D) surplus value of labor

Question 16

For Marxists, socialism represents

Accepted Answer

A) the enemy of communism. 
B) the final end-stage of human history. 
C) a transitional phase before communism. 
D) the enemy that has to be overthrown. 
A) the enemy of communism. 
B) the final end-stage of human history. 
C) a transitional phase before communism. 
D) the enemy that has to be overthrown.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about communism in China under Mao is accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Mao argued, like Marx, that communist revolutions could only be successful in countries with advanced capitalism. 
B) Mao sought to destroy the power of the party-state in order to expand the Communist regime. 
C) Mao's strategy for cultural and economic advancement proved to be far less cruel and resulted in much less loss of life than Stalin's regime. 
D) Mao rejected the broad political structure and institutions of the Soviet Communist regime and developed uniquely Chinese ones based on Confucian philosophy. 
A) Mao argued, like Marx, that communist revolutions could only be successful in countries with advanced capitalism. 
B) Mao sought to destroy the power of the party-state in order to expand the Communist regime. 
C) Mao's strategy for cultural and economic advancement proved to be far less cruel and resulted in much less loss of life than Stalin's regime. 
D) Mao rejected the broad political structure and institutions of the Soviet Communist regime and developed uniquely Chinese ones based on Confucian philosophy.

Question 18

How were religion, gender relations, sexuality, and nationalism handled under communist regimes? Were preexisting ethnic identities reduced or sharpened, and why?

Accepted Answer

A good answer will note that all four in

Question 19

What was the title of the chief executive in a communist country based on the Soviet model?

Accepted Answer

A) prime minister 
B) president 
C) Supreme Leader 
D) general secretary 
A) prime minister 
B) president 
C) Supreme Leader 
D) general secretary

Question 20

Which of the following is an accurate description of one component of communist government in the Soviet Union?

Accepted Answer

A) The only truly democratic process that occurred within the state happened during the party congress that was held every few years. 
B) Party cells were primarily used in the practical representation of the interests of the people. 
C) Some unions were allowed to operate outside of the state, though they were linked to the Communist Party. 
D) The nomenklatura were often set in opposition, sometimes violently, to the judiciary and local government officials. 
A) The only truly democratic process that occurred within the state happened during the party congress that was held every few years. 
B) Party cells were primarily used in the practical representation of the interests of the people. 
C) Some unions were allowed to operate outside of the state, though they were linked to the Communist Party. 
D) The nomenklatura were often set in opposition, sometimes violently, to the judiciary and local government officials.

How did Marxist theory change the lives of women in most communist countries?

Which of the following statements about gender and LGBT rights and equality in former communist or eastern European countries is accurate?

Which of the following statements about religions and their contribution to new identities around the world is accurate?

Politically sensitive or influential jobs in the state, reserved for people approved by the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union, are known as the

The promise of which of the following has served as a major source of attraction for followers of communism?

Which of the following statements about the privatization and marketization of countries transitioning from communism is accurate?

In which of the following ways do postcommunist success stories like Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic differ from countries with less successful records like Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia?

The bourgeoisie are the

Which of the following statements about central planning is accurate?

The "cabinet" of the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union is generally known as the

The term used to describe Marx's conception of historical change is

For Marx, which of the following was most important for explaining all human action?

How do we evaluate the economic transitions that postcommunist countries have undergone as either successful or unsuccessful? What are some of the factors correlated with a successful transition from communism?

Marx argued that once socialism had triumphed, the state would eventually

The _______ is the name Marx chose for the system of economic production, including the level of technology (the "means of production").

For Marxists, socialism represents

Which of the following statements about communism in China under Mao is accurate?

How were religion, gender relations, sexuality, and nationalism handled under communist regimes? Were preexisting ethnic identities reduced or sharpened, and why?

What was the title of the chief executive in a communist country based on the Soviet model?

Which of the following is an accurate description of one component of communist government in the Soviet Union?

Introduction

States

Nations and Society

Political Economy

Political Violence

Democratic Regimes

Developed Democracies

Nondemocratic Regimes

Developing Countries

Globalization and the Future of Comparative Politics

United Kingdom

Russia

China

Iran

Mexico

Nigeria

Filters

Exam 9: Communism and Postcommunism

How did Marxist theory change the lives of women in most communist countries?

Which of the following statements about gender and LGBT rights and equality in former communist or eastern European countries is accurate?

Which of the following statements about religions and their contribution to new identities around the world is accurate?

Politically sensitive or influential jobs in the state, reserved for people approved by the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union, are known as the

The promise of which of the following has served as a major source of attraction for followers of communism?

Which of the following statements about the privatization and marketization of countries transitioning from communism is accurate?

In which of the following ways do postcommunist success stories like Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic differ from countries with less successful records like Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia?

The bourgeoisie are the

Which of the following statements about central planning is accurate?

The "cabinet" of the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union is generally known as the

The term used to describe Marx's conception of historical change is

For Marx, which of the following was most important for explaining all human action?

How do we evaluate the economic transitions that postcommunist countries have undergone as either successful or unsuccessful? What are some of the factors correlated with a successful transition from communism?

Marx argued that once socialism had triumphed, the state would eventually

The _______ is the name Marx chose for the system of economic production, including the level of technology (the "means of production").

For Marxists, socialism represents

Which of the following statements about communism in China under Mao is accurate?

How were religion, gender relations, sexuality, and nationalism handled under communist regimes? Were preexisting ethnic identities reduced or sharpened, and why?

What was the title of the chief executive in a communist country based on the Soviet model?

Which of the following is an accurate description of one component of communist government in the Soviet Union?

Introduction

States

Nations and Society

Political Economy

Political Violence

Democratic Regimes

Developed Democracies

Nondemocratic Regimes

Developing Countries

Globalization and the Future of Comparative Politics

United Kingdom

Russia

China

Iran

Mexico

Nigeria

Filters