Question 1

Radon gas emissions and changes in the magnetic field are some of the phenomena that often occur prior to a quake.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following is an example of a second order of relief?

Accepted Answer

A) the continental platforms 
B) individual mountains and cliffs 
C) the Canadian and American Rockies 
D) the ocean basins 
E) a beach 
A) the continental platforms 
B) individual mountains and cliffs 
C) the Canadian and American Rockies 
D) the ocean basins 
E) a beach

Question 3

An exposed footwall with significant vertical extent is known as

Accepted Answer

A) a fracture zone. 
B) an escarpment. 
C) dome. 
D) anticline. 
E) an anticlinal ridge. 
A) a fracture zone. 
B) an escarpment. 
C) dome. 
D) anticline. 
E) an anticlinal ridge.

Question 4

Compared to oceanic crust,continental crust is

Accepted Answer

A) denser. 
B) usually formed with less than 50 percent silica and is rich in iron and magnesium. 
C) generally more complex in content and structure. 
D) essentially composed of basalt. 
E) darker in colour. 
A) denser. 
B) usually formed with less than 50 percent silica and is rich in iron and magnesium. 
C) generally more complex in content and structure. 
D) essentially composed of basalt. 
E) darker in colour.

Question 5

Folded layers of rock can form a wavelike pattern of troughs and crests.The layers near the trough form

Accepted Answer

A) a syncline. 
B) a tension zone. 
C) an anticline. 
D) a thrust fault. 
E) a crustal intrusion. 
A) a syncline. 
B) a tension zone. 
C) an anticline. 
D) a thrust fault. 
E) a crustal intrusion.

Question 6

A topographic region that is characterized by local relief of more than 100 m,but less than 600 m,is considered a

Accepted Answer

A) plain. 
B) high tableland. 
C) hill or low tableland. 
D) mountain. 
E) plateau 
A) plain. 
B) high tableland. 
C) hill or low tableland. 
D) mountain. 
E) plateau

Question 7

Which of the following is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) the highest mountain above sea level has an elevation of 88 048 m. 
B) the greatest ocean depth is -1030 m. 
C) the ratio of land area to ocean area is approximately 140 to 360 million km (or,1:2.5). 
D) mean sea level is at 875 m. 
E) the lowest land elevation is 0 m. 
A) the highest mountain above sea level has an elevation of 88 048 m. 
B) the greatest ocean depth is -1030 m. 
C) the ratio of land area to ocean area is approximately 140 to 360 million km (or,1:2.5). 
D) mean sea level is at 875 m. 
E) the lowest land elevation is 0 m.

Question 8

On average,how often would you expect an earthquake of between moment magnitude 5.0-5.9 and Mercalli V-VII to occur?

Accepted Answer

A) 120 times a year 
B) over a thousand times a year 
C) only once every few years 
D) once or twice a century 
E) once a millenium 
A) 120 times a year 
B) over a thousand times a year 
C) only once every few years 
D) once or twice a century 
E) once a millenium

Question 9

The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake filled a seismic gap and was actually predicted by the U.S.Geological Survey.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following is correct regarding Mount Saint Helens?

Accepted Answer

A) the Cascades lie over an area of subduction of the Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates. 
B) it is the oldest and least active volcano of the Cascade Range. 
C) it is an example of a shield volcano. 
D) the 18 May eruption resulted in catastropic loss of life,thousands were killed. 
E) scientifically,little information was gathered from the 1980 eruption. 
A) the Cascades lie over an area of subduction of the Juan de Fuca and Gorda plates. 
B) it is the oldest and least active volcano of the Cascade Range. 
C) it is an example of a shield volcano. 
D) the 18 May eruption resulted in catastropic loss of life,thousands were killed. 
E) scientifically,little information was gathered from the 1980 eruption.

Question 11

A scale used to classify and describe the effects of earthquakes on terrain,construction,and local damage conditions is the

Accepted Answer

A) Richter scale. 
B) seismograph scale. 
C) seismic assessment scale. 
D) modified Mercalli scale. 
E) moment magnitude scale. 
A) Richter scale. 
B) seismograph scale. 
C) seismic assessment scale. 
D) modified Mercalli scale. 
E) moment magnitude scale.

Question 12

The Wrangellia terranes refer to

Accepted Answer

A) a former volcanic island arc that migrated 10 000 km to its present location along the western margin of North America. 
B) a former volcanic island arc that migrated 10 000 km to its present location along the western margin of Europe. 
C) a mountain range that became part of the Himalayas. 
D) pieces of crust that moved with the Pacific plate to their present location near Japan. 
E) crustal pieces that welded onto the western side of Australia. 
A) a former volcanic island arc that migrated 10 000 km to its present location along the western margin of North America. 
B) a former volcanic island arc that migrated 10 000 km to its present location along the western margin of Europe. 
C) a mountain range that became part of the Himalayas. 
D) pieces of crust that moved with the Pacific plate to their present location near Japan. 
E) crustal pieces that welded onto the western side of Australia.

Question 13

Mount St.Helens

Accepted Answer

A) had a catastrophic eruption in 1980,but is now erupting in dome eruptions at a regular intervals,building up a new mountain. 
B) completely destroyed itself during the last eruption in 1980 and has not erupted since. 
C) is now erupting continuously with low viscosity lava from the asthenosphere. 
D) was the site of great scientific discovery in 1980,but gives little information to volcanology now. 
E) is a shield volcano. 
A) had a catastrophic eruption in 1980,but is now erupting in dome eruptions at a regular intervals,building up a new mountain. 
B) completely destroyed itself during the last eruption in 1980 and has not erupted since. 
C) is now erupting continuously with low viscosity lava from the asthenosphere. 
D) was the site of great scientific discovery in 1980,but gives little information to volcanology now. 
E) is a shield volcano.

Question 14

A cinder cone is formed from relatively ________ viscosity magma with a ________ gas content.

Accepted Answer

A) high.high 
B) high .low 
C) low .high 
D) low.low 
A) high.high 
B) high .low 
C) low .high 
D) low.low

Question 15

A brittle rock is likely to respond to stress by ________,whereas a ductile rock is likely to respond by ________.

Accepted Answer

A) stretching breaking 
B) breaking bending 
C) isostatically uplifting bending 
D) isostatically uplifting breaking 
E) shortening fracturing 
A) stretching breaking 
B) breaking bending 
C) isostatically uplifting bending 
D) isostatically uplifting breaking 
E) shortening fracturing

Question 16

Compressional stress along a fault can result in a dropped footwall block relative to the hanging-wall side,producing a

Accepted Answer

A) reverse fault. 
B) lateral fault. 
C) normal fault. 
D) strike-slip fault. 
E) transform fault. 
A) reverse fault. 
B) lateral fault. 
C) normal fault. 
D) strike-slip fault. 
E) transform fault.

Question 17

The Appalachians formed as a result of the

Accepted Answer

A) Laramide orogeny. 
B) Alleghany orogeny. 
C) Cordilleran orogeny. 
D) Alpine orogeny. 
E) Ellesmerian orogeny. 
A) Laramide orogeny. 
B) Alleghany orogeny. 
C) Cordilleran orogeny. 
D) Alpine orogeny. 
E) Ellesmerian orogeny.

Question 18

Compare and contrast explosive and effusive eruptions.Include their locations,the chemical composition of the magma,and the landforms they typically produce.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast explosive and effusive eruptions.Include...

Question 19

Draw and label a simple sketch showing common folded landscape features.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Draw and label a simple sketch showing...

Question 20

Scientific evidence regarding the nature of faulting and crustal movement in California suggests

Accepted Answer

A) that a number of small earthquakes may preceed a major earthquake. 
B) that there is no warning sign of an impending large earthquake. 
C) that a portion of southern California is poised to break from the mainland and fall into the ocean. 
D) that a new mountain chain is developing along the fault system. 
E) that humans do not know enough about earthquakes to properly plan large cities in this region. 
A) that a number of small earthquakes may preceed a major earthquake. 
B) that there is no warning sign of an impending large earthquake. 
C) that a portion of southern California is poised to break from the mainland and fall into the ocean. 
D) that a new mountain chain is developing along the fault system. 
E) that humans do not know enough about earthquakes to properly plan large cities in this region.

Exam 12: Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Radon gas emissions and changes in the magnetic field are some of the phenomena that often occur prior to a quake.

Which of the following is an example of a second order of relief?

An exposed footwall with significant vertical extent is known as

Compared to oceanic crust,continental crust is

Folded layers of rock can form a wavelike pattern of troughs and crests.The layers near the trough form

A topographic region that is characterized by local relief of more than 100 m,but less than 600 m,is considered a

Which of the following is correct?

On average,how often would you expect an earthquake of between moment magnitude 5.0-5.9 and Mercalli V-VII to occur?

The 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake filled a seismic gap and was actually predicted by the U.S.Geological Survey.

Which of the following is correct regarding Mount Saint Helens?

A scale used to classify and describe the effects of earthquakes on terrain,construction,and local damage conditions is the

The Wrangellia terranes refer to

Mount St.Helens

A cinder cone is formed from relatively ________ viscosity magma with a ________ gas content.

A brittle rock is likely to respond to stress by ________,whereas a ductile rock is likely to respond by ________.

Compressional stress along a fault can result in a dropped footwall block relative to the hanging-wall side,producing a

The Appalachians formed as a result of the

Compare and contrast explosive and effusive eruptions.Include their locations,the chemical composition of the magma,and the landforms they typically produce.

Draw and label a simple sketch showing common folded landscape features.

Scientific evidence regarding the nature of faulting and crustal movement in California suggests

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A cinder cone is formed from relatively viscosity magma with a gas content.

A brittle rock is likely to respond to stress by ,whereas a ductile rock is likely to respond by .