Question 1

Greenhouse gases act to ________ temperatures by ________ thermal infrared radiation.

Accepted Answer

A) increase absorbing and releasing 
B) increase reflecting 
C) decrease blocking 
D) decrease absorbing and releasing 
E) decrease reflecting 
A) increase absorbing and releasing 
B) increase reflecting 
C) decrease blocking 
D) decrease absorbing and releasing 
E) decrease reflecting

Question 2

Which of the following is true of marine west-coast climates?

Accepted Answer

A) they are dominated by mT air masses. 
B) the air masses in this region are stable. 
C) these climates experience very cold winters because of their high latitude (about 45° to 55° north) 
D) the weather is quite unpredictable. 
E) frosts are frequent and fogs are rare. 
A) they are dominated by mT air masses. 
B) the air masses in this region are stable. 
C) these climates experience very cold winters because of their high latitude (about 45° to 55° north) 
D) the weather is quite unpredictable. 
E) frosts are frequent and fogs are rare.

Question 3

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)reports

Accepted Answer

A) that global temperatures are expected to stop rising under all climate models. 
B) that there is a dearth of scientific agreement about whether the climate is changing. 
C) that glacial ice is melting worldwide,and river and lake ice is melting sooner in the spring. 
D) that there is new and stronger evidence that most of global warming is not human caused. 
E) information from a few scientists from a small number of countries. 
A) that global temperatures are expected to stop rising under all climate models. 
B) that there is a dearth of scientific agreement about whether the climate is changing. 
C) that glacial ice is melting worldwide,and river and lake ice is melting sooner in the spring. 
D) that there is new and stronger evidence that most of global warming is not human caused. 
E) information from a few scientists from a small number of countries.

Question 4

The largest repository of freshwater in the world is in ice-covered Antarctica.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

An  empirical classification is based on,among other factors,

Accepted Answer

A) the interaction of air masses. 
B) the origin or genesis of the climate. 
C) the mean annual temperature and precipitation of an area. 
D) causative factors. 
E) the average height of mountain chains. 
A) the interaction of air masses. 
B) the origin or genesis of the climate. 
C) the mean annual temperature and precipitation of an area. 
D) causative factors. 
E) the average height of mountain chains.

Question 6

List and describe the six basic climate classifications.Describe their causes,typical conditions throughout the year,and their general locations.

Accepted Answer

The six basic climate classifications ar

Question 7

Climate is a statistical construction based on defining assumptions (i.e. ,criteria)and is,therefore,not directly observable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

General circulation models (GCMs)of the atmosphere

Accepted Answer

A) produce very specific results as to time and place. 
B) are now in operation at over a dozen places in Canada. 
C) are based on statistical three-dimensional boxes that characterize portions of the atmosphere and ocean in terms of climate-related variables. 
D) are essentially unrelated to mathematical models originally established for forecasting weather. 
E) are based on short term weather data for many places on Earth. 
A) produce very specific results as to time and place. 
B) are now in operation at over a dozen places in Canada. 
C) are based on statistical three-dimensional boxes that characterize portions of the atmosphere and ocean in terms of climate-related variables. 
D) are essentially unrelated to mathematical models originally established for forecasting weather. 
E) are based on short term weather data for many places on Earth.

Question 9

Duluth,Minnesota,Moscow and Saint Petersburg,Russia are within which climate classification?

Accepted Answer

A) Humid continental,mild summer 
B) Humid subtropical,mild summer 
C) Ice cap and ice sheet 
D) Humid subtropical,winter-dry 
A) Humid continental,mild summer 
B) Humid subtropical,mild summer 
C) Ice cap and ice sheet 
D) Humid subtropical,winter-dry

Question 10

It is impossible to distinguish between "natural" and "human caused" climate fluctuations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The tropical savanna climate has

Accepted Answer

A) the ITCZ in summer and the subtropical high in winter. 
B) the polar front in winter and the subtropical high in summer. 
C) the ITCZ all year-round. 
D) the polar front all year-round. 
E) the subtropical high year-round. 
A) the ITCZ in summer and the subtropical high in winter. 
B) the polar front in winter and the subtropical high in summer. 
C) the ITCZ all year-round. 
D) the polar front all year-round. 
E) the subtropical high year-round.

Question 12

Which is true of The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A) the thermocline in the eastern Pacific Ocean rises. 
B) it always brings increased rain to the western United States. 
C) easterly winds along the equator increase in intensity. 
D) sea-surface temperatures can increase more than 8 C° above normal in the central and eastern Pacific during an ENSO. 
E) it has no impact on hurricane development. 
A) the thermocline in the eastern Pacific Ocean rises. 
B) it always brings increased rain to the western United States. 
C) easterly winds along the equator increase in intensity. 
D) sea-surface temperatures can increase more than 8 C° above normal in the central and eastern Pacific during an ENSO. 
E) it has no impact on hurricane development.

Question 13

The ITCZ migrates with the subsolar point and influences the tropical monsoon climates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

What are the important characteristics of the tropical savanna climate,and where is this climate typically found?

Accepted Answer

The important characteristics of the tro

Question 15

The wet season of the tropical monsoon climate of SE Asia occurs during the season of ________ Sun due to the presence of the ________ over the continent.(low Sun = "winter" and high Sun = "summer")

Accepted Answer

A) low subtropical high 
B) low ITCZ 
C) high subtropical high 
D) high ITCZ 
A) low subtropical high 
B) low ITCZ 
C) high subtropical high 
D) high ITCZ

Question 16

In which of the following areas would the least amount of precipitation occur?

Accepted Answer

A) in areas affected by maritime air masses 
B) along windward coasts 
C) in low pressure regions 
D) on the leeward side of a mountain range in the interior of a continent 
E) in high pressure regions. 
A) in areas affected by maritime air masses 
B) along windward coasts 
C) in low pressure regions 
D) on the leeward side of a mountain range in the interior of a continent 
E) in high pressure regions.

Question 17

Which of the following is true regarding the concentration of CO₂ in the lower atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A) it is 1/3 higher than it was 1750. 
B) it has stabilized. 
C) it is presently at 150 ppm. 
D) it is unrelated to the amount of forest cover. 
E) it is not related to fossil fuel use. 
A) it is 1/3 higher than it was 1750. 
B) it has stabilized. 
C) it is presently at 150 ppm. 
D) it is unrelated to the amount of forest cover. 
E) it is not related to fossil fuel use.

Question 18

Tropical climates

Accepted Answer

A) occupy less than 25% of Earth's surface. 
B) are found from 35° N to 35° S. 
C) have consistently warm seasonal temperatures. 
D) have variable day lengths. 
E) are found only in the southern hemisphere. 
A) occupy less than 25% of Earth's surface. 
B) are found from 35° N to 35° S. 
C) have consistently warm seasonal temperatures. 
D) have variable day lengths. 
E) are found only in the southern hemisphere.

Question 19

Write an essay on the desert climates of Earth.Include the typical characteristics of plants,the reasons for the arid conditions,and the typical characteristics of each subclimate.

Accepted Answer

The desert climates of Earth are charact

Question 20

Which type of plants grow in desert climates?

Accepted Answer

A) taiga 
B) boreal forests 
C) xerophytic 
D) chaparral 
E) hydrophytic 
A) taiga 
B) boreal forests 
C) xerophytic 
D) chaparral 
E) hydrophytic

Exam 10: Climate Systems and Climate Change

Greenhouse gases act to ________ temperatures by ________ thermal infrared radiation.

Which of the following is true of marine west-coast climates?

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)reports

The largest repository of freshwater in the world is in ice-covered Antarctica.

An empirical classification is based on,among other factors,

List and describe the six basic climate classifications.Describe their causes,typical conditions throughout the year,and their general locations.

Climate is a statistical construction based on defining assumptions (i.e. ,criteria)and is,therefore,not directly observable.

General circulation models (GCMs)of the atmosphere

Duluth,Minnesota,Moscow and Saint Petersburg,Russia are within which climate classification?

It is impossible to distinguish between "natural" and "human caused" climate fluctuations.

The tropical savanna climate has

Which is true of The El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO)phenomenon?

The ITCZ migrates with the subsolar point and influences the tropical monsoon climates.

What are the important characteristics of the tropical savanna climate,and where is this climate typically found?

The wet season of the tropical monsoon climate of SE Asia occurs during the season of ________ Sun due to the presence of the ________ over the continent.(low Sun = "winter" and high Sun = "summer")

In which of the following areas would the least amount of precipitation occur?

Which of the following is true regarding the concentration of CO₂ in the lower atmosphere?

Tropical climates

Write an essay on the desert climates of Earth.Include the typical characteristics of plants,the reasons for the arid conditions,and the typical characteristics of each subclimate.

Which type of plants grow in desert climates?

Essentials of Geography

Solar Energy to Earth and the Seasons

Earth's Modern Atmosphere

Atmosphere and Surface Energy Balances

Global Temperatures

Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulations

Water and Atmospheric Moisture

Weather

Water Resources

The Dynamic Planet

Tectonics, Earthquakes, and Volcanism

Weathering, Karst Landscapes, and Mass Movement

River Systems and Landforms

Eolian Processes and Arid Landscapes

The Oceans, Coastal Processes, and Landforms

Glacial and Periglacial Processes and Landforms

The Geography of Soils

Ecosystem Essentials

Terrestrial Biomes

Earth and the Human Denominator

Filters

Greenhouse gases act to temperatures by thermal infrared radiation.

The wet season of the tropical monsoon climate of SE Asia occurs during the season of Sun due to the presence of the over the continent.(low Sun = "winter" and high Sun = "summer")