Exam 17: International Banking: Reserves, Debt, and Risk

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In the 1970s,the major industrial countries abandoned the managed-floating exchange rate system and adopted a system of fixed exchange rates tied to the price of gold.

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Created by the International Monetary Fund,special drawing rights (SDRs) are unconditional rights to draw currencies of other nations,thus enabling countries to finance their current-account deficits.

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Gold constitutes the largest component of the world's international reserves.

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International trade and investment are most frequently financed by the U.S.dollar and the:

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A country with a high debt/export ratio and a high debt service/export ratio would likely be considered as an attractive place in which to invest by foreign residents.

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The diagram below represents the exchange market position of the United States in trade with the United Kingdom.Starting at the equilibrium exchange rate of $3 per pound,suppose the demand for pounds rises from D0 to D1. Figure 17.1 Foreign Exchange Market The diagram below represents the exchange market position of the United States in trade with the United Kingdom.Starting at the equilibrium exchange rate of $3 per pound,suppose the demand for pounds rises from D0 to D1. Figure 17.1 Foreign Exchange Market    -In the market for British Pounds the demand is represented by D0 and supply by S0.If the exchange rate is allowed to rise as high as $4 and the demand for pounds increases to D1,US monetary authorities will need to -In the market for British Pounds the demand is represented by D0 and supply by S0.If the exchange rate is allowed to rise as high as $4 and the demand for pounds increases to D1,US monetary authorities will need to

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Which indicator of international debt burden schedules interest and principal payments on long-term debt as a percent of export earnings?

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Concerning international lending risk of commercial banks,____ refers to the probability that part/all of the interest/principal of a loan will not be repaid.

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Why do countries hold international reserves?

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When exchange rates are fixed by central bankers,the need for international reserves disappears.

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Eurocurrencies are deposits,denominated and payable in dollars and other foreign currencies,in banks outside the United States,primarily in London,the market's center.

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The demand for international reserves is negatively related to the level of world prices and income.

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Debt reduction

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Bilateral agreements between central banks,which provide for an exchange of currencies to help finance temporary balance-of-payments disequilibriums,are referred to as:

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The U.S.dollar,Japanese yen,British pound,and Mexican peso are the major reserve currencies of the international monetary system.

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The U.S.dollar has been considered a reserve (key) currency because trading nations have been willing to hold it as an international reserve asset.

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A debt buyback is a debt-reduction technique in which a government of a debtor nation buys loans from commercial banks at a discount.

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When exchange rates are fixed by central bankers,international reserves are necessary for financing payments imbalances and the stabilization of exchange rates.

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Describe the eurocurrency market.

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Which of the following does not represent a form of international liquidity?

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