Exam 12: Financial Statement Analysis

Given the following position on abortion, identify which of the three major ethical theories discussed in the text-utilitarianism, duty theory, or virtue ethics-it follows. Note that each theory may encompass several possible viewpoints on an issue. Abortion should be allowed. It is up to the individual to decide whether abortion is the right thing to do for her. Not everybody is ready for parenthood, and it is better that children not be raised by individuals who have no love for them, no stability in their lives, or no sense of responsibility for their actions.

For the following, try to come up with an additional premise that will turn the passage into a deductively valid or an inductively strong argument. Usually this requires adding a general moral principle and, sometimes, an extra nonmoral claim as well. The idea is to guarantee that the "ought" claim follows from the "is" claim. John often insults elderly people. This kind of behavior emotionally scars them.

State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value; or no value at all. According to the contract, Hazel was supposed to pay Bert one hundred dollars last month.

State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value; or no value at all. There ought to be a law against doing what Selena has done to her hair.

Identify the moral perspective at work here: At the supermarket, Vickie just ran her cart into a display of jars with jams and preserves, and now the aisle is full of broken glass and jam. She feels like leaving the store as quickly as possible. Is that an acceptable course of action? No, it isn't; our god says that it would be a sin to leave, so she must stay and clean up.

State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value; or no value at all. Morgan should have paid the fine on time.

In the following, discuss whether Marina is treating relevantly similar cases in sufficiently similar fashions; identify instances in which the cases are not relevantly similar. Marina is usually a careful shopper, looking for bargains and buying generic products when she's at the market. But she has a weakness for gloves and handbags, and she owns a closet full of elegant and expensive examples.

The application of stare decisis always involves analogical argument.

For the following, try to come up with an additional premise that will turn the passage into a deductively valid or an inductively strong argument. Usually this requires adding a general moral principle and, sometimes, an extra nonmoral claim as well. The idea is to guarantee that the "ought" claim follows from the "is" claim. We ought not to leave the showroom model's accessories off the price tag, since that will really mislead customers.

In the following, discuss whether Marina is treating relevantly similar cases in sufficiently similar fashions; identify instances in which the cases are not relevantly similar. Marina is the principal source of financial support for one of her sons at college; the other son won a large scholarship, and Marina sends him a much smaller amount.

State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value; or no value at all. It is my turn to deal.

State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value; or no value at all. You ought to get to know Samuel.

Utilitarianism holds the idea that what is right and wrong is merely a matter of subjective opinion.

In this pair of cases, the first may serve as precedent for the second. Decide whether the second case is so relevantly similar to the first that it should be decided identically. Explain your decision.

In estimating the moral worth of what people do, utilitarianism seems to discount people's intentions.

In this pair of cases, the first may serve as precedent for the second. Decide whether the second case is so relevantly similar to the first that it should be decided identically. Explain your decision.

Identify the moral perspective at work here: Bernie takes his car for a ride near the beach. While at it, he crashes into a car parked at the side of the road. Nobody is hurt in this accident. He leaves the scene without leaving a note to the other vehicle's owner. Is this an acceptable course of action? Yes, it is; Bernie's religion says this act is justified as long as no one is hurt.

State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value; or no value at all. Jake will pay Mrs. Sly the money he owes, if he knows what's good for him.

Given the following position on abortion, identify which of the three major ethical theories discussed in the text-utilitarianism, duty theory, or virtue ethics-it follows. Note that each theory may encompass several possible viewpoints on an issue. Abortion should not be allowed. Whether abortion is done for the woman's convenience, health, or other reasons, the fact remains that taking a life is wrong. No number of good consequences can alter that fact.

State whether the following item expresses moral value or nonmoral value; or no value at all. The Pittsburgh Steelers were the best football team of the 1970s, and the Forty-Niners were the team of the '80s. The Redskins were the best of the '90s. But the Patriots will turn out to be the best of the 2000s.