Question 1

According to the text, which of the following is not a way an individual seeks visions on a vision quest?

Accepted Answer

A)  Starvation 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Exposure 
D)  Totems 
A)  Starvation 
B)  Dehydration 
C)  Exposure 
D)  Totems

Question 2

An individual who has the power to contact the spirit world through trance, possession, or visions, and who uses this power to influence the world of the living is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a totem. 
B)  a shaman. 
C)  an oracle. 
D)  Any or all of the answers are correct. 
A)  a totem. 
B)  a shaman. 
C)  an oracle. 
D)  Any or all of the answers are correct.

Question 3

Many researchers argue that cognitive archaeology will be most successful when historical and ethnographic documentation is unavailable, because with the use of such data, the archaeologists' creativity and imagination are limited.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Mary Douglas, a symbolic anthropologist, has argued that which of the following explains Near Eastern food taboos such as the prohibition against eating pork?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prohibited animals are those that violate cultural ideas about the order of creation. 
B)  Any food will be tabooed when the cost of producing it outweighs its value (in calories or nutrients). 
C)  Animals included in food taboos are always those that do not occur naturally in the geographic region of the taboo; either the animal never lived in the region, or they lived there once and are no extinct. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  Prohibited animals are those that violate cultural ideas about the order of creation. 
B)  Any food will be tabooed when the cost of producing it outweighs its value (in calories or nutrients). 
C)  Animals included in food taboos are always those that do not occur naturally in the geographic region of the taboo; either the animal never lived in the region, or they lived there once and are no extinct. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of cognitive archaeology?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is appealing to cultural materialists who are less concerned with interpreting symbolic relationships than with reconstructing the material conditions of life. 
B)  It is the study of all those aspects of ancient culture that are a product of the human mind. 
C)  It is based more in the processual than in the postprocessual paradigm. 
D)  Hypotheses generated within cognitive archaeology cannot be tested, and are therefore unscientific. 
A)  It is appealing to cultural materialists who are less concerned with interpreting symbolic relationships than with reconstructing the material conditions of life. 
B)  It is the study of all those aspects of ancient culture that are a product of the human mind. 
C)  It is based more in the processual than in the postprocessual paradigm. 
D)  Hypotheses generated within cognitive archaeology cannot be tested, and are therefore unscientific.

Question 6

Any archaeology of the mind will have more than flavor because such an approach will necessarily address recovering meanings (rather than law-like statements or generalizations about human behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)  postprocessual/processual 
B)  processual/postprocessual 
C)  objective reasoning/subjective reasoning 
D)  subjective reasoning/objective reasoning 
A)  postprocessual/processual 
B)  processual/postprocessual 
C)  objective reasoning/subjective reasoning 
D)  subjective reasoning/objective reasoning

Question 7

Lewis-Williams has argued that much of the world's rock art is the result of shamanism. What is the basis for his argument?

Accepted Answer

A)  He is operating within the paradigm of structuralism, which frequently explains human behavior as a response to culturally dictated supernatural needs. 
B)  He interprets the symbols depicted in rock art as representing shamans contacting the spirit world; thus the explanation for rock art lies within the rock art itself. 
C)  Cross-cultural psychological and neurological research showing that individuals in a trance go through three universal stages of hallucination; rock art records these stages. 
D)  There is no real basis for his argument; he arrived at his conclusions without the necessary data to support them and therefore demonstrates the dangers inherent in cognitive archaeological approaches. 
A)  He is operating within the paradigm of structuralism, which frequently explains human behavior as a response to culturally dictated supernatural needs. 
B)  He interprets the symbols depicted in rock art as representing shamans contacting the spirit world; thus the explanation for rock art lies within the rock art itself. 
C)  Cross-cultural psychological and neurological research showing that individuals in a trance go through three universal stages of hallucination; rock art records these stages. 
D)  There is no real basis for his argument; he arrived at his conclusions without the necessary data to support them and therefore demonstrates the dangers inherent in cognitive archaeological approaches.

Question 8

A society's mechanism for relating supernatural phenomena to the everyday world, and enlisting supernatural powers to achieve or prevent transformations of state in humans and nature, is:

Accepted Answer

A)  religion. 
B)  ritual. 
C)  cosmology. 
D)  sympathetic magic. 
A)  religion. 
B)  ritual. 
C)  cosmology. 
D)  sympathetic magic.

Question 9

The occurrence of the Upper Paleolithic in Europe is marked by the appearance of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a complex technology of stone, bone, and antler as well as art. 
B)  animal domestication. 
C)  agriculture. 
D)  All of the answers are correct. 
A)  a complex technology of stone, bone, and antler as well as art. 
B)  animal domestication. 
C)  agriculture. 
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 10

All living cultures have some form of religion, and we assume that prehistoric cultures did as well.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Beneath many of the cave paintings at Lascaux there is abundant room for groups of people to have gathered and participated in rituals; the common occurrence of dense artifact scatters and hearth features in this location strongly suggests that they did so.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Rituals in which doing something to an images of an object produces the desired effect in the real object are called

Accepted Answer

A)  structuralism. 
B)  totems. 
C)  sympathetic magic. 
D)  religion. 
A)  structuralism. 
B)  totems. 
C)  sympathetic magic. 
D)  religion.

Question 13

What is Lascaux II?

Accepted Answer

A)  The only part of Lascaux cave that is currently open to the public. 
B)  A recently discovered passage leading away from the main chambers at Lascaux, and into an additional chamber complex also containing Upper Paleolithic cave art. 
C)  Another cave containing Upper Paleolithic cave art, located only 200 meters from Lascaux, found decades after the initial discovery of Lascaux. 
D)  A very precise replica of the Hall of Bulls from the real Lascaux, constructed by the French government to limit visitation and reduce damage to the real Lascaux. 
A)  The only part of Lascaux cave that is currently open to the public. 
B)  A recently discovered passage leading away from the main chambers at Lascaux, and into an additional chamber complex also containing Upper Paleolithic cave art. 
C)  Another cave containing Upper Paleolithic cave art, located only 200 meters from Lascaux, found decades after the initial discovery of Lascaux. 
D)  A very precise replica of the Hall of Bulls from the real Lascaux, constructed by the French government to limit visitation and reduce damage to the real Lascaux.

Question 14

Why may Dorset Culture have vanished?

Accepted Answer

A)  Disappearance of seals 
B)  Cooling temperatures 
C)  Loss of boating skills 
D)  Warming temperatures 
A)  Disappearance of seals 
B)  Cooling temperatures 
C)  Loss of boating skills 
D)  Warming temperatures

Question 15

The Upper Paleolithic, the last major division of the Old World Paleolithic, dates to:

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 BC to present. 
B)  40,000-10,000 BC. 
C)  90,000-10,000 BC. 
D)  None of the answers are correct; the temporal divisions of the Old World Upper Paleolithic vary dramatically in different regions of the Old World. 
A)  10,000 BC to present. 
B)  40,000-10,000 BC. 
C)  90,000-10,000 BC. 
D)  None of the answers are correct; the temporal divisions of the Old World Upper Paleolithic vary dramatically in different regions of the Old World.

Question 16

Ramililisonina first believed that the stones at Stonehedge were used to

Accepted Answer

A)  honor the gods. 
B)  commemorate the dead. 
C)  establish territorial boundaries. 
D)  protect the vulnerable. 
A)  honor the gods. 
B)  commemorate the dead. 
C)  establish territorial boundaries. 
D)  protect the vulnerable.

Question 17

Lascaux cave in southern France is perhaps the most famous of all European caves, containing many chambers and passageways with magnificent cave paintings and dating to 17,000 years ago; in order to preserve the cave and the artwork within it, it is now closed to regular public visitation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Leroi-Gourhan's maps of 66 French caves suggests that cave elements clustered into four major sets of images that do not include

Accepted Answer

A)  small herbivores. 
B)  rare species. 
C)  dangerous animals. 
D)  domesticated animals. 
A)  small herbivores. 
B)  rare species. 
C)  dangerous animals. 
D)  domesticated animals.

Question 19

Upper Paleolithic cave art is often found in very obscure and difficult to access places such as the deepest recesses of caves, strongly suggesting a connection between the art and religious ritual.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The difference between a symbol and a sign is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a symbol has connection to what it signifies, while a sign does not. 
B)  a sign has a connection to what it signifies, while a symbol does not. 
C)  symbol is an archaeological term that refers to prehistoric behavior, while sign is an ethnographic term that refers to the behavior of living people. 
D)  there is no difference between them; symbol and sign are terms that are use interchangeably. 
A)  a symbol has connection to what it signifies, while a sign does not. 
B)  a sign has a connection to what it signifies, while a symbol does not. 
C)  symbol is an archaeological term that refers to prehistoric behavior, while sign is an ethnographic term that refers to the behavior of living people. 
D)  there is no difference between them; symbol and sign are terms that are use interchangeably.

According to the text, which of the following is not a way an individual seeks visions on a vision quest?

An individual who has the power to contact the spirit world through trance, possession, or visions, and who uses this power to influence the world of the living is:

Many researchers argue that cognitive archaeology will be most successful when historical and ethnographic documentation is unavailable, because with the use of such data, the archaeologists' creativity and imagination are limited.

Mary Douglas, a symbolic anthropologist, has argued that which of the following explains Near Eastern food taboos such as the prohibition against eating pork?

Which of the following is true of cognitive archaeology?

Any archaeology of the mind will have more than flavor because such an approach will necessarily address recovering meanings (rather than law-like statements or generalizations about human behavior.

Lewis-Williams has argued that much of the world's rock art is the result of shamanism. What is the basis for his argument?

A society's mechanism for relating supernatural phenomena to the everyday world, and enlisting supernatural powers to achieve or prevent transformations of state in humans and nature, is:

The occurrence of the Upper Paleolithic in Europe is marked by the appearance of:

All living cultures have some form of religion, and we assume that prehistoric cultures did as well.

Beneath many of the cave paintings at Lascaux there is abundant room for groups of people to have gathered and participated in rituals; the common occurrence of dense artifact scatters and hearth features in this location strongly suggests that they did so.

Rituals in which doing something to an images of an object produces the desired effect in the real object are called

What is Lascaux II?

Why may Dorset Culture have vanished?

The Upper Paleolithic, the last major division of the Old World Paleolithic, dates to:

Ramililisonina first believed that the stones at Stonehedge were used to

Lascaux cave in southern France is perhaps the most famous of all European caves, containing many chambers and passageways with magnificent cave paintings and dating to 17,000 years ago; in order to preserve the cave and the artwork within it, it is now closed to regular public visitation.

Leroi-Gourhan's maps of 66 French caves suggests that cave elements clustered into four major sets of images that do not include

Upper Paleolithic cave art is often found in very obscure and difficult to access places such as the deepest recesses of caves, strongly suggesting a connection between the art and religious ritual.

The difference between a symbol and a sign is:

Meet Some New Archaeologists

The Structure Of Archaeological Inquiry

Doing Fieldwork Surveying For Archaeological Sites

Doing Fieldwork Why Archaeologists Dig Square Holes

Geoarchaeology and Site Formation Processes

Chronology Building How To Get A Date

The Dimensions Of Archaeology Time Space And Form

Taphonomy Experimental Archaeology And Ethnoarchaeology

People Plants and Animals In The Past

Bioarchaeological Approaches To The Past

Reconstructing Social And Political Systems Of The Past

Understanding Key Transitions In World Prehistory

Historial Archaeology Insights On American History

Caring For Our Cultural Heritage

Archaeology Apos S Future

Filters

Exam 12: The Archaeology Of The Mind

According to the text, which of the following is not a way an individual seeks visions on a vision quest?

An individual who has the power to contact the spirit world through trance, possession, or visions, and who uses this power to influence the world of the living is:

Many researchers argue that cognitive archaeology will be most successful when historical and ethnographic documentation is unavailable, because with the use of such data, the archaeologists' creativity and imagination are limited.

Mary Douglas, a symbolic anthropologist, has argued that which of the following explains Near Eastern food taboos such as the prohibition against eating pork?

Which of the following is true of cognitive archaeology?

Any archaeology of the mind will have more than flavor because such an approach will necessarily address recovering meanings (rather than law-like statements or generalizations about human behavior.

Lewis-Williams has argued that much of the world's rock art is the result of shamanism. What is the basis for his argument?

A society's mechanism for relating supernatural phenomena to the everyday world, and enlisting supernatural powers to achieve or prevent transformations of state in humans and nature, is:

The occurrence of the Upper Paleolithic in Europe is marked by the appearance of:

All living cultures have some form of religion, and we assume that prehistoric cultures did as well.

Beneath many of the cave paintings at Lascaux there is abundant room for groups of people to have gathered and participated in rituals; the common occurrence of dense artifact scatters and hearth features in this location strongly suggests that they did so.

Rituals in which doing something to an images of an object produces the desired effect in the real object are called

What is Lascaux II?

Why may Dorset Culture have vanished?

The Upper Paleolithic, the last major division of the Old World Paleolithic, dates to:

Ramililisonina first believed that the stones at Stonehedge were used to

Lascaux cave in southern France is perhaps the most famous of all European caves, containing many chambers and passageways with magnificent cave paintings and dating to 17,000 years ago; in order to preserve the cave and the artwork within it, it is now closed to regular public visitation.

Leroi-Gourhan's maps of 66 French caves suggests that cave elements clustered into four major sets of images that do not include

Upper Paleolithic cave art is often found in very obscure and difficult to access places such as the deepest recesses of caves, strongly suggesting a connection between the art and religious ritual.

The difference between a symbol and a sign is:

Meet Some New Archaeologists

The Structure Of Archaeological Inquiry

Doing Fieldwork Surveying For Archaeological Sites

Doing Fieldwork Why Archaeologists Dig Square Holes

Geoarchaeology and Site Formation Processes

Chronology Building How To Get A Date

The Dimensions Of Archaeology Time Space And Form

Taphonomy Experimental Archaeology And Ethnoarchaeology

People Plants and Animals In The Past

Bioarchaeological Approaches To The Past

Reconstructing Social And Political Systems Of The Past

Understanding Key Transitions In World Prehistory

Historial Archaeology Insights On American History

Caring For Our Cultural Heritage

Archaeology Apos S Future

Filters