Question 1

What characteristics do humans share with r -selected species?

Accepted Answer

A)  rapid population growth that is largely unchecked 
B)  considerable energy and resources spent providing for offspring 
C)  ability to survive well past the age of reproduction 
D)  high reproductive output 
E)  prolonged parental care 
A)  rapid population growth that is largely unchecked 
B)  considerable energy and resources spent providing for offspring 
C)  ability to survive well past the age of reproduction 
D)  high reproductive output 
E)  prolonged parental care

Question 2

Which of the following descriptions of a hummingbird best describes its niche?

Accepted Answer

A)  has a slender bill 
B)  eats mosquitoes 
C)  can fly backwards 
D)  can migrate across the Gulf of Mexico 
E)  lays two eggs 
A)  has a slender bill 
B)  eats mosquitoes 
C)  can fly backwards 
D)  can migrate across the Gulf of Mexico 
E)  lays two eggs

Question 3

A niche specialist is .

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to go extinct than a niche generalist 
B)  more likely to thrive in human -modified environments than a niche generalist 
C)  more likely to use a wide variety of resources than a niche generalist 
D)  more likely to have a large geographic distribution than a niche generalist 
E)  more likely to adapt to climate change than a niche generalist 
A)  more likely to go extinct than a niche generalist 
B)  more likely to thrive in human -modified environments than a niche generalist 
C)  more likely to use a wide variety of resources than a niche generalist 
D)  more likely to have a large geographic distribution than a niche generalist 
E)  more likely to adapt to climate change than a niche generalist

Question 4

When a population approaches its carrying capacity, its resources .

Accepted Answer

A)  become more scarce as population growth rate decreases 
B)  increase in supply as the population size decreases 
C)  increase in supply because the population size is decreasing 
D)  generally become infinite in supply 
E)  decrease in supply but are more accessible to competitors 
A)  become more scarce as population growth rate decreases 
B)  increase in supply as the population size decreases 
C)  increase in supply because the population size is decreasing 
D)  generally become infinite in supply 
E)  decrease in supply but are more accessible to competitors

Question 5

The carrying capacity is the .

Accepted Answer

A)  maximum sustainable population that a given environment can support 
B)  limitation on numbers of species in a community 
C)  potential growth in the number of species in a given area 
D)  greatest number of different niches possible in a given area 
E)  average number of offspring carried to term by a species 
A)  maximum sustainable population that a given environment can support 
B)  limitation on numbers of species in a community 
C)  potential growth in the number of species in a given area 
D)  greatest number of different niches possible in a given area 
E)  average number of offspring carried to term by a species

Question 6

Scientists often depict their understanding of an organism's evolutionary ancestry in diagrams called .

Accepted Answer

A)  phylogenetic trees 
B)  branchograms 
C)  taxonomic trees 
D)  ancestral trees 
E)  classification trees 
A)  phylogenetic trees 
B)  branchograms 
C)  taxonomic trees 
D)  ancestral trees 
E)  classification trees

Question 7

Which of the following best illustrates a type I survivorship curve, with higher death rates at older ages?

Accepted Answer

A)  redwood trees 
B)  dandelions 
C)  large mammals such as gorillas 
D)  large open -water ocean fish, such as tuna 
E)  small mammals such as mice 
A)  redwood trees 
B)  dandelions 
C)  large mammals such as gorillas 
D)  large open -water ocean fish, such as tuna 
E)  small mammals such as mice

Question 8

High population density can .

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease competition 
B)  increase the incidence of disease transmission 
C)  decrease biodiversity within a species 
D)  hinder organisms from finding mates 
E)  decrease the use of resources 
A)  decrease competition 
B)  increase the incidence of disease transmission 
C)  decrease biodiversity within a species 
D)  hinder organisms from finding mates 
E)  decrease the use of resources

Question 9

Heavy rains and mudslides cause a river to change course, isolating two groups of lizards from one another. If they remain isolated for a long period of time, .

Accepted Answer

A)  both groups will probably become native species 
B)  one or both groups will probably emigrate 
C)  one or both groups will probably become invasive species 
D)  one group will probably become an endemic species 
E)  the groups will probably diverge genetically, and speciation may occur 
A)  both groups will probably become native species 
B)  one or both groups will probably emigrate 
C)  one or both groups will probably become invasive species 
D)  one group will probably become an endemic species 
E)  the groups will probably diverge genetically, and speciation may occur

Question 10

-Organisms that are closely related have a recent common ancestor. Of the following, which choice lists organisms that are most closely related to each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  lizards and crocodiles 
B)  lampreys and sharks 
C)  mammals and turtles 
D)  bony fish and birds 
E)  lungfish and amphibians 
A)  lizards and crocodiles 
B)  lampreys and sharks 
C)  mammals and turtles 
D)  bony fish and birds 
E)  lungfish and amphibians

Question 11

-Each branch in the figure results from .

Accepted Answer

A)  a speciation event 
B)  migration to a new habitat 
C)  a mutation 
D)  extinction of a parent species 
E)  habitat selection 
A)  a speciation event 
B)  migration to a new habitat 
C)  a mutation 
D)  extinction of a parent species 
E)  habitat selection

Question 12

The initial population of Kaibab deer in 1906 was about 4000. In an area of about 800,000 acres, this works out to an average density of one deer per 200 acres. What is the density in 1923?

Accepted Answer

A)  one deer per 20 acres 
B)  one deer per 500 acres 
C)  one deer per 8 acres 
D)  one deer per 0.8 acre 
E)  one deer per 80 acres 
A)  one deer per 20 acres 
B)  one deer per 500 acres 
C)  one deer per 8 acres 
D)  one deer per 0.8 acre 
E)  one deer per 80 acres

Question 13

Which of the following are the major factors that determine a population's growth rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  immigration, climate, emigration, biotic potential 
B)  birth rate, death rate, emigration, immigration 
C)  limiting factors, carrying capacity, mutation rate, inbreeding 
D)  survivorship, natural selection, mutation, extinction 
E)  adaptation, competition, birth rate, emigration 
A)  immigration, climate, emigration, biotic potential 
B)  birth rate, death rate, emigration, immigration 
C)  limiting factors, carrying capacity, mutation rate, inbreeding 
D)  survivorship, natural selection, mutation, extinction 
E)  adaptation, competition, birth rate, emigration

Question 14

Mutation and _ are the key mechanisms that generate and maintain genetic variation among individuals in most populations.

Accepted Answer

A)  adaptations 
B)  inbreeding 
C)  natural selection 
D)  sexual reproduction 
E)  asexual reproduction 
A)  adaptations 
B)  inbreeding 
C)  natural selection 
D)  sexual reproduction 
E)  asexual reproduction

What characteristics do humans share with r -selected species?

Which of the following descriptions of a hummingbird best describes its niche?

A niche specialist is .

When a population approaches its carrying capacity, its resources .

The carrying capacity is the .

Scientists often depict their understanding of an organism's evolutionary ancestry in diagrams called .

Which of the following best illustrates a type I survivorship curve, with higher death rates at older ages?

High population density can .

Heavy rains and mudslides cause a river to change course, isolating two groups of lizards from one another. If they remain isolated for a long period of time, .

-Organisms that are closely related have a recent common ancestor. Of the following, which choice lists organisms that are most closely related to each other?

-Each branch in the figure results from .

The initial population of Kaibab deer in 1906 was about 4000. In an area of about 800,000 acres, this works out to an average density of one deer per 200 acres. What is the density in 1923?

Which of the following are the major factors that determine a population's growth rate?

Mutation and _ are the key mechanisms that generate and maintain genetic variation among individuals in most populations.

Science and Sustainability: an Introduction to Environmental Science

Environmental Systems: Matter, Energy, and Ecosystems

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Economics, Policy, and Sustainable Development

Human Population

Soil, Agriculture, and the Future of Food

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Forests, Forest Management, and Protected Areas

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Geology, Minerals, and Mining

Fresh Water, Oceans, and Coasts

Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control

Global Climate Change

Nonrenewable Energy Sources, Their Impacts, and Energy Conservation

Renewable Energy Alternatives

Managing Our Waste

The Urban Environment: Creating Sustainable Cities

Sustainable Solutions

Answers to Data Analysis Questions

How to Interpret Graphs

Metric System

Periodic Table of the Elements

Geologic Time Scale Glossary Credits Index

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Exam 3: Evolution, Biodiversity, and Population Ecology

What characteristics do humans share with r -selected species?

Which of the following descriptions of a hummingbird best describes its niche?

A niche specialist is .

When a population approaches its carrying capacity, its resources .

The carrying capacity is the .

Scientists often depict their understanding of an organism's evolutionary ancestry in diagrams called .

Which of the following best illustrates a type I survivorship curve, with higher death rates at older ages?

High population density can .

Heavy rains and mudslides cause a river to change course, isolating two groups of lizards from one another. If they remain isolated for a long period of time, .

-Organisms that are closely related have a recent common ancestor. Of the following, which choice lists organisms that are most closely related to each other?

-Each branch in the figure results from .

The initial population of Kaibab deer in 1906 was about 4000. In an area of about 800,000 acres, this works out to an average density of one deer per 200 acres. What is the density in 1923?

Which of the following are the major factors that determine a population's growth rate?

Mutation and _ are the key mechanisms that generate and maintain genetic variation among individuals in most populations.

Science and Sustainability: an Introduction to Environmental Science

Environmental Systems: Matter, Energy, and Ecosystems

Species Interactions and Community Ecology

Economics, Policy, and Sustainable Development

Human Population

Soil, Agriculture, and the Future of Food

Biodiversity and Conservation Biology

Forests, Forest Management, and Protected Areas

Environmental Health and Toxicology

Geology, Minerals, and Mining

Fresh Water, Oceans, and Coasts

Atmospheric Science, Air Quality, and Pollution Control

Global Climate Change

Nonrenewable Energy Sources, Their Impacts, and Energy Conservation

Renewable Energy Alternatives

Managing Our Waste

The Urban Environment: Creating Sustainable Cities

Sustainable Solutions

Answers to Data Analysis Questions

How to Interpret Graphs

Metric System

Periodic Table of the Elements

Geologic Time Scale Glossary Credits Index

Filters